GRAHAM & ROSS IN GREAT FALLS SINCE 1896 
GRASSES 
CRESTED WHEAT GRASS 
(Billion Dollar Grass) 
This is undoubtedly the most important grass introduc¬ 
tion that we have for general plains conditions. In com¬ 
parison with Slender Wheat Grass and Brome Grass it is 
a heavier yielder of hay. It becomes green in the spring 
often earlier than Brome Grass and stays green later in 
the fall. Crested Wheat Grass will spread widely and 
completely cover the ground. It is adapted to a rainfall 
under 13 inches per year and is relished by all forms 
of livestock. It is a very heavy seed producer. 
Seeding and Cultivation: Crested Wheat Grass should 
be sown as early in the spring as possible. Spring frosts 
do not injure the seedlings but they are easily injured 
by the heat. Although the grass is exceedingly drought 
resistant when once established, the young plants will 
often succumb in hot dry weather when they are getting 
started. For this reason sow early. CRESTED WHEAT 
GRASS MUST BE SEEDED VERY SHALLOW. The next best 
time to sow is in the fall of the year during the first 
half of September. Produces a hay resembling Blue Joint 
which is relished by all forms of livestock. 
When grown for seed production it should be sown in 
rows spaced about 3 feet apart which will require from 
3 to 5 lbs. per acre. When sown for hay purposes, it 
should be sown close drilled, which will require from 12 
to 15 pounds per acre. When sown broadcast and har¬ 
rowed in, about 20 pounds of seed per acre should be used. 
BROME GRASS 
Sow 10 to 20 lbs. per acre 
Brome Grass (Bromus inermis) is also known as Hun¬ 
garian brome, smooth brome, awnless brome, Russian 
brome, and Austrian brome. It is a sod former. Roots 
penetrate 5 to 6 feet into the soil. This makes it possible 
for Brome Grass to withstand drought conditions, close 
grazing, and trampling to a remarkable extent. It resists 
severe winters and is tolerant of considerable alkali, en¬ 
during up to 1 percent white alkali. It is usually sown 
in the spring on well prepared land at the rate of 10 to 
20 pounds of seed per acre. The yield of hay the first 
year is small, good the second, and best the third. By 
loosening the soil the yield will be increased. The yield 
of hay ranges from 1V 2 to 3Vz tons per acre, the larger yield 
being secured from two cuttings per season. It is palatable. 
It starts growth early in the spring and remains tender 
and succulent late in the fall. * 
"X-L" HIGH GERMINATING KENTUCKY 
BLUE GRASS 
Sow 20 lbs. per acre 
This makes the best, sweetest and most nutritious pas¬ 
ture for all kinds of stock. A perennial that is often mixed 
with other grasses forming a permanent pasture. Our seed 
is bright, plump, testing 21 pounds to the bushel, which 
is considered above the standard. 
MEADOW FESCUE, ENGLISH BLUE GRASS 
Sow 20 to 25 lbs. per acre. 
This is one of the most used grasses for hay and for pas¬ 
ture. It succeeds best in cold, moist, light soils, in low 
valleys rich in organic matter, and does not thrive on 
warm dry land. It reaches ts full development the second 
and third years. It grows quickly after being mown. The 
forage, either green or dried, is much relished by cattle 
and is very nourishing. It can be recommended for lawns 
where Kentucky Blue Grass would fail. 
ORCHARD GRASS 
Sow 20 to 25 lbs. per acre. 
This is a very early and valuable grass for pasture and 
hay and affords more than one cutting per season. How¬ 
ever, when only one crop is cut the undergrowth is very 
heavy and gives splendid and rich pasture until late in 
the fall. It will withstand some drought and is hardy. Well 
suited for shady places such as orchards and groves. 
It grows in tufts and is satisfactory for sowing with red 
clover and alfalfa. 
RED TOP (Herds Grass) 
Sow 12 to 15 lbs. per acre. 
This is one of the most valuable and satisfactory grasses 
in all localities. Thrives on low ground, where water 
stands late in the season. Red Top should be included in 
all mixtures intended for permanent pastures or hay. It 
makes excellent pasturage and is ideal for hay. When 
well established it spreads and will supplant other grasses. 
Fine for hillsides, will prevent erosion. Matures at the 
same time as Meadow Fescue, Orchard Grass and Timothy. 
SUDAN GRASS 
Sow 5 to 6 lbs. per acre in rows 2 ft. apart or 20 to 25 lbs. 
per acre broadcast. 
A wonderful quick growing summer hay grass. It will 
give at least two cuttings per acre and we have seen 
it pastured after the second cutting is off. The hay is 
equal to Timothy in feeding value and is relished by all 
forms of livestock. 
TALL SLENDER WHEAT GRASS 
Sow 15 to 20 lbs. per acre. 
Is also called Western Wheat Grass, Western Rye Grass 
and Mclver's Ryegrass. It grows in tall erect bunches which 
sometimes cover a space one foot in diameter. It is peren¬ 
nial and very resistant to both drought and cold. Has abil¬ 
ity to grow in alkali land and is very palatable and nu¬ 
tritious to cattle and horses. The ordinary yield of hay is 
1 % to 2 tons per acre. It may be sown alone or in pas¬ 
ture mixtures and is well adapted for planting in Wyoming, 
Montana, the Dakotas, and Idaho. 
TIMOTHY 
Sow 10 to 12 lbs. per acre. 
Timothy is the old standard hay and has been the most 
widely used for years. Timothy is the best hay for horses 
on heavy work, and there is no danger of giving the 
horse the scours. Timothy is cheap to plant, easily grown 
and of excellent quality. Thrives on clay and moist soils 
but not on poor light land. Timothy flowers in July and 
should be cut when in full bloom, later the hay becomes 
hard and coarse. Cut Timothy 4 inches from the ground, 
as most Timothy is killed by mowing too close. Timothy 
should not be sown alone for pasture, but together with 
other grasses such as Meadow Fescue and Red Top. 
"X-L" HI-GERMINATING HUNTLEY 
PERMANENT PASTURE MIXTURE 
Recommended by the Federal Experiment Station at 
Huntley as the best mixture for Montana. Tests have proved 
that it will pasture more stock per acre than any other. 
Suggested for one acre: 
3 lbs. Brome Grass 1 lb. White Clover 
4 lbs. Kentucky Blue Grass 1 lb. Alsike Clover 
4 lbs. Orchard Grass 16 lbs. to 24 lbs. per acre 
3 lbs. Meadow Fescue 
MIXTURE FOR ALKALINE LANDS 
Experiments conducted under supervision of the Depart¬ 
ment of Botany of the Colorado Agricultural College have 
shown that the following mixture gives fine results on 
lands infested with alkali: 
Pounds 
Yellow Sweet Clover . 6 
Slender Wheat grass or Western Grass. 3 
Meadow Fescue or English Blue Grass. 6 
Brome Grass . 6 
Red Top . 4 
Total pounds, per acre .30 
Prices on Seed will be given on our Special Field Seed 
Price List. 
64 
All Packets of Seeds carry the date packed 
