848 
THE GARDENING WORLD . 
October 22, 1904. 
a,n early period in spring. The sequence of leave® from those 
■cf 'the scales of the resting bud to the fully developed leaf of 
the Horse Chestnut show a curious and interesting gradua¬ 
tion between one and the other, and to fully understand them 
it is as well to examine the expanding bud in spring, as well 
as the' resting one which is, less advanced. 
Very interesting are the illustrations of buds of 
Finns', owing to their having two different forms 
of leaves on the same shoot as well a® axillary 
shoots, which ape equivalent to side branches', though 
they airways remain, small in Pinius, the terminal 
ones and only a few cf the side branches becoming enlarged 
at intervals along the branch. Close examination will show 
that the primary leaves of an adult Pine are reduced to scales 
which have no other function than that of protection. The 
minute lateral shoot's: bear two, three, or five perfect leaves, 
suiToonded in their turn by a, number of scale-like sheaths, 
which are themselves leaves modified for a certain purpose. 
They are fringed at the margins so as to form a, firm lacing 
tor support and protect, the proper leaves, especially while 
young. In some species of Pinus, however, these secondary 
scales persist a,s long as the leave® themselves. These various 
forms of leaf forming the bud of Pinus are well represented 
bj 7 five illustrations. 
Another very curious instance occurs in the Spruce, where 
the outside of the' young shoot grows up, forming a firm wall 
on either side of the little cone, constituting the growing axis 
in the centre of the' bud. This of course is meant to afford 
additional strength and protection to the buds during winter. 
It may be remembered that, many of these Conifers grow ait 
high elevations', where they are exposed to' all the' winds' that 
blow. A curious point, which it will be well to remember, is 
that the scale leaves in winter are always much longer than 
those that will ultimately lengthen,, and become' green. 
The leaves of the Beech afford a very interesting lesson in 
the folding of the leaves while still in bud. The latter is also, 
very complicated on account of' the very numerous series' of 
scales, which consist, of stipules, the leaf belonging to which in 
many of the lower series never becomes developed. More 
towards the interior of the bud the leaves proper begin to 
develop, and at the same time the scales become smaller and 
thinner, forming, in fact, the well-flnown chaffy stipules of the 
Beech that fall soon, after the expansion of the leaves, and may 
be found in thousands beneath any large Beech tree. The 
scales of the Beech are arranged in four rows, in accordance 
with the arrangement of the leaves. On the other hand, the 
Oak, which is closely allied, consists of very numerous scales 
that are arranged in five ranks because the leaves of the Oak 
are thus arranged. A very interesting case is that of the 
Plane, the leaf of which forms: a sheath at the base of the 
petiole, completely covering the lateral buds with a, structure 
resembling a candle extinguisher. 
The leaf trace® sketched on page 118 show a great amount 
of variety. The author also discusses, the question: of spines, 
showing that in, the Black Thorn and Hawthorn the spines 
are really stunted branches that end in a hard point instead of 
a bud. Those of the False Acacia consist of hardened stipules, 
while those on the Barberry are shown to, be reduced leaves. 
The spines or prickles of the Dog-Rose* and Bramble are merely 
outgrowths on the surface of the bark, and have no connection 
with the wood a.s in true' spines represented by those of the 
Black Thorn. 
Gardening for the Million. 
The design of this book is similar to that of a dictionary. 
Wei have seen, one or more: books: arranged on this principle 
recently, and this one, : s rather more comprehensive inasmuch 
as it takes notice, of tender flowers as well as hardy ones, fruits 
and vegetables. It, also deals with the more, common, insects, 
so that it might, be described a® a, gardening dictionary,'though 
limited in the number of species dealt with.. The author s plan 
seems to be to ta,kei up each genus, and givei one species pre¬ 
* ‘‘Gardening for the Million." By Alfred Pink, f on Ion: P. Pisher Unwin 
Paternoster Square. All rights reserved. Price 2s. G>i. net. 
sumably what he considers the more common or the best for 
general cultivation. 
Other paragraphs deal with the genus in a general way so a,s 
to leave it open to the cultivator as to what particular species 
he may choose to grow. For instance, he deals generally with 
the subject of Cherries, describing the best soil and situation 
for trees', the time and the: manner of planting, and the subject 
of pruning in ai general way. Black fly -that, infests the Cherry 
is also! discussed, and he finishes up with a selection of the best 
varieties to grow. He deals in a, similar way with Celosias, 
Centaurea, Ceanethus, and others. Indeed, he only mentions 
a, specie® in, connection with some of the subjects discussed. 
In connection, with Cedrus he makes choice of Deodana,, as he 
considers it, the best of all Cedars for planting on the lawn. 
We do not, think that, he is perfectly happy in each selec¬ 
tion that he makes; for instance, under Calochcrtus he only 
mentions C. luteusi, whereas he might also have said that 
there were a, large number of species. We think that C. 
venust.us in its varied forms might, have been more suitable 
for ia, beginner. There 1 are also other yellow forms that are 
exceedingly handsome, including C. clavatus. In the case of 
Grasse:,:, he mentions a, number that are useful for lawns 
and pastures, while he names and distinguishes a number that 
are suitable for ornamental pm-poses, either fresh or dried. 
He even names a, number that are suitable for bouquets or 
edgings, and others that; are usually grown as plants for 
decorative purposes, whether for the sake of their leaves or 
flower heads'. 
Ornamental trees and shrubs are also taken into account 
and a, general idea of their character given. The methods of 
increasing them should be very serviceable to those having 
gardens if sufficiently skilled to take advantage of the informa¬ 
tion given. 
The author’s object, in offering this book is to stimulate 
the cultivation of gardens to a greater extent even than is at 
present the case. Ho addios-es himself chiefly to beginners 
and to those who' supervise their own gardens. Gardening 
is a, vast subject, and when on© domes to deal even with the 
generic names, if, takes a. very large and expensive^ book to 
allow of a, lengthy story in connection with each, but th «2 
who master this: book and are still yearning for more in¬ 
formation, will be enthusiastic enough to go for more ex¬ 
haustive' and 1 more costly hooks. 
Rose Lady White. 
[See Supplement.) 
The above: handsome Rose is a, seedling from Rosa, maerantha, 
and that again was a garden form derived from R. gallica x 
canina. The latter has been, in cultivation for a number of years, 
though the variety we now describe is of more recent origin, 
having been put into 1 commerce, by Mr. C. Turner, of Slough, 
in 1902. The flowers are described as semi-double and white, 
tinted with pink. The petals are very broad and smooth, so* 
that when in full bloom the variety has a very handsome ap¬ 
pearance. Though described as a semi-double, the 'supernu¬ 
merary petal® are relatively few, sc that, flowers appear single, 
leaving the great, brush of stamens quite exposed in the centre, 
and some of the blooms nrei really single 1 . 
As the parent, is' well known ito have flowers of large size, the 
blooms in this instance are, in no way smaller, so that it takes 
rank as a, garden Rose of gret value. The plant is of vigor¬ 
ous mow th and flowers are produced with great freedom. In 
the: matter of cultivation the variety requires no special treat¬ 
ment, and will thrive where the ordinary forms of R. gallica 
or Hybrid Peirpetuals succeed. 
Our supplementary illustration was prepared from a, photo¬ 
graph of a bunch in the first, prize exhibit of eighteen hunches 
cf garden Roses by an, amateur at the grand exhibition of 
Roses held by the National Rose Society in the Inner Temple 
Gardens on, July 6,th last. The winner in this instance was 
Mr. W. Meats©, gardener to Alfred Tate, Esq., Downside, 
Leather-head. He was: an easy first, having splendidly flowered 
bunches of eighteen distinct garden Roses. 
