une 25, 1904. 
The gardening world. 
517 
he (Jardenin^\\/forld. 
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EDITORIAL NOTES. 
e-afforesting Hamault. 
Nearly fifty years ago> Hainault Forest in 
ssex was destroyed and turned into* farm 
nd. Recently, owing to the good services 
Mr. Edward North Buxton, Foxburrow’s 
inn, a portion of the land is to he again re¬ 
afforested. The first work will be to< lay 
down the land to grass, and, with this object 
in view, the land has been under observation 
and studied by Mr. T. S. Dymond, F.I.C., 
and Mr. F. Hughes, of the Technical Labora¬ 
tories, Chelmsford, with the object of ascer¬ 
taining what would bei the most suitable 
grasses for the purpose. On all the drier 
portions of the land it was found that, the) 
greater portion of the herbage consisted of 
Sheep’s Fescue (Festuca. ovina.) and Bent 
Grass (Agrostis vulgaris). Taking these, con¬ 
siderations into view, the authors of the pam¬ 
phlet published under the auspices of the 
Essex Education Committee recommend 
9 lbs. of Sheep’s Fescue, for heavy land, and 
10 lbs 1 , of the same grass per acre for light 
land. In both instances they recommend 
7 lbs;, of the Agrostis above named. To this 
they have added smaller quantities of grasses 
usually employed by seedsmen. The object 
is to use dwarf perennial grasses, that are 
suitable for the land, and to avoid coarse 
grasses, which are usually employed in. farm¬ 
ing. A portion of the land will be. set apart 
for recreation purposes for the benefit of the 
local population, but the rest they wish to 
be as natural as possible. It seems also 
that the intention is to inoculate the land 
with pieces of natural turf, taken from ad¬ 
joining land in. the old forest. Some; land in, 
the neighbourhood of Tlieydon Bois treated 
in. this, way about, twenty years ago was a 
great success. 
—o— 
Wild Roses in America. 
Some interesting notes are. made in the) 
April number of the “American Botanist,” 
by Dr. W. H. Bailey, concerning the wild 
Roses of America. The writer evidently has 
a considerable knowledge of the wild Roles, 
but that also, applies to various other plants, 
the doctor being a very ardent field botanist 
and familiar with the highways, byways, 
hedges, and woods. He considers that the 
wild Roses become larger and more showy 
the: nearer they approach the sea-shore'. Even 
the cultivated Roses behave in this way. 
The most common. American Rose is; Rosa 
Carolina, otherwise known as the Swamp 
Rose. Another common species is Rosa 
lucida, with dark green, leaves and soft rosy- 
pink flowers. A third species; found in New 
England is Rosa blanda, and this is almost 
without prickles. The three American Roues 
named, as we have seen them in cultivation, 
are notable for the absence of wicked spimiesi 
that are so characteristic of most of the 
British Rosas, as anyone can learn for himself 
who makes an examination of them on ai 
windy day and handles them incautiously. 
Further north, on, the border of the swamps, 
is another one named 1L nitida, with shining 
leaves and single flowers of the; usual colour 
amongst, wild Roses. More interesting to us 
is the fact that Sweet Brier, or Eglantine, is 
now becoming quite naturalised, and has 
wide distribution in America. Like the rest 
of them, the flowers vary from rose to pink. 
Many of the wild plants; indigenous to Britain 
are also natives of North America, but it is 
a matter for some surprise that the Sweet 
Brier should have already taken, such posses¬ 
sion of the American continent. Wei can 
understand, however, that it originated from 
many centres, owing to its being grown in 
the; gardens of hundreds of people from the 
old country, settling in America. 
Colour Adaptation in Plants. 
In discussing the reason for so many wild 
flowers growing together by the way-sides, 
a writer in “ Science Siftings” considers it 
is not for the benefit of wayfarers of the; 
human, family, but for the herbivorous 
animals that they congregate here. He hast 
noticed that such animals crop, the grass, 
but leave the; showy and richly-ocloured 
flowers alone;. His idea is thus that the 
object of the plants in themselves in such 
situations is not to advertise themselves to 
be eaten, but to be left alone. We; cannot 
quite agree with that view, but rather prefer 
to consider that the wild plants congregate 
there especially in, districts where the neigh¬ 
bouring land is under cultivation,, for the 
simple, reason that they have been ousted in 
many cases from such land by the action of 
the plough. Many plants take a long time to 
get established, and being of slow growth and 
reproduction;, it, take®, them a. long time to 
be re-established cm the land after they have 
been ousted, if indeed it were possible for 
them ever to occupy the same laud again, at 
least while; under culture. Cultivated land i=: 
very often made distasteful to many wild] 
flowers by being made too fertile, by means 
of manure;, and otherwise rendered disagree¬ 
able to them. Furthermore, we consider 
that, the great numbers of wild flowers con¬ 
gregating there do so simply as a, last refuge 
on land in which they can grow. The herbi¬ 
vorous animals would avoid them in; pasture^ 
just a,s much as on waste' land if distasteful 
to their palates. 
The Strawberry as a Cosmetic. 
Several of our contemporaries, including 
the' “ Country Gentleman,” announce what 
to gardeners will seem a new use for the 
Strawberry. It is said that a crushed Straw¬ 
berry is excellent for whitening the teeth. 
More important, however, is the announce¬ 
ment that a Strawberry, cut in two and 
rubbed over the face, has the effect of re¬ 
moving all marks; produced by the summer 
sun, and several preparations of the Straw- 
beny are also used for similar purposes. It 
is said also that when eaten they have not 
only a healthful effect, but also a purifying 
effect upon the complexion. We should 
imagine that the effect upon the health 
would be the most important and" reliable 
idea to entertain. 
