THE CULTIVATOR. 
The native horses of India are small, but well proportioned, and 
good of their kind. With the intention of increasing their size, the 
India company have adopted a plan of sending large stallions to In¬ 
dia. If these stallions should be extensively used, a disproportion- 
ed race must be the result, and a valuable breed of horses may be 
irretrievably spoiled. 
From theory, from practice, and from extensive observation, which 
is more to be depended on than either, it is reasonable to form this 
CONCLUSION. 
It is wrong to enlarge a native breed of animals ; for in propor¬ 
tion as they increase in size, they become worse in form, less hardy, 
and more liable to disease. 
From the Southern Agriculturist. 
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 
Our prosperity has been derived entirely from our agriculture, 
imperfect as it has ever been; and without any visible improvement in 
our arts of management, labor, or experiment, we have presented, 
through the agency of a productive soil and atmosphere, the appear¬ 
ance of a people which has always continued to improve. All our 
interests, whether they affect our gain, our society, our politics, lo¬ 
cal or foreign, take their complexion from our agricultural pursuits, 
and are prompted by them. All professions in our country are mov¬ 
ed by those of the planter. In his success, they succeed—in his 
losses, they suffer. In his fate, the fortunes of merchant and me¬ 
chanic, lawyer and doctor, freeman and slave, have their governing 
principle, and his importance is to be estimated by their dependance 
upon him, not less than by his own individual charact er and influ¬ 
ence in the community. His successes determining, in great mea¬ 
sure, theirs, does it not follow that in proportion as he is weak or 
enlightened, they will falter or succeed. In proportion as he is in¬ 
telligent and industrious, will be their hopes of fortune, and their ca¬ 
pacity for enterprise. In proportion as lie is skilful and reflective, 
will be their skill, their reflection, their readiness for adventure, 
their elevation of pursuit and character—their virtue and their pa¬ 
triotism. The intimate connexion and close dependance of all pur¬ 
suits upon those of agriculture, are happily comprised by Lord Ba¬ 
con in a simple and brief sentence, in which he sums up the whole 
history of national prosperity : “ There are three things,” says he, 
“ which one nation selleth to another—the commodity as it is yield¬ 
ed by nature, the manufacture, and the veclure or carriage ; so,” says 
he, “ if the three wheels go, wealth will flow in as a spring tide.” 
He places the three things in their proper order. The planter first, 
the manufacturer next, the shipper third ; and the sentence might 
very well be stuck over the door of every cotton and counting house 
in the country* But there is yet a greater than planter, manufac¬ 
turer and shipper, whom Bacon has not classified with the rest. He 
must be set before them all. He is Labor —a huge, heavy-handed 
giant, striking like a blind Cyclops, imperfectly and uselessly, until 
Art, a gift from Heaven, which should be protected, if not worship¬ 
ped by man, comes to his aid, and directs his efforts, and makes him 
equally important to agriculture, to mechanics, and to commerce. 
Through him they all triumph, without him not one of them could 
succeed. 
We have labor—has art duly prompted and directed his indus¬ 
try I This is the question. Surely, these are truths—undeniable 
truths_which we have been uttering. Have our people learned 
them—do they believe them—have they adopted, and do they toil in 
obedience to the precepts which they teach 1 How far has South 
Carolina recognized, and how closely has she practised upon them 1 
Let us ask the question. Let us look into the truth. 
It is humiliating to know that v. e have made no such inquiries— 
we have been too regardless of these truths. Not sufficiently con¬ 
tent with the bounty of Providence to forbear complaint, we have 
yet been too well satisfied with what she has given us, to have la¬ 
bored at improvement. We have left undone a thousand things 
which should have been done, and we need not wonder, if there 
should come a time, when the wholesome truth comes home to us, 
and the stern rebuke of heaven places our present diminution of the 
* The words of Bacon have been rhymed as follows: 
“ Let the earth have cultivation, 
Let its products have creation, 
Bid the seas give circulation, 
And you build the mighty nation.” 
And yet, unless you give the people education, they would be knocking out 
on« another’s brains with their own working implements. 
goods of fortune to our own account; charging us with a neglect of 
our proper duties of self-instruction and self-devotion to our own and 
the general interest of the country. Look back at our agricultural 
history and enterprise, and how gross are its defects. What have 
we learnt 1—What do we know 1—Where are we now 1 Are we a 
solitary year in advance of the first settlers in the matter of Agricul¬ 
tural Education! We fear not. What are our improvements ; and 
what is the estimate which we are accustomed even now to put up¬ 
on agricultural knowledge ] Is it not regarded as the merest mat¬ 
ter of common place industry and effort, which calls for an overseer, 
not a guide—a spy rather than a teacher; which needs no art to 
prune, no precaution to provide against the viscissitudes of the sea¬ 
son, no reflection to devise new improvements, or convert into pro¬ 
per channels, the well known and the old 1 Is not such the esti¬ 
mate commonly put upon agriculture—the very first of the arts— 
mingling the necessary with the useful, the useful with the grateful, 
the grateful with the elegant, the elegant with all others ] There 
are very few persons who consider it a profession, requiring any in¬ 
tellectual exercise whatever, and, compared with its sister arts, we 
may venture to affirm, that, although the very highest in importance, it 
is yet the very lowest in point of rank. True, we honor the planter as 
one who is a good citizen—who has wealth and the influence which 
wealth produces—who is frank in his intercourse with men—who is 
hospitable to the stranger, and who gives to our society a character 
and temper, which we would not willingly see exchanged for any 
other. But there is little more. 
His virtues and vices, his toils and his pleasures are, alike, set 
down, and the Agricultural Society may toot them up at pleasure. 
To him it matters not much what is the precise character of the soil 
which he cultivates—he asks not the history, he observes not the 
constitution of the plant from which comes all his revenue. It is 
not his concern upon what principle of mechanics his workmen, his 
horses, mules and oxen, apply their labor; nor does he deem it his 
part to know by what particular tenure he holds his lands—or upon 
what great principle, his rights, as a citizen, are maintained. He is 
too apt to avoid all trouble and concern on these topics. Public 
opinion expects from him no knowledge on any of them, and he may 
live in total ignorance of the whole history of his own country past 
and present, yet, in no wise offend the judgment of those who move 
around him. Let him but pay his taxes, he may vote—let him but 
speak civilly, he is a good citizen—let him but show a wholesome 
warmth on the subject of his public relations, he is quite as pure a 
patriot as any in the republic. 
Nor, in public and national respects only, may he live in utter ig¬ 
norance, and live without offending popular opinion. Contract the 
sphere of your observation, and see him at home. He may be to¬ 
tally uninformed of those matters which more immediately pertain to 
I his own plantation and its government—sometimes, indeed, he may 
j be even found to despise them, as unbecoming in him to notice, or 
unworthy of his esteem. And this course of conduct, though in such 
exceeding bad taste, would call for no rebuke from the general feel¬ 
ing, and would, indeed, rather accord with, than revolt, the public 
opinion. We are somehow strangely given to regard all labors 
which employ time, and compel exertion, as inconsistent with a pro¬ 
per gentility. Noble blood will not trade in merchandize—can it 
be expected that noble blood will sow and reap, and devise modes 
and means by which the arts of sowing and reaping shall be strength¬ 
ened and improved I There must be a revolution in our thoughts, 
in our habits of thinking, before we can hope for improvement. 
Our planter, himself, must make a change—he must not wait for the 
spirit of enlightenment—he must go forth and seek it. Public opi¬ 
nion must keep pace, and go with him in such a pursuit, for, what¬ 
ever may be the achievements of the individual, he will inevitably 
fall back into old lethargies, unless stimulated by the belief that the 
world around goes with him—that all are stirring in the same fields, 
and that if he does not push forward inflexibly, fearlessly, thought¬ 
fully, he will be left behind in the grand march of enterprize, alone 
—stagnating and stiffening—where he stands. 
The exertion must come from the planter, and the planter only. 
The movement of other craftsmen will never move him. He must 
move himself. With us, he is the man who gives the tone to pub¬ 
lic sentiment. Why] He is the great proprietor known to the 
country. The capital of our state exists in the soil, and the serfs 
who work it. They are his He wields that capital, and that capi¬ 
tal makes our feelings, our opinions, our character. To plant is to 
engage in the highest craft known to our people. It is the object 
