498 
the gardening world, 
June 11, 1904. 
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 
The Editor invites enquiries for reply in this column. These 
enquiries may cover any branch of gardening. Questions should be 
put as briefly as possible, and written on one side of the paper only ; 
a separate sheet of paper should be used for each question. . 
Readers are also invited to give their fellow gardeners the benefit 
of their experience by sending supplementary replies. 
Replies cannot be sent by post, even if a stamped, addressed 
envelope is enclosed, and the return of specimens cannot be undertaken. 
Anonymous communications are treated in the usual editorial manner. 
Address letters : The Editor, “The Gardening World, 37 and 
38, Shoe Lane, London, E.C. 
Fruit of Peach Spotted. 
I have sent, you a specimen of the fruit from a Peach tree, ancl 
I would be greatly obliged if yon could let me know m one of the 
issues of The Gardening World what is the cause of the spot, 
on the fruit, and also a cure for them, if any. Some gardeners 
who have seen them s-ay that it is mildew, but- I am not of that 
opinion, because it is hardly seen on the. foliage of the leach. 
The house they .are grown in is not. heated, but. has a splendic 
exposure, and l am told that. the. drainage was put right last year. 
Hoping that you can put an end to a small argument and that i 
am not troubling you. (R. T.) 
You are quite right in supposing that the spots were not caused 
by mildew, as they were of a different, colour, being now grey and 
slightly tinted with pale brown. It .is due to a fungus named 
Glaeosporium laeticolor. The fungus grows by pushing out 
threads or hyphae over the surface of the Peach .and interlacing 
amongst the down on the skin. We are afraid that sulphur will 
not destroy it in the same way as it would mildew, because some 
portions of the fungus get into the interior of the-fruit where you 
cannot attack it. As you say the house is unheated, it is just 
possible, that, the atmosphere is kept too. moist. This you could 
regulate by ventilation and by not. spilling-water about the house 
if there happens to be plants growing in it. Your safest plan will 
be to gather all the fruit® that are now spotted and burn them 
because the spots will continue to get worse, and the fruits will 
he valueless by the time they are ripe. 
Gardeners’ Prospects in South Africa, 
Could you give me any information as regards the prospects in 
South Africa for gardeners regarding work, wages, living, etc.? 
(•J. T.) 
There are some good gardens in the South, say in Cape Colony, 
hut more particularly near Cape Town. The other parts of Africa 
are not yet sufficiently settled for gardens to have become estab¬ 
lished. The most important form of gardening for the greater 
part of Africa at the present time, would be vegetable-growing and 
fruit-growing, but before yon could commence work of that kind 
you would have to. enter some nursery or market gardening 
establishment and get accustomed to the climate and the routine 
of cultivation before embarking on your own account. In private 
gardens we .are afraid the scale of remuneration is not yet a very 
fixed quantity, as it all depends, upon the character of the few 
gardens. The best plan would be to secure a situation in some 
nursery or on some farm before leaving this country. The living 
is much higher than we are accustomed to. in Britain. 
Star of Bethlehem Diseased. 
1 send you some apparently blasted leafage of a patch of fetal 
of Bethlehem. This patch seemed to turn blackish suddenly. 
My man shook it about recently, and a dark-coloured dust flew 
about, perhaps the spores of some fungus. If so, bow can I 
destroy it? (M. M‘Laren.) 
The leaves you sent are rightly enough attacked by a fungus, 
namely, one'of the Smuts and possibly the Onion Smut 
(Eurocystis cepala.e). Unfortunately for the curing of it there 
is. none, as the fungus lives, inside the tissues, and the black or 
brown dust consists of myriads, of spores, with which you should 
be very careful. The only thing that you could have done was 
to dig' up the plants and burn them as soon as you saw the 
fungus, provided you have more of them that it would be likely 
to attack. We do not think, however, that it will spread very 
fast, unless you have a large, number of allied plants close to it. 
The fungus is not particularly common. You might, however, 
take the precautions which we mention. 
Tulips Diseased (Tulip). 
Your Tulips are very badly attacked with a- fungus known as 
Botrytis vulgaris, many of them Having had the scales quite 
destroyed by the fuflgus. As they live inside the tissues there is 
no remedy that can be taken beyond preventive measures. All 
diseased bulbs may be burnt at once as useless. They are not 
equally bad every year, even on the same ground, but we 
should advise you not to plant other Tulips or Hyacinths on the 
same ground for some years unless you dig out the soil of the 
beds and import fresh. If the bulbs are very bad you might- 
destroy the lot and get a fresh and clean supply. 
Names of Plants. 
(J. Sharp) Dicentra spectabilis or Dutchman’s Breeches.— 
(T. B.) 1, Lychnis Yiscaria splendens flore pleno ; 2, Veronica 
Teucrium dubia ; 3, Ceuta urea montana rubra; 4, Iris sibirioa; 
5, Geranium Phaeum ; 6, Euphorbia palustris.—(H. M.) 1, 
Cupressus nutkatensis ; 2, Cupressus obtusa aurea ; 3, Prunus 
cerasifera atropurpurea ; 4, Cupressus pisifera plumosa aurea; 
5. Juniperus communis fastigiata.—(R. J. W.) 1, Dendrobium 
Bensoniae ; 2, Oncidium flexuosum ; 3, Cattleya Mossiae reineck- 
iana ; 4, Cochlioda noetzliana ; 5, Cymbidium dievonianum. 
■—(A. B.) 1, Erinus alpinus albus ; 2, Iris Xiphium var. ; 3, 
Spiraea palmata ; 4, fe.a.xifraga Cochlear is ; 5, Saxifraga) 
Andrewsi ; 6, Primula capitata ; 7, Primulfy involucrata.— 
(S. H.) 1, Phlox subnlata ; 2, Phlox amoena ; 3, Campanula 
garganica hirsuta ; 4, Campanula portenschlagiana ; 5, Boronia 
elatior; 6, Hardenbergia comptoniana,—{W. A.) 1, Clematis 
montana ; 2, Rhodotypos kerrioides ; 3, Sambucus racemosa ; 
5, Symphoricarpus racemosus ; 6, Deutzia. crenata.—(R. M.) 1, 
Saxifraga cuneifolia ; 2, Nepeta Glechoma variegata; 3, Iris 
variegata var. ; 4, Lilium pyrenaicum ; 5, Lilium rubellum ; 
6, Aquilegia hybrid between A. clirysantha and A. caerulea. 
-—(T. L.) Ruscus Hypophyllum.—(T. H. B.) Embothrium coc- 
cineum.—(B.) 1, Lychnis dioica rubra plena; 2, Achillea 
rupestris ; 3, Lychnis alpina ; 4, Sedum rupestre macranthum ; 
5, Helichrysum arenarium ; 6, Lotus corniculatus ; 7, Veronica, 
gentianoides. 
Communications Received. 
W. Anstiss.—A. A. Fabius.—Nil Desperandum.—E. Mawley. 
-yj. B.-A. R, M.— F. E. W. D.—A. C.—D. R.—A. P. 
H. H. D.—P. H.—A. J.—E. S.-T. W. T— A. L.—G. H. 
Trade Notice. 
Messrs. Clay and Sons. 
Messrs. Clay and Sons, Temple Mill Lane, Stratford, E., have 
opened a City office at 68, Bishops;gate Street Within, London, 
E.C., where the principal can. be seen ’by appointment only. 
All communications should be addressed to Stratford. 
CONTENTS OF THIS WEEK. 
PAGE 
Campanula rupestris . 486 
Cattleya fetepmani . 485 
Eremurus Olgae .•. 485 
Field studies in natural his* 
tory .1. 481 
Fruit, hardy . 482 
Fruits in the United States. 485 
Gardeners’ Association 
formed, the British . 490 
Gardeners’ Association, the . 484 
Gardeners to organise. 490 
Gesnera exoniensis . 484 
Herbaceous border, the hardy 483 
Laeliocattleya digbyano— 
Mossiae W estonbirt var.... 486 
Laeliocattleya fascinator 
King Edward. 485 
Laeliocattleya Martineti 
Tring Park v-ar. 485 
Lupinus polyphyllus roseus. 486 
Odontoglossum concinnum 
laetum. 486 
Odontoglossums . 487 
Orchids, among the. 482 
Plants recently certificated . 485 
PAGE 
Potatos, the Black Scab of... 481 
Pteris Binoti. 486 
Questions and answers . 49S 
Salix repens, argentea. 490 
Saxifraga tenella . 485 
Societies : 
Royal Botanic . 493 
Royal Horticultural. 495 
Society and association 
notes. 496 
Stocks in pots . 488 
Teachers, a fortnight’s holi¬ 
day for. 481 
Temple Show, a glimpse of 
the. . 489 
Vanilla Phalaenopsis . 481 
Veitchian Cup, the . 4A5 
Wallflowers: a retrospect... 483 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
Eremurus Olgae . 487 
Salix repens argentea (see 
Supplement). 
Saxifraga tenella . 485 
Veitchian Cup, the . 491 
