130 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
I have a remedy to suggest for the grievance; our efforts must 
be renewed to improve our lands; confine wheat growing to wheat 
land, instead of straining soils never adapted to wheat, to produce 
itj and too often unaided by the only restoratives. Whereas, it 
land, intended for wheat, be properly cultivated, and sown in the 
most approved season, after being well prepared by rich fossil and 
putrescent manures, there will be no other safeguard required 
against the ravages of the fly. WM. PENN KINZER. 
Spring Lawn Farm, Pequea, Lan. Co., Pa., Aug. 20th, 1836. 
PROPAGATING THE PEACH. 
J. Buel, esq. —Every number of the Cultivator increases in in¬ 
terest, and bids fair to become one of the best agricultural papers 
in the country. I have only been a subscriber about six months, 
and the numbers which I have received in that time I consider 
worth more than the price of the whole published numbers. 
The article in the 6th number, on grafting and budding apple 
trees, by Solomon Phillips, jr. is a valuable and interesting communi¬ 
cation to the people of this section of the country, especially the 
part relative to budding, as it has not yet become in use here, or I 
believe its practicability known. 
In return for Mr. P.’s kindness, I will attempt to gratify his re¬ 
quest about the culture of peach trees. 
1st. We gather the stones in the fall, which we bury about an 
inch under ground, (high and early ground is preferred, as the pits 
will sprout earlier in the spring,) spreading them singly, but as close¬ 
ly as you can, in order that the frost may have its full effect upon 
them. The best time for putting them in the ground is the last of 
October, but any time in October or November will do. 
2d. Preparing the ground for the young trees. Select a rich and 
middling dry piece of ground, which if very rich, will do without 
manuring, but if not, manuring is indispensable. Short and old 
manure is the best, and if some rich dirt be mixed therewith, I think, 
all the better. The manure should be spread along the furrows, 
which should be made with a plough four feet apart. If any other ma¬ 
nure be added after, I would recommend lime or ashes. The ground 
should be ploughed and harrowed well in the first place. 
3d. Transplanting. This should be done as soon as the pits be¬ 
gin to sprout in the spring, by dropping them in the rows already 
prepared for them, about 8 or 9 inches apart, and covered about an 
inch or more deep. Some nurserymen let the young sprouts grow 
6 or 8 inches high before they transplant them, but the former way 
I think the best. The young trees should be ploughed and hoed as 
often as necessary, in order to keep them free from weeds and grass, 
say 3 or 4 times each, the last just before budding, and not after¬ 
wards that season. 
4th. Budding. Select from the healthiest trees the scions of the 
kinds you wish to propagate, cut of the leaves and keep them in 
water, at least the butt ends, (those buds which have three leaves 
on are the best.) They may be kept in this manner 3 or 4 days. 
Then take the scion in your left hand, holding the butt end down¬ 
wards, enter your knife about half an inch below the bud, and cut 
upwards about a quarter of an inch above the bud, taking the wood 
with it, and then cut across the twig deep enough for the bud to 
come off; then with the point of your knife take out the wood from 
the bud; then make a transverse cut in the stock to be budded, 
about 3 or 4 inches above the ground, (first trimming off the leaves 
and limbs about six inches above the ground;) from the middle of 
this cut make a slit about half an inch downwards, then with the 
point of your knife open the bark on each side of the slit, by the 
transverse cut; enter the lower end of the bud therein, bearing it 
down with your thumb and finger, till the top side of the bud comes 
just below the first transverse cut, then with bark or yarn wind above 
and below the bud, in order to keep it close to the wood. In 12 or 
14 days the bandages may be removed. The time of budding may 
be from the 20th of August to the 20th September, perhaps later 
sometimes. In the following spring, when the buds grow 3 or 4 
inches long, the old stock should be cut off about an inch above the 
bud. In the following fall or spring you may set out your orchard, 
putting the trees about 20 feet apart. The ground should be rich 
and dry, not springy. Manuring is indispensable, unless the ground 
be very rich. Corn or potatoes may be planted among the trees, 
with benefit to them for 3 or 4 years. 
Sir, if the above remarks contain any information worth publish¬ 
ing, you are liberty to do so. FRANK. 
Middletown, Monmouth co. N. J. Sept. 5, 1836. 
ChiUicothe, July 18, 1836. 
Mr. Jesse Buel—Dear Sir —In the June number of the Culti¬ 
vator, we find a catalogue of the sale of Col. J. H. Powell’s herd 
of improved short-horn cattle, to which are appended the remarks of 
a “correspondent,” which we think, in justice to the importation of 
the Ohio Company, requires some notice. 
The writer of this article has the pleasure of a partial acquaint¬ 
ance with Col. Powell, as well as some knowledge of his herd of 
short-horns, having seen them sever;.! times within two or three 
years past; and thinks he can safely say, that there is no person, 
not even excepting your correspondent himself, that more highly ap¬ 
preciates Col. Powell’s praiseworthy exertions, or that would set a 
higher value on his herd of short-horns, than he does ; but he must be 
permitted to think, (until better informed,) '■hat your correspondent 
has, in his remarks, travelled somewhat out of his way, in making 
an effort to raise the reputation of Col. Powell’s herd, at the expense 
of those imported by the Ohio Company, when he says—“Those 
imported by the Ohio Company, and passed through this city last 
summer, would not compare with these in symmetry of form or 
blood-like appearance, although they were obtained at high prices.” 
As your “correspondent” does not say what city he has reference 
to, when he says “ this city,” he may have fallen into an error in his 
comparison; if he means Philadelphia, where the sale of Col. Pow¬ 
ell’s stock took place, the Ohio Company had no cattle to pass through 
that city last summer; if he means Albany, where the Cultivator is 
published, the Company had not more than three that passed through 
that city last summer, and they were then mixed with some ten or 
twelve others, some of which were, and some were not imported, 
and some of them of inferior quality. But if your correspondent 
means to say that the Company’s three cattle which passed through 
Albany last summer will not compare with the cattle sold at Col. 
Powell’s sale, “ in symmetry of form or blood-like appearance,” in¬ 
cluding every other essential good quality, pedigree, hair, handling, 
&c. then we differ with him in opinion, and in order to test our judg¬ 
ments, would be willing to meet him at the most convenient half¬ 
way place, be it east, west, north or south, and let good and impar¬ 
tial judges decide between us, for any premium he may think proper 
to name; provided, it be amply sufficient to defray all expenses in 
attending such meeting, paying judges, &c. &c. We will not only 
meet him on equal terms, but will give him the advantage; he may 
name twelve of the worst of the twenty in the catalogue; the three 
next worst would of course be better than an average of the whole ; 
against these three, we will exhibit three of the cattle that passed 
through Albany last summer, and if the premium be awarded to us, 
he may bring forward the next three travelling upwards, for the same 
amount; and m like manner the next three. There will then be 
the best one of the twenty-two left; against this one, if your “ cor¬ 
respondent” wishes, we will select one imported by the Ohio Com¬ 
pany or stockholders, and exhibit for the same premium. 
Your correspondent might possibly have had reference to the Ohio 
Company’s importation, that passed through Philadelphia the summer 
before last; if so, he will be met if he wishes, on any fail 1 terms, 
with a part or the whole of that stock. 
The Ohio Company never has, and we believe never intended 
making any effort to raise the reputation of their importation at the 
expense of any other, but wish to let every importation, as well as 
their own, stand on its own merits ; but at the same time they are 
not willing to stand mute, and let others pursue a different course at 
their expense, without a fair trial. 
If your “correspondent” has fallen into any error as above sug¬ 
gested, he will be good enough to say so ; if not, any communication 
he may think proper to make through the Cultivator, or any other 
channel, will be attended, by his friend and 
Obedient servant, OHIO. 
MEADOW vs. TILLAGE. 
J. Buel — Dear Sir —In the August number of the Cultivator, a 
writer has placed the grass crop produced by top dressing, in com¬ 
petition with the alternation of crops, with a view, if 1 understand 
him, of assuming a more profitable course; of agriculture. 
To persuade men to change their mod * of agriculture, correct and 
fair statements should be made, and these from actual experience 
and facts. I do not think it expedient to discourage the cultivation 
of the grass crops. An increase is desirable, for without them, 
there is an end to agricultural improvement. They are, in fact, the 
main support, whether considered for grazing or fodder. 
