456 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
the soil. If the border has been in such a condition for any 
length of time, the chances are that the proper roots are decayed. 
You need not cut off the roots, as they will do no particular 
harm, but die away in the autumn, or, at all events, they may 
be cut off them. In the meantime you should examine the 
state of the border and the roots to see in what condition they 
are. It would not be advisable to disturb them much at this 
period, but you might rectify the border to some extent by see¬ 
ing that the drain has a proper outlet, and that all superfluous 
moisture can drain away. Some time in September the whole of 
the soil of the border might be taken out and replaced by fresh 
material if it is really in a bad condition at present. This work 
should be quickly performed, and the fresh material put in at 
once, and if sunshine is present you must shade the house during 
the whole operation and for a day or two after until the roots 
begin to take a fresh hold. 
Mulching Raspberries. 
Some time ago you had an article in The Gardening World 
about the value of mulching Raspberries. Would you be good 
enough to say when this should be done ? Would grass mowings 
be suitable for this purpose 1 If so, what depth would be neces¬ 
sary ? (T. G. H.) 
Grass mowings would be very suitable for the purpose,, and 
you can commence mulching the ground at once. It need not 
be of any particular depth to commence with, but may have a 
coat all over the ground at once. When the grass is again mown 
you can add another coating, and so on until the layer of grass 
is about 3 in. in depth. That we should think would be quite 
suitable and sufficient for the purpose, because the repeated 
layers of grass will settle down very closely. Even 2 in. would 
be quite enough, as the line grass makes a very close layer ; it 
will at the same time furnish some little food for the plants. 
Provided we have a wet season you may err in having a thin 
layer rather than a thick one, which would thus allow what 
sun we get to warm the ground, and thus serve to ripen the fruit 
and make good canes. 
Transplanting Doronicums. 
What is the best time to break up and transplant Doronicum 
plantagineum ? The plants have been in bloom for a long time, 
but by the time they have finished dry weather may set in, and 
our soil gets very dry, so that the roots and foliage would be 
sure to suffer if disturbed at that time! (Doronicum. ) 
If strong plants are your object, it would be worth your while 
to transplant or break up the clumps once a year. A very suit¬ 
able time for this purpose would be in September, when you 
may get. autumn rains, The soil would be in first-class condi¬ 
tion, and the plants would begin to re-establish themselves at 
once and even to grow, so that they would practically establish 
themselves long before winter. The pieces could also be broken 
up in March, but as that would delay their flowering period, we 
should prefer September or the beginning of October. 
Young Apple Trees Eaten. 
I send you some specimens of young Apple shoots, which have 
been gnawed by some insect or other pest, to see if you can tell 
me what is likely to have done it, and what I should do to stop 
it. (T. M.) 
There are several beetles which attack the Apple and allied 
trees, and very likely the one that has been destroying the young 
shoots of your Apple trees was Phyllobius oblongus, which is 
one of the more common.- Your best plan would be to spread 
white sheets under the trees just before leaving off work in the 
evening. After dark you should go round with a lantern and 
turn the light upon the trees over the sheets. The branches may 
also be shaken, and this will cause the beetles to drop on the 
sheets below. You can then secure them before they have time 
to escape by searching the sheets with the lantern. This might 
be done on several successive nights, and you will soon reduce 
or exterminate the pest by this simple though troublesome 
means. 
Names of Plants. 
(T. R.) Fritillaria Imperialis, the Crown Imperial.—(G. C.) 
1, Centaurea montana 2, Lunaria annua ; 3, Hesperis 
matronal is ; 4, Euphorbia Cyparissias ; 5, Iris germanica ; 6, 
Fritillaria Meleagris.—(T. W.) 1, Miltonia Roezlii ; 2, Oncidium 
leucochilum ; 3, Oncidium sarcodes ; 4, Cypripedium barbatum 
Crossii ; 5, Odontoglossum andersonianum ; 6, Cattleva 
Mendelii, a fairly good variety.—(R. W. W.) 1, Pyrus flori- 
bunda ; 2, Syringa persica ; 3, Cytisus scoparius andreanus ; 
4, Cytisus purpurens ; 5, Prunus cerasifera atropurpurea.— 
(E. A. R.) 1, Boronia heterophylla ; 2, Begonia metallica ; 3, 
Nephrolepis davallioides furcans; 4, Nephrolepis Duffii 5, 
Cytisus prolificus ; 6, Coronilla glauca ; 7, Sparmannia africana. 
—(B. W. F.) 1, Sedum acre aureum ; 2, Saxifraga hirta; 3 
Veronica repens ; 4, Saxifraga Sibthorpii ; 5, Rubus arcticus.— 
<W. Renton) 1, not recognised ; 2, Pellionia da.vauana ; 3, Til- 
landsia Lindeni ; 4, Zebi'ina pendula.—E. W. 1, Oxalis flori- 
bunda; 2, Saxifraga Aizoon minor; 3, Centaurea montana ■ 4, 
Helleborus orientalis ; 5, Trollius asiaticus. 
Communications Received. 
W. R. Meditation.—Jas. Bethel.—Wm. Jas. Penton.—S 
Ager.—A. Middleton.—J. R. Allan.—J. W. J.—W. F.—h' 
Hindson.—J. B.—F. M. Wells.—Thomas Andrew.—T. B. J.— 
A. R. W.—H. H.—R. W.—A. R. B.—C. T.—E. M. W.—T S 
Edwin Beckett.—T. W. Dollery.—W. F.—W. J. Penton.— 
O. B. G. B. L.—J. P. Dickson.—Webb and Sons.—David 
Mitchell.—J a®. Bethel. 
Obituary. 
Mr. P. M‘Arthur. 
At the ripe old age of 83, Mr. Peter M’Arthur, for thirty years 
gardener to Sir John Leng, M.P., Kinbrae, Newport, Fifeshire, 
passed away on the 18th inst. 
Mr. Thos. Smith. 
The death has occurred at Blackpark, Stranraer, N. B., of 
Mr. Thomas Smith, famed throughout the United Kingdom as 
a grower of Roses. He was the oldest nurseryman in Scotland, 
and was in his eighty-fourth year. 
Mr. David Lindsay. 
Mr. David Lindsay, gardener, of Broughty Ferry, Dundee, 
passed away suddenly on the 12th inst. 
Fixtures for 1904. 
MAY. 
31st.—Essex Agricultural (two days). Temple Show of the 
R.H.S. (three days). 
JUNE. 
2nd.—Huntingdon Horticultural 28th.—R.H.S. 
Society. 
14th.—R.H.S. 29th.—Farnham Rose Assoia- 
22nd.—Scottish Pansy and Viola tion. 
Association. , • 
CONTENTS OF THIS WEEK. 
PAGE 
Arabia aubrietioides . 443 
Arundinari,a japonica . 448 
Asparagus, cheap. 453 
Bed, an ornamental. 450 
Calceolaria, herbaceous . 450 
Cymbidium lowio-eburneum 
concolor . 443 
Death from an Orange pip... 452 
Ducks in the garden. 442 
Eucalyptus, the. . 4i2 
Flower garden, the . 441 
Fritillaria Elwesii. 443 
Fruit, hardy . 440 
Gardeners’ Association, the 
British. 442 
Hardy plants, notes on . 441 
Heaths, the tree . 440 
Memorabilia for young gar¬ 
deners .. 446 
News of the week. 453 
Obituary. 450 
Orchids, among the. 440 
Palm in Madagascar, valu¬ 
able . 453 
Potitos, gold in . 453 
Primroses and Polyanthuses 450 
PAGE 
Questions and answers . 454 
Seeds . 441 
Societies : 
Manchester Hoiticullural 
and Botanical . 451 
National Tulip . 451 
Society and association 
notes. 452 
Tomato, the cultivation of 
th j . 44 
Trees, Canada’s great. 453 
Tulips, a galaxy of . 447 
Tulips at Long IlittoD, May 444 
Under-gardeners and the 
Gardeners’ Association ... 412 
Vines, the vinery for the ... 449 
Window-l) x gardening . 449 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
Arabia aubrietioides. 443 
Arundinaria japonica (see 
Supplement). 
Cymbi.limn lowio-eburneum 
concolor . 449 
Fritillaria Elwesii). 445 
