November 28, 1903. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
991 
Round the Nurseries. 
Messrs. J. Cheal and Sons. 
November is not the best season at. which to visit, a, nursery 
where most of the subjects are grown in the open air, and this 
is the case with the cultures of Messrs. J. Cheal and Sons, Low- 
field Nurseries, Crawley, Sussex. Hardy trees, and shrubs, 
both evergreen and deciduous, are a very important, feature of 
the nurseries. Fruit trees are also very extensively cultivated. 
Hardy herbaceous plants and Dahlias are also well-known, 
features of the exhibits, of the firm, the collection of single 
Dahlias being both extensive -and important for the great 
number of beautiful varieties which it. contains. 
On this occasion we paid special attention to the hardy 
trees and shrubs, including those grown for their flowers a.s well 
as those whose ornamental value resides in. the foliage. The 
latter included a great variety of beautiful Conifers-, without 
which no demesne -of any size or pretensions can be adequately 
planted. Not far from the offices is a handsome specimen! of 
Abies eoncol-or (lasioearp-a.), about 28 ft. high and about thirty 
years old. It had its leader spoiled when only 6 ft. high, bub 
produced another, and is! now a handsome tree of a deep- 
glaucous green hue, similar to the tree sometimes named A. c. 
violacea. A similar specimen of A. no-bilis glauca is only 
twenty-three years old, though as tall as the other -and ini 
equally fine health. These twoi would require the aid of 
machinery to m-ovei them with safety, but we presume they 
were the remainder, o-f trees reared in the nursery when silver 
Firs were more popular than they are at the present day. 
The ordinary Ligustrum japonicum, or Japanese Privet, is an, 
evergreen species, with leathery leaves not unlike those of a 
Eurya or Camellia., though smaller, but here we noted a 
variety of it named L. j. macrop-hyllum, with leaves quite as 
large as those of a, Camellia, the greater size of the leaves of 
the variety being indicated by the name. They are ovate, 
pointed, leathery and shining. The flowers are produced in 
large terminal panicles, a.s may be seen by reference to our 
illustration, the plant being in bloom at. the beginning of 
November, and, indeed, it had been so from September. The 
flowers usually continue until checked by frost. The shrub 1 
has proved quite hardy here. 
A veiy fine Cypress is Cupressus lawsoniana. Wisseli, having 
the habit or form of growth of Retino-spora filicoides. The 
branches and twigsi arei short and set. on very thickly on, the 
larger ones, and are of deep- glaucous green hue. Another 
very choice variety is C. 1. West-erman’s Golden Cypress. 
Irregular portions of the foliage are yellow, the rest being 
green. C. 1. Silver Queen is of a silvery shade of olive, and 
retains this colour all the year, while the plant, is of more 
graceful habit than the previous one-. C. 1. filifera glauca, has 
long, slender, whipcord-like shoots, and grows faster and with 
more vigour than the variety of Retinos-pora, having a, similar 
name. f 
Many of the deciduous trees were in the height of their 
autumn glory, and those who intend planting trees to beautify 
their estate sho-uld secure some of those which produce: such 
fine colour effects in the autumn.. Though their glory is a 
short-lived one, it, is very bright and undoubtedly highly effec¬ 
tive. Amongst the dwaifer subjects, Herberts Tliunbergii was 
covered with its small scarlet and o-range leaves. 
Rubus nutkatensis was of a, more sober hue-, the large leaves 
being chiefly brown. A number of American Brambles were 
very highly coloured, having red steabs and red, crimson, and 
orange foliage. The variety named Kittatinny had red, crim¬ 
son and bronzy leaves. The dying leaves of Corn,us floridus 
were red and yellow above and glaucous beneath. Thei autumn 
foliage of Euomyrnus europa.eus atropurpureus was very fine. 
During the s-ummer it is more or less tinted with purple, but 
in ( autumn it becomes blackish-purple and red. 
The scarlet. Oak of America, is notable for its beautiful 
autumn, tints, but it. varies Avhen raised from seed. A specially 
fine variety has been selected here and worked upon the 
ordinary stock. The leaves are of a rich chestnut red and 
scarlet, the colour being very striking amongst other vegeta¬ 
tion. The leaves of Cornus sibirioa were crimson above and 
pale beneath. Those of C. Mas. elegant,issima had a yellow- 
edge in summer, but, this had changed to rose-red, and was very 
elegant indeed. The leaves of Rhus Cotinus were red and 
veined with green. 
One of the prettiest of the smaller-growing Acers is un¬ 
doubtedly A. Ginn,ala, the palm ite leaves of which had changed 
to crimson and yellow. The young leaves of A. colchicum 
rub-rum are also well known for their handsome red colour, but 
in, autumn this gives place to a golden, yellow. Amongst 
autumn tints few are, finer than those of Liquidambar styraci- 
LlGUSTRUM JArONICUM MACROPHYLLUM. 
fiua, planted in an open .situation so that it can get. the full 
benefit of sun and air. The deciduous Cypress, Taxodium diss 
tichum, does well on the moist soil here. It, is a Conifer, but, 
what is a veiy uncommon occurrence in this family, it is de¬ 
ciduous, and the leave® die off a, warm brown. 
Thei Snowball treei is also veiy handsome in. autumn, with 
the leaves dying off of a glowing red. Acer virginicum f ulgens 
is of stronger growth than A. Ginnala. The leaves of Crataegug 
pinna,tifida majusi are of a bronzy red. Those of the June Berry 
or Snowy Medlar (Amelanchier canadensis) are of a rich crim¬ 
son and bronzy yellow. The best yellow-leaved Oak is Quercus 
Concordia, the leave® being pale yellow in summer, and chang¬ 
ing to golden in the autumn, and dying off brown. 
Many things are valued purely for the sake of their foliao-e, 
which would apply to the whole of the summer'season, and not 
particularly to their dying tint-si. One of these is Paulowniai 
imperialis, of which we noted fine specimens 8 ft. to 10 ft. 
high. The golden; cut-leaved Elder (Sambucus raoemosa, foliis 
aureis) is always, a conspicuous feature in the landscape. A 
very thorny subject is Crataegus Crusigalli elliptica longispina, 
having thorns 4 in. to 5 in. long. In passing through the 
