24 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
January 9. 1904. 
Work for the Coming Fortnight. 
Hardy Trees and Shrubs. 
Coloured. Barks. —Tlie exhibit of cut deciduous shrubs, con¬ 
spicuous by the colour of their harks, at a recent Drill Hall 
meeting, excited considerable interest, and with the object of 
bringing the most desirable before the general public I propose 
briefly describing the species and varieties which are of the 
greatest value. There are many other varieties in addition to 
the under-mentioned ones which are worthy a. plaice in every 
representative collection, but those I give have proved to be 
among the most effective. Of course, some sorts, to* be seen 
at their best, need massing in large or small quantities, and 
this can be practised in many places with great advantage, as 
the merits of these coloured barks and their great value in 
winter, when the average garden contains so little of interest 
in the pleasure grounds, is yet recognised. A good collection 
of these coloured woods:, well grown and judiciously arranged, 
cannot fail to be admired by all who see them, and for those 
who have not yet taken up their culture I can assure them 
there is much pleasure in store. I have before advocated grow¬ 
ing them in a good open situation like the wilderness, and they 
can also be massed in smaller quantities with excellent results 
in the shrubberies, large spaces not being an absolute neces¬ 
sity. 
Brown. —The majority have brown, stems, and Spiraea Doug- 
lasii stands 'out conspicuously ais the bast of these. If pruned 
annually to the ground at the end of March, it then forms 
a dense mass of deep colour about 4 ft. in height. 
Forsytliia. suspensa. is also remarkably fine in a mass, a little 
paler in colour than the preceding, and only needs lightly cut¬ 
ting- back. Spiraea japonica should be treated in the same way 
as S. Dougla.sii, the massive heads of flower being by no means 
the least conspicuous part. Spiraea canescens, also splendid 
for massing, should be pruned to the ground annually. The 
same may be said of the Snowberry, Symphoricarpus racemosa, 
which is one of the best when freely laden, with its large white 
fruits. Aronia. floribunda, though seldom seen, is one of our 
finest shrubs, and deserves to be largely cultivated, either as 
a flowering shrub or for its magnificent tints in autumn, and 
the young wood assumes a reddish-brown tint distinct from all 
other's. 
Hydrangea paniculate grandiflora, when pruned hard back 
annually in spring, produces immense heads of flower, which 
remain on 'the plant, and these, with the brown bark, have 
a very pleasing appearance. Fuchsia Riocartoni is a deep 
brown in colour, fine for massing, and when pruned to the 
ground in spring forms a dense growth about. 3 ft. in height. 
Beriberis vulgaris can. be grown into a specimen or used for 
bedding, the light stems and bright scarlet berries being most 
effective. Other good shrubsi of this colour are Deutzia 
crenate, Neillix opulifolia, a,urea, Rubus canadensis rosea, Rhus 
typhina, Rosa rugbsa., Tamarix japonica, and Rib-es sanguineum. 
Red.—The scarlet Dogwood, Cornus sanguinea, is perhaps 
the best of this colour, and in a large bed is a glorious sight, 
especially if the ground is covered with snow. Should be 
pruned to the base in spring. 
Cornus sanguinea, variegaia should be treated in the same 
way, and is much smaller in every way than the preceding. 
This has many shoots 1 , a. bright scarlet in colour, which are 
very attractive. Cornus sanguinea .atrosanguinea. also ha.si this 
peculiarity, and is a strong grower. There are two very fine 
Rubus species with red stems, namely, R. phoenioolasius, 
which ds .thickly clothed with spines, and R. crataegifolius, with 
smooth stems. Both should have the old shoots taken out 
annually. Sa.lix alba britzensis is the brightest of the Willows, 
and to retain its high-colouring needs to he cut to the base in 
spring. Roisa alpina, pyrenaiea, a small grower, is effective 
when pegged down, the stems being thickly clothed with red¬ 
dish-purple spines. 
Green. —The best of this colour is undoubtedly Leycesteria 
formoisia, which I have before described. Others of great value 
are Iverria japonica. and the variegated form, Spartium jun- 
ceum, Coriaria myrtifolia, and Euonvmus europaeus, which 
carries immense quantities of berries. 
Yellow.- —Acer Xegundo albo-variegata has many pale yellow 
young shoots. Fraxinus excelsior a.urea, Salix-Jaune des Ar¬ 
dennes, Cornus alba fla-viramea, and the common golden-barked 
Willow, or golden Osier. 
White, —Lyeium barbatum, Eleagnus parvifolia, with very 
attractive silvery-white stems, and Dimorpbanthus mandschuri- 
cus brownish-white. Rubus leucodermis is fine when it suc¬ 
ceeds well. 
Purple and Plum. —Salix incana, Salix grandiflora moschata, 
S. purpurea. A. E. Thatcher. 
Aldenham House Gardens, El-Tree. 
Among the Orchids. 
Seasonable Notes. —Calanthes of the deciduous section as 
they pass out of flower will require to be put under resting 
conditions. Although it is not necessary to remove them from 
the house in which they have dowered, they should be placed 
on a shelf or in some position where they may obtain the 
maximum amount of bright light, water being entirely with¬ 
held. If it- becomes a case of accommodation, turn the pseudo- 
bulbs out of the pots, remove the potting compost about the 
roots, then, place a quantity together in a. box, making them 
firm by packing some old moss or other diy material about 
them. The box may then be placed in a light position, of the 
stove or removed, if desirable, to cooler but, dry conditions 
until it is desirable to restart, them into 1 active growth. 
Dendrobiums. — The deciduous: Dendrobiums are now in 
the majority of cases showing their flowers from the nodes on 
the pseudo-bulbs opposite from where the leaf has been borne. 
With seasons like the past summer and autumn, where the 
lack of sunshine was SO' severely felt in, assisting to ripen the 
growths, there is naturally a, greater tendency for the plants to 
produce growth shoots instead of flowers. To avoid this as 
much as passible, I find it is desirable not, to attempt to excite 
the plants more than is absolutely necessary, but permit them 
to come on, as naturally as possible. It is far better to procure 
a, satisfactory flowering a few weeks later than to attempt to 
force the flower-buds and to find in the end the disappointment 
of having growths emitting young roots instead of expanding 
their flower buds. Keep the house as cool and dry as possible 
for the next three or four weeks, after which the days will be 
getting out and the plants may with safety receive more liberal 
treatment; and with the brighter conditions prevailing the 
flowers expand with greater substance and the natural tints 
are also better developed. 
The plants should be overhauled at the present season, before 
tire flower-bud® are too far developed for scale or other insect 
pests that may be possibly about them. Cleansing the plants 
now will save a, good deal of labour and inconvenience, for if 
left, until the repotting season arrives, time is then so fully 
occupied that cleansing matters are not, so easily attended to. 
Coelogynei cristata, in its various forms having their flower- 
scapes^ in a prominent condition, will require the necessary en¬ 
couragement to enable the plants to- develop their flowers. 
Care must now be taken when, fumigating the house® to re¬ 
move the plants developing flower-sheaths. There are only 
two or three Orchids that are affected by the use of vapour¬ 
ising fumigabors, this, species being one of them. If the plants 
are permitted to-remain in the house at the time of fumigation, 
I find that in, a, few days the flower-scapes turn! black and 
decay sets in in the same manner ns the effect of dense fogs 
in. the immediate neighbourhood of Loudon. It, is not. a grea.t 
difficulty to remove even, large, specimens for one night rather 
than risk possible destruction of the reward of a. year's work. 
Phaiius simulans and P. tuberculosusi now developing their 
flower-scapes will require liberal treatment until the flowers 
are removed. Sponge the foliage occasionally, a.s with the 
fire-heat requirements at the present season red spider gen- 
rally make their appearance, and they are the greatest* pest. 
