THE GARDENING WORLD. 
March 18, 1905. 
231 
of being developed into large plants. The same treatment given 
to coloured varieties; of Coleus will also answer in this case. 
You should.be careful to give the plants a reasonable amount 
of ventilation according to the season, not coddling them in a 
stuffy close atmosphere. 
Caladiums Rotting. 
We had a fine collection of Caladiums last year, and fed them 
well, so that they made good growth. When shaking them out 
to repot them we found a large number of the tubers rotten. 
Would this be due to over-feeding last summer? (A. T. J.) 
Caladiums are usually of strong constitution, and would stand 
a reasonable amount of feeding with weak liquid manure. It is 
possible, however, to overdo this, as in various other plants. 
The matter is one for the discretion of the plant grower. Strong 
doses should always be avoided, as it is quite possible to overdo 
the constitution of the plants by this means. Another point 
is that the foliage may not have been carefully ripened off in 
the autumn by withholding water from the time the leaves com¬ 
menced to fade. The tubers of Caladium are also relatively 
delicate in the temperature they will endure even when resting. 
They should be kept in a stove or pit where the temperature 
does not fall much below 60 degrees at night. After the foliage 
has perfectly died down, if you have no other convenience the- 
pots may be laid on their sides under the stages of the stove, but 
in such a way that drip from the watering cannot fall into the 
pots, otherwise there is danger of loss from this cause. Not 
knowing the treatment you have given them, we merely make 
the above suggestions so that you can form a conclusion as to 
the real cause of the loss. 
Moss in Lawns. 
Some portions of the lawns and grounds here contain more 
moss than grass, making them difficult to mow in summer. The 
ground is also spongy in those places at the present time. We 
want to alter this if possible, and would be glad of any infor¬ 
mation. (Moss.) 
You suggest at least one cause of the moss growing in parts 
of your lawns, inasmuch as they are spongy. Either the sub- 
soii or that at the surface contains too much clay and prevents 
the surface water from draining away rapidly. Even if you dig 
into this it cannot be possible to find springs or much water 
to drain away, but it would be advantageous to have drains 
placed at 12 ft, or 18 ft. apart if the ground consists of clay to 
any depth. This would allow the surplus rainfall to drain away, 
and thus tend to keep the ground more solid. Possibly the 
spots you mention are also more or less shaded by trees. Moss 
to grow successfully requires very special conditions, and they 
are shade and moisture, just as we have mentioned. Besides 
attending to these matters you can improve the surface by 
removing some of the moss, top-dressing with some good soil 
mixed with lime from underneath the potting benches. This 
would encourage the growth of the grass to the detriment of 
the moss. Probably it would be necessary to sow grass seed 
on the bare spots towards the end of this, or the beginning of 
next, month. A light sprinkling of nitrate of soda in April, 
and another in May, would also help the grass greatly. 
Diseased Apple Shoots. 
Can you tell me the cause of the knots on the enclosed Apple 
shoots, and the remedy, if there is any? (W. W.) 
They are the result of the attack by the American Blight 
during the past season. When the young shoots are yet soft, 
the aphides pierce the skin in order to extract the juices. This 
sets up an irritation which causes a great amount of abnormal 
growth in the cellular tissues below the bark. The damage may 
not extend further, provided there are no crevices in which 
the American Blight can shelter during the winter, and thus 
continue the injury during the coming summer. In looking 
over the shoots you should carefully inspect them for cracks or 
crevices which are likely to occur on the thicker branches. Any 
rough places may be smoothed by the knife, and then the sur¬ 
face well brushed or scrubbed, using a strong solution of soft 
soap or Gishurst compound. Some people use paraffin and 
water, but great care must be exercised if the bark is thin and 
tender. If made into an emulsion it would, however, be quite 
safe for this purpose. If these swellings are neglected one 
season they are certain to increase during the next, becoming 
larger and forming centres for the spread of the pest. 
Names of Plants. 
(David Bodger.) 1 , Jacobinia ghiesbreghtiana; 2 , Coleonema 
album ; 3, Tecoma jasnnnoides.—(K, S.) 1 , Anemone Hepatica ; 
2 , Anemone Hepatica rubra plena; 3, Saxifraga sancta; 4 , 
Narcissus minor ; 5, Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus pallidus prae- 
cox ; 6 , Cyclamen ibericum.— (T. M.) 1 , Viburnum Tunis ; 2, 
Comas Mas; 3, Rhododendron praecox.— (C. D. H.) 1, Crocus 
vernus var. ; 2, Crocus aureus var. ; 3, Crocus vernus var. ; 4, 
Arabis albida variegata ; 5, Anemone Hepatica alba; 6, Seilla 
praecox.—(E. F. \Y.) 1, Liriope spicata ; 2, Carex Morovii varie¬ 
gata ; 3, Omphalodes verna; 4, Eestuca glauca; 5, Curculigo 
recurvata; 6, Croton Oerstedi.—(Wm. A. Campbell.) 1, Sib- 
thorpia peregrina ; 2, Ceropegii Woodii ; 3, Ruellia macrantha ; 
4, Euphorbia fuigens.—(S. H.) 1, Jumperus Sabina; 2, Pice a, 
Menziesii; 3, Thuya orientalis ; 4, Cupressus nutkatensis; 5. 
Cupressus thyoides.—(A. M. R.) 1, Acacia platyptera ; 2. Mueh- 
lenbeckia complexa.; 3, Acacia armata; 4, Asparagus mvrio- 
c lad us ; 5, Dendrobium wardianum.—(J. Sharp.) A, Salvia 
rutiians ; B, Blechnum occidental©; C, Nephrodium patens ; JL), 
Polystichum anguiare proliferum or a sub variety or form of it; 
■E, Polystichurn capons© ; F, Adiantum qoncinnum.—(G. F.) 
Sisyrinch him grandiflorum. 
Communications Received. 
A. V. M. (two communications).—Mack.—W. .T. Welch.— 
R. W. H.—F. Haynes.-—H. Kitley.—A. J.—Northern Scot.— 
B. W. J.—R, II.' S.—Charles Wilson—F. €.— A. D. M — 
R. J. W.—M. €.—P. F.—A. T. P.— R. H.—G. F.—R, Thatcher. 
—A. J. B.—R, S.—E. M. R, 
Trade Catalogues Received. 
Vauglian’s Seed 'Store, 84 and 86 , Randolph Street, Chicago, 
and 14, Barclay Street, New York, U.S.A.—Vaughan’s Twenty- 
eighth annual catalogue. 
This Insurance is not confined to Railway Train Accidents only, 
but against A ll Passenger Vehicle Accidents. 
FREE INSURANCE. £100 
The CASUALTY Insurance Company, Limited, will pay to the 
legal representative of any man or woman (railway servants on duty 
excepted) who shall happen to meet with his or her death by an 
accident to a train or to a public vehicle, licensed for passenger service, 
in which he or she was riding as an ordinary passenger in any part of 
the United Kingdom on the following conditions :— 
1 . That at the time of the accident the passenger in question had 
upon his or her person this Insurance Coupon or the paper in which 
it is, with his, or her, usual signature written in the space provided at 
the foot. 
2. This paper may be left at his, or her, place of abode, so long as 
the Coupon is signed. 
3. That notice of the accident be given to the Company guarantee¬ 
ing this insurance within seven days of its occurrence. 
4. That death result within one month from the date of the 
accident. 
5. That no person can claim in respect of more than one of these 
Coupons. 
6 . The insurance will hold good from 6 a.m. of the morning of 
publication to 6 a.m. on the day of the following publication. 
Address .. .... 
The due fulfilment of this insurance Is guaranteed by 
THE CASUALTY INSURANCE COMPANY, Lt., 123, Pall Mall, London, S.W. 
to wham all communications should be made 
Apple, that seedless. 
Apprenticed to horticulture, 
to be, or not to be. 
Bouvardias. 
Colchicum c ociflorum. 
Crocus Balansae . 
Cyclamen, Webbs’ Perfec¬ 
tion . 
Eupatorium ianthinum . 
Fruit growing in British 
Columbia. 
Fruit, hardy . 
Garden, the flower . 217 
Garden, wine cellar as a 
market. 215 
Harmsworth Encyclopaedia 228 
Hydrangea Thomas Hogg ... 222 
Lachenalias, two fine . 218 
Leucojum or Snowflake . 222 
Manure and composts. 226 
News of the week. 232 
Odontoglossum crispum 
veitchiamim . 222 
Omphalodes luciliae . 226 
Orchids, among the. 216 
Pietermaritzburg Botanic 
Garden. 215 
PAGE 
Plants, new species of. 215 
Plants, notes on hardy . 216 
Plants recently certificated 228j 
Potato Ninety-fold . 225; 
Primula Queen Alexandra ... 218- 
Questions and answers. 2331 
Bamondia serhica Nataliae 219 
Roof gardens in Japan . 220 
Society and association 
notes. 231 
Societies: 
Midland Carnation and 
Pieofee. 215 
United Horticultural bene¬ 
fit and Provident . ... 228 
Sparmannia africana. 225 
Species and varieties . 223 
Stove Amaryllis. 22(1 
Wne s Nurseries, Felthain 227 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
Colchicum crociflorum. 227 
Crocus Balansae . 219 
Ramondia serhica Nataliae 221 
Sparmannia africana (See 
Supplement) 
CONTENTS OF THIS WEEK 
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218 
221 
226 
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219 
226 
225 
220 
