November 12 , 1904. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
921 
Pot Vines. 
Undea- the above beading Vines grown in this manner serve 
a twofold purpose. First, those intended for permanent plant¬ 
ing ; secondly, those that are for fruiting in pots for early 
work, and these my few remark® will .chiefly allude to. 1 
am a little late in writing for early work, .but. for subsequent 
supplies it may be more suitable. By skilful management 
and the command of a. properly heated structure, thoroughly 
fresh and well-ripened Grapes may l>e had from, the end of 
March until we ma,y expect them from the planted out Vines. 
Many people doi not care for the thick-skinned Grapes, which 
is such a necessity for those to be kept any length of time after 
being ripe. In some establishments where large quantities are 
required early forcing is the only method whereby the supply 
may be kept up. Again, where there are but. few vineries, it 
is not at a.ll advisable to force soi hard permanently planted 
Vines. 
The best, varieties for pot. work are Foster’s Seedling and 
Black Hamburgh; for rather better quality, AVhite Frontdgnan 
and Madresfield 'Court. To start with good canes is essential, 
which should be well ripened, plump-eyed, and duly rested, 
and pinned a month before being introduced into heat, if 
possible, as without such we cannot expect good fruit, from 
poor canes. I may add there is more art in preparing a 
cane for forcing than forcing a cane for fruit. A low span- 
roofed house is best, with beds running lengthways, supple¬ 
mented by bottom and top heat to keep up the requisite tem¬ 
perature. Stand the Vines on pedestals made up of loose 
bricks to the level of the bed, about two feet apart. Depress 
the Vines till an even break is secured. Fill the bed lightly 
with materials as for a. hot. bed. Fill up, and ram to pot level 
later on, to supplement heat. An even temperature of about. 
50 deg. for the first fortnight should be obtained. 
To have Grapes ripe- by the end of March, the Vines should 
be in position by the middle of October, and started Novem¬ 
ber 1st; in April, the middle of November, and force December 
1st; in May, in position middle of December, and force by the 
New Year. Damp the canes morning and afternoon when 
suitable conditions exist outside, and the. general management 
is precisely the, same as for planted-out Vine®. Commence 
forcing at about 55 deg. to 65 deg., rising 5 deg. all round, 
night and day when the buds break. When in full leaf and 
nearing the flowering stage' about TO de.g. or thereabouts should 
he obtained. When set lower again to 65 deg. at night 
until the Grapes are ripe. But a rise of 10 deg. to 15 deg by 
sun heat will be beneficial at all time®. Air by means of 
top ventilators on favourable occasions, especially when colour¬ 
ing. Water must be carefully applied at first when, in full 
leaf, an$ later on copious supplies will be required. When the 
fruit is set, manure water should be applied periodically, and 
supplemented by a rich top-dressing of loam, sweetened horse 
droppings, a sprinkling of soot, wood ashes, and hone super¬ 
phosphate, remembering that all manures given should be of 
a -soluble nature and easily taken up for immediate effects. 
Given a genial atmosphere, avoid over-cropping and checks. 
Grapes with good colour and highly-flavoured can thus he 
obtained. \ g_ 
Chrysanthemum Salad. —It is no new idea to use the florets of 
Chrysanthemums for the purpose of making salad. Every 
year when the fever is at its height there is a recrudescence of 
attempt, to dish up a new salad of the favourite flower. It is 
now said the delicacy will speedily become popular. The 
Duchess of Sutherland, a magnificent tousled mop of petals thirty 
inches in circumference/is one of the best varieties for salad pur¬ 
poses. Two blooms, making sufficient salad for six persons, cost 
about Is. 2d., and the whole sal-ad would cost but eigliteenpence. 
The petals are pulled oif and mixed in the bowl, and a few Rose 
or Violet leaves dropped in add to the appearance. White Chry¬ 
santhemums are best, as the coloured varieties look rather 
messy ” when mixed with oil and vinegar. The flavour is by 
no means insipid, for the flower lias a well-marked, delicate taste- 
Society & Association Notes. 
The Royal Horticultural Society has been awarded a Grand 
Prize by the International Jury at the St. Louis Exhibition for 
their exhibit of copies of the Society's “ Journal,” in Group 105. 
* * * 
Royal Gardeners Orphan Fund. —We understand that the 
seventeenth annual dinner of this fund has been arranged to 
take place at the Hotel Cecil, Strand, W.C., on Thursday, May 
11th, 1905, upon which occasion the Right Hon. the Earl of 
Mansfield has kindly consented to preside. 
* *■ * 
Beckenham Horticultural Society. —On Friday, October 
28th, at the above society, Mr. Hawes, R.B.S., gave a lecture 
The A alue of Botany to Gardeners. ' Mr. Watson was in 
the chair. Mr. Hawes gave illustrations by the aid of the 
lantern, and the very clear way lie explained the illustrations 
to the members was greatly appreciated. Mr. Watson, who 
occupied the chair, kindly gives lessons on alternate Fridays 
on botany and bow to cut and mount specimens for the micro¬ 
scope, so that to those members who attend the class the lec¬ 
ture must have been very interesting. 
* * * 
Royal Horticultural Society. —The following are the dates 
fixed for the meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society during 
1905 January 3rd, 24th; February 14th, 28th; March 14th, 
28th; and March 30th—April 1st (second Colonial Fruit and 
Vegetable Show); April 11th, 25th; May 9th, 23rd ; May 30th— 
June 1st (Temple); June 20th; July 4th, 18th ; August-1st 15th, 
29th; September 12th, 26th ; October 10th—12th (British Fruit); 
October 24t-h; November 7th, 21st; December 5th, 19th. The 
dates of the Auricula-, Carnation, Tulip, Autumn Rose, and 
Autumn Ve-getable Shows are not yet decided. The first Colonial 
I ruit and AAget-ablei Show, with British, Colonial, and foreign 
.jam and bottled and preserved fruits, will take place on Decem¬ 
ber 13th and 14th, 1904. 
* * * 
Gardeners’ Royal Benevolent Institution. — The sixth 
annual concert in aid of the above charity will take place on 
November 17th in the- Constitutional Hall, Chertsey, Surrey, at 
8 p.m. Air. A. J. Brown, the hon. local secretary, Jessamine 
Cottage, Cbertsey, lias the honour o-f drawing attention to- the 
excellent work which the institution is doing both in the locality 
and throughout the kingdom. Lord and Lady Lucan, Lord and 
Lady Bingham, and the High Sheriff of Surrey and Lady Stem 
have promised their support at the concert, 'whilst Air. A. J. 
Mullens, of Roxbury, Ohertsey, has sent- a cheque for £5 in- aid 
of the institution. An excellent musical programme has been 
filled up by talented artistes who are well known in the district. 
AH who intend supporting the concert- in aid of this excellent, 
national charity should communicate with Mr. A. J. Brown. 
The prices of tickets are: Numbered and reserved, 3s., four for 
10s. 6d. ; reserved, 2?. ; unreserved, Is. . 
* * ■* 
Dundee Horticultural Association. —Lecturing to the 
members of the Dundee Horticultural Association in the Tech¬ 
nical Institute on Tuesday, -the 1st inst., on “The Gardeners’ 
Education and General Equipment,” Mr. Charles- Comfort, 
Bloomfield Gardens, Davidson’s Mains, Midlothian, said that 
those who would pursue gardening with true success must have 
some considerable knowledge both of science and of art. Under 
the existing circumstances, however, many “ undesirables ” were 
attracted to gardening. He advocated that prospective gardeners 
should attend for a session at least a good secondary school, 
devoting -their studies to chemistry, drawing, botany, etc. 
Among tlie other essentials to a successful gardener were obedi¬ 
ence, courtesy, and industry. The young gardener’s aim should 
be to make himself thoroughly acquainted with every branch of 
his calling. He cautioned young journeymen from rushing into 
head gardeners’ positions. It was a natural and worthy ambi¬ 
tion to have charge of a large establishment, but if they would 
attain the fullest, success they should try to get a situation with 
an employer who was able to provide the necessary resources 
for the establishment, no matter how great or small it was. A 
fatal mistake of the newly-appointed head gardener was to sup¬ 
pose that his studies ceased on his promotion. It was only then 
that many of them could be pursued with full advantage. His 
previous theoretical study should be tested by practice, and, if 
need be, rejected or modified. The lecture was highly appre¬ 
ciated by the members present, and evoked considerable discus¬ 
sion. The president, Mr. R. Cairns, brought forward a bright 
and interesting display of border flowers, rarely seen at Ibis 
season. Mr. William Nicoll, Farington Hall Gardens, in 
