58 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
January 21, 1905. 
close till a temperature of 45 deg. to 50 deg. F. is obtained. 
Remove the lights every morning to dissipate moisture, and 
during very bright weather a spray overhead is necessary to 
prevent flagging. In about three weeks cuttings will be 
rooted, a few will take longer. They should then be gradually 
given more air, and finally inured to all air and sunshine, 
but draughts should be guarded against. When roots are 
freely running round the sides of pots, a further potting will 
be necessary to prevent young plants becoming stunted, and 
a better compost for this operation will be more advantageous, 
which should consist of two parts loam, one part half decayed 
leaf mould, one part sweetened horse droppings, one part silver 
sand, and a sprinkling each of soot, lime rubble, and a little 
bone meal; thoroughly mix the whole. 
Plants should be carefully turned out of the pots and divided 
up. Pot them into 60-pots singly. Press soil firmly with 
the fingers, place in a frame, and keep close for a few days, 
and syringe occasionally during- bright weather, and when 
established they should have all the sun and air possible. 
Towards the end of April plants may be stood outside upon 
a bed of coarse ashes, but a framework of light wood for 
protecting material to be thrown over during cold winds and 
frost will have to be resorted to. The next shift for them 
will be into 48's. The compost may consist of four parts loam, 
one part leaf mould, one part dried cow manure, one part 
sand, a sprinkling of quarter-inch bones, soot, lime rubble, 
and any well-known fertiliser. Thoroughly incorporate, and 
prepare a week or so before wanted. When potted place in 
position as before, dew over occasionally, and when grown to 
the requisite height they should be stopped as before stated. 
During May, with increased light and sunshine, plants will 
be growing rapidly. The final potting will soon be calling 
our attention. As it is necessary to have soil mixed some 
time before using it is advisable for us to look ahead. 
Pots should be carefully cleaned, and all things necessary for 
the final potting should be at hand. About June the plants 
will be ready for their large pots, and the soil should be of 
more substantial nature. It might consist of four parts loam, 
on 7 ; leaf soil, half decayed, one part dried cow manure, one 
part sand or road drift, and, a good dressing of soot, lime 
rubble, bone, superphosphate, wood ashes, and charcoal. 
Thoroughly mix, and stack in shed some weeks before using. 
This I have found a good soil for bush ’Mums. 
When the pots are getting filled with roots, watering with 
liquid manure will be necessary, weak doses of soot, sheep or 
cow manure, and an occasional watering of some approved 
artificial given more frequently, and of a stronger nature 
as time goes on, until flowers are fast opening, when clear 
water should only be given. At the final potting, soil should 
be rammed firmly with a rammer, leaving 1| in. for water, 
as top dressing is rarely practised for bush plants, but copious 
supplies of water will be required during hot weather. When 
stood in summer quarters plenty of room must be given for 
the purposes of growing, watering and tying, and light and 
air to circulate around. A strong, neat stake should be in¬ 
serted in centre of pot, tied to a wire strained between up¬ 
rights, to prevent plants being blown about during rough 
weather, and a good syringing after a hot day will be bene¬ 
ficial. 
A suitable list of plants for early cutting consists of 
Horace Martin, Godfrey’s Pet, Mme. Liger, Ligneau, Mychett 
White, Dore’s Peto, White Quintus, Goacher’s Crimson, Crim¬ 
son Marie Masse, Orange Masse, Ryecroft Pink, Mrs. Wing¬ 
field, Mrs. George Hill, and Rabbie Burns. Best singles to 
flower from October to January include Miss Rose, Miss Mary 
Anderson, Crimson Gem, Disraeli, Earlswood Beauty, Clibran’s 
Terra-cotta, Dorothy, Earlswood Terra-cotta, Edith Pagram, 
Emily Wells, Golden Star, Mrs. Brown Potter, Oldfield Glory, 
Elsie Neville, Emily Clibran, Herbert Henderson, Lady E. 
Churchill, and Sir R. Buller. A list of varieties for cutting 
include (Japs), Soleil d'Octobre, Soeur Melaine, Source d'Or, 
Tokio, Cullingfordi, W. Holmes, Lady Hanham, Mrs. J. C. 
Neville, W. R. Church, Princess Victoria, Golden Princess 
Victoria, W. H. Lincoln, Mme. Phillip© Rivoire, Niveus, 
Yellow Niveus, Mabel Morgan, Golden Gate, R. H. Pearson, 
and L. Canning. It should be particularly noticed that L. 
Canning should not be fed before the bloom buds are well 
advanced, as by so doing they continue to grow, and never 
flower so satisfactorily. 
Plants should be housed before the early frosts make their 
appearance, especially so the early sorts. But the late varie¬ 
ties may be kept out of doors much later, covered up at night 
by some protecting material, to retard them, whereby a longer 
succession of bloom may be had. When plants are housed 
vaporise them on a quiet night. Air should be admitted 
whenever favourable, with enough fire heat to dispel damp ; 
and what watering is done should be given in the-morning. 
A. G. S. 
The Horticultural Club. 
The usual monthly dinner of this club was held at the Hotel 
Windsor on Tuesday, the 3rd inst., when Sir John Llewellyn, 
Bart., took the chair, and a good muster of members and 
guests assembled to hear the subsequent chat, rather than 
lecture, of Mr. Joseph Cheal, entitled “Talks on a Journey to 
Egypt: and Syria,” illustrated by numerous lantern slides. 
Unfortunately, the generally dry and desert character of the 
region traversed by Mr. Cheal detracted inevitably to some 
extent from its horticultural or botanical interest, but this 
element was by no means altogether absent, since the cele¬ 
brated home of the Lebanon Cedars was visited, and some very 
interesting photographs were shown in this connection, while 
Mr. Cheal remarked that the generally received idea that but 
few remained in the original habitat of these magnificent trees 
was erroneous, since many thousands still remain on the 
Lebanon slopes in the district he visited, and many also in 
another and distant one. The chief enemy to the trees appears 
to be the goats, which destroy' the seedlings, and although 
steps are said to have been taken to protect them by the 
Turkish Government, these steps are too much on the vague 
and uncertain Turkish lines to be of much avail. 
Some specially interesting slides illustrated the culture of 
the Mulberry tree in the silk-producing districts. Here the 
mountain slopes are covered with rudely built terraces, con¬ 
structed of alternate banks of stone and beds of soil, in which 
the trees are grown in rows and kept cut so hard back as to 
be little more than standard bushes. The White Mulberry 
appears to be the prevalent kind, only a few of the red variety 
being grown for dessert purposes. 
The Date Palm is another and very important staple, and it 
has been said that a. single Palm will support a man by its 
produce, it being, however, borne in mind that the needs of the 
man in question are orientally meagre. Locust trees, a 
splendid specimen of the Banyan, antique and weird Olive 
trees, huge Opuntias, with pseudo-leaves as big as tennis bats, 
Bougainvilleas of most luxuriantly rampant growth, , and an 
extremely curious tree called the Cucumber tree, with long, 
cucumber-like, but hard and leathery fruits, suspended on 
6 ft. to 8 ft. stalks, all figured on the screen, intermingled with 
Oriental landscapes and scenes embracing camels, Arabs, 
ancient rock inscriptions, primitive ploughs, native methods 
of irrigation and cookery, etc., culminating in a swarm of 
locusts covering the ground and the herbage thereon like a 
veritable insect blizzard. 
An interesting fact in connection with the extremely rudei 
methods of irrigation in vogue, consisting of wooden wheels, 
with loosely attached earthen jars suspended by rough cordage, 
was that several attempts had been made to improve this by 
modem machinery, but all in vain, for the reason that no 
facilities existed for inevitable repairs of iron work, while the 
primitive apparatus could be always and immediately repaired 
on the spot by the natives themselves at comparatively no 
expense. 
Some views of Jerusalem and other places mentioned in 
Holy Writ were also shown, and as Mr. Cheat's visit was con¬ 
nected with some mission work in Syria, he was able to accom¬ 
pany their exhibition with many interesting remarks. No 
