204 
THE GARDENING WORLD . 
March 11, 1905. 
the pruned busli while carefully reading over the instructions 
any grower of ordinary intelligence would be able to operate 
upon his own Roses of the class under consideration. 
When in doubt as to which method of pruning should be 
adopted, he has only to refer to the list of Roses at the end of 
the book, where the instruction and the page will be indicated. 
Taking it altogether, this method of instruction could scarcely 
be made more simple or take less time to find how a certain 
Rose should be pruned, and to put it into practice. 
Instruction II. refers to the same class of Roses as above 
mentioned, but in this instance they are to be pruned for 
garden purposes. High quality of the individual blooms 's 
not the aim in this case, so that less pruning is required. After 
giving simple instructions for this purpose with the same Rose 
bush as shown in Plate I., the third plate is marked in such 
a way that the reader can see how much he is advised to 
remove. The object in pruning Roses for garden purposes is 
to get a larger bush with a greater number of blooms, and such 
being the case, it is the cultivator’s object to get a bush of 
better shape than that intended for exhibition, and he prunes 
accordingly, leaving more shoots, and at a greater length. 
Instruction III. deals with the same classes of Roses as in 
the two previous cases. It refers to those varieties of Roses 
which need less severe pruning for exhibition purposes than 
in the first note. It is well known to those who grow Hybrid 
Perpetual Roses that some of them are very strong growers 
and others are weak. Then these separate notes with the 
necessary instructions may be followed by reference again to 
the list of Roses to discover how they ought to be pruned. 
Instruction IV. deals with the same classes of Roses that 
require moderate pruning for garden purposes, that is for 
ordinary garden decoration. 
The above classes of Roses contain varieties that require 
vet another method of pruning, dealt with in Instruction V. 
This is termed light pruning for exhibition purposes. Instruc¬ 
tion VI. deals with a successive set, which require light pruning 
for garden purposes. Each of them is listed by the methods 
already described, differing only to meet the individual cases 
of the varieties referred to the’respective methods. 
Climbing Roses are dealt with under such a heading as 
Hybrid Perpetuals, Hybrid Teas, and Teas, amongst each of 
which there are varieties, which are classed amongst climbers 
by virtue of their habit or the length of their stems. Plate 
10 shows a climbing Rose as it grew, but after the fall of the 
leaf. The following picture shows how this same climber 
should be pruned. As here shown, it would be very difficult 
to <iive instructions in writing that could be followed. The 
pictures come in handy, being a graphic method of showing 
how the experienced rosarian would deal with such bushes. 
Even after it is pruned it has no resemblance to one pruned 
for exhibition purposes, the object being to allow the variety 
to attain its natural height, and to prune it in such a way 
that it will flower well during the succeeding summer. 
A very good lrint with regard to the necessity of pruning 
Roses is" given in the introductory remarks. The note in 
question is quoted from the “ Book of Roses, by the late Rev. 
A. Foster-Melliar. The substance of the remark is that the 
author quoted said that by watching a Rose tree, either wild 
or cultivated, it would be noted that the first strong shoot 
flowered well the second season, but after that the shoot 
gradually lost in vigour and contemporaneously had its place 
taken by a vigorous young shoot from the base of the plant. 
A Rose tree is not in the nature of an Apple, for instance, in¬ 
creasing in size year by year, but on the other hand the main 
stems require to be replaced at frequent intervals or once a 
vear by vigorous young shoots to take the place of those 
which are gradually dying away or losing the power to flower 
well. 
The art of the cultivator comes in by removing these old 
shoots as soon as they have passed being floriferous to a 
satisfactory degree. Doing this enables the young shoot to 
attain its best development, to ripen its wood and to flower 
better the following year than if it had been left to its own 
resources. That then is the reason or necessity for pruning 
Roses under cultivation, even for garden or decorative pur¬ 
poses. The method of growth thus copied from a wild Rose 
is a very good one to follow in the case of climbing Roses 
under cultivation, with variations, according to the different 
class, and which may be found out by means of the index. 
Standard Roses are also brought under review and the method 
of pruning them delineated. 
The time for pruning the various types of Roses is brieflv 
and succinctly dealt with in several notes of instruction, extend¬ 
ing from page 37 to page 48. The method here pursued is 
to take the classes of Roses now well represented in gardens, 
and dealing with them in certain months of the year. It 
seems that there is no necessity for commencing to prune anv 
variety of Rose earlier than February, but this latter month 
refers only to certain classes of Roses, which are perfectly 
hardy, and require a considerable length of time to develop 
fresh buds after being cut. Several other sets require pruning 
in March, and some of the more tender require to be dealt 
with in April, including the Banksias, Teas, and Noisettes, 
both dwarf and standard forms. 
The index we mentioned above is really an alphabetical list 
of Roses, including a much greater number than those dealt 
with in the society’s official catalogue. The object of this is 
to enable the reader to find the instructions for pruning most 
applicable to each variety lie may have in his garden. This 
list is a valuable one and we could wish that the compilers had 
made it to include all the Roses known to be in cultivation 
in the British Isles. 
The Book of the Lily. # 
The above work forms one of the series of handbooks of 
practical gardening sent out by Mr. Lane, and has been written 
by Mr. W. Goldring, the landscape gardener, who has had a 
long connection with the subject of Lilies practically since he 
became a journalist previous to his present position. He 
classes Lilies much on the same plan as Mr. J. G. Baker, whose 
admirable synopsis of the genus Liliurn he follows with slight 
exceptions. Since Mr. Baker first published his synopsis a 
good deal has been learned about Lilies, both botanically and 
otherwise, lienee a few alterations are to be expected in bring¬ 
ing the subject up to date. 
Some additions to the number of species have been placed 
under each section, but two of the sections have been excised, 
for what reason we are not quite certain, in the case at least 
of the section which includes Liliurn roseum and L. Hooker! 
It is quite true that these two Lilies have been shifted about 
now in one genus and now in another, but the Ivew authorities 
and the “ Index Kewensis ” retain these two as Lilies. We 
note also that what is called the red variety of L. Leichtlitii 
is classed as a variety of L. tigrinum under the name of L. t. 
jucundum. The other names, L. Maximowiczii and L. pseudo- 
tigrinum, are reckoned as synonymous. It is the author’s 
opinion that this handsome red Lily is only a variety, which it 
may be, but every author is not agreed as to the specific name 
under which it should be placed. 
After the synopsis the author follows on with a chapter 
giving descriptive and cultural notes, the various species being 
arranged in alphabetical order, making one of the longest 
chapters in the book, and including a variety of useful in¬ 
formation bearing upon most, if not all, of the species of 
Liliurn under cultivation. In a work of this size the author 
has evidently found it necessary to condense by limiting the 
list of varieties to the very best. A fairly large number of 
varieties of L. elegans are given, but certainly nothing like 
the number that are or have been in cultivation at one time 
or another. Some Lilies give very few varieties, others again 
give a large number, and when such is the' case confusion in 
the correct naming of the respective varieties is almost certain 
to follow. The best only are selected and briefly described in 
this variable Japanese form. 
“ The Book of the Lily." By William Goldring. John Lane : The Bodley Head, 
London and New York. 1905. Price 2s. 6d., net. 
