April 1, 1905. 
THE GARDENING WORLD . 
271 
Trollius caucasicus Orange Globe. 
The species of Globe Flower coming under our notice all 
have flowers of some shade of yellow or orange. The leaves 
a re also finely divided, like those of a Crowfoot, as they are 
members of the Crowfoot family. Some might regard them 
as Buttercups, but the flowers in most of the species are more 
or less globular, while the sepals constitute the showy part of 
the flower, whereas in the Buttercup or Crowfoot the petals 
are the ornamental part of the flower. 
The variety under notice has very large globular golden- 
vellow flowers, which in outward appearance resemble those of 
the European species, but they are larger, and the plant is also 
of greater stature, being 2 ft. in height. The petals are very 
narrow and linear, exceeding the stamens in length, but with 
that exception the gardener would probably look upon them 
as stamens. These petals are not tubular as in the Christmas 
Hose, but otherwise they constitute one of the distinguishing 
marks of a Trollius. 
The variety Orange Globe is a garden form of T. caucasicus 
and well adapted for exhibition purposes on account of the 
size and beauty of the flowers. In the south of England it 
would have to be used for this purpose about the end of May 
and the beginning of June; but further north, where the 
climate is cooler, and the season later, it would come in for 
later shows. Sometimes a crop of flowers can be obtained in 
September from seedlings or recently-planted specimens as 
a result of second growth induced by the early autumn rains 
It is well adapted for cultivation under almost any circum¬ 
stances where the soil is fairly good. For instance, it makes 
a good hardy border plant, and is equally suited for the higher 
positions in the rock garden where moisture is sufficient to 
encourage vigorous growth. Most of the species of Trollius 
require a good supply of moisture just as some of the Butter¬ 
cups do, or the Marsh Marigold. For this reason all the 
species of Trollius are well adapted for planting in the bog 
garden where there is such an accessory. 
Those who have been fortunate enough to see the British 
T. europaeas growing in the wild state acquire a very good 
idea of the conditions necessary to success in the garden. On 
the mountains and also on low hills in northern districts it 
may be found in damp grassy spots where it is almost too 
wet for Heather to occupy the space. In the Highland valleys 
it grows in damp meadows, competing with the Marsh Mari¬ 
gold for pride of place .and attention. Under any of these 
conditions the plants are usually much dwarfer than in 
gardens, say about 9 in. to 12 in. in height. Needless to say, 
they are peculiarly handsome under these circumstances, as 
the flowers are so prominent by comparison with the stems 
and leaves, and therefore effective. 
We think, therefore, that cool situations well exposed to 
light, though not direct sunshine, and damp rather than 
rich soil would enable them to make growth which would be 
Particularly appropriate on the rockery. Where cut flowers 
are wanted no doubt the taller plants to be obtained under 
ordinary border cultivation would furnish the best length of 
stem. The accompanying illustration was put at our disposal 
by Messrs. Barr and Sons, King Street, Covent Garden, who 
are noted cultivators of hardy plants of all kinds. 
Aubrietia Dr. Mules. 
Among the newer and vastly improved varieties of Aubrietia 
that named Dr. Mules stands well to the front, and those who 
prefer the deeper purple shades may look upon this as the best 
of that class. In colour it is of the brightest blue-purple, in 
size it is as large as needs be (if liberally treated), in habit 
and floriferousness it is hard to beat, being short-jointed, large- 
leaved, and literally covered with bloom for a long time. 
Even in the third week in March it is blooming boldly in 
favourable gardens, and in pots under glass has been bright 
throughout the month. Every owner of a garden, large or 
small, would do well to procure this fine Aubrietia either for 
lockery, border, or spring bed. Heather Bell. 
Bud Variation. 
At the meeting of the Uoyal Horticultural Society on 
March 14th a lecture was delivered by the Ib v JVon 
HensEbw on “ Bud Variation,” which was richly ilium a ted by 
lantern slides and actual specimens. 
After observing that all plants have an inherent powei a 
varying in response to, if not always in useful adaptation- to 
changed conditions of life, by which new species are introdut < 1 
into the world, and.that many new forms arise under cultiva¬ 
tion by the same means, the lecturer observed that sports only 
differ from such variations in degree and by the suddenness of 
their appearance, whether as a part of a plant or as a seedling, 
[Copyright Barr and Sons, 
Trollius caucasicus Orange Globe. 
so that there is often a difficulty in drawing any sharp line 
between varieties, sports, and even monstrosities. The im¬ 
mediate causes of sports are often very obscure, but can some¬ 
times be reasonably traced to altered distribution of light, as 
in the changed position of leaves ; or, again, to the amount of 
formative material present, as in “ cutleaves, etc., or to heat, 
as in fastigiation. The examples taken as illustrative and ex¬ 
ploitative were the fastigiate, fasciate, and weeping types of 
stems, and spinal torsion and spinescence : cut and crisped 
forms of leaves, multiform, double, crested, and pelorie 
flowers; the change of form, colour, etc., in fruits, and the 
dissociation or the separation of characters of the two or more 
parents in a hybrid or cross. 
Primula viscosa alba is one of the prettiest and most easily 
grown of the alpine Primroses, and its white flowers are always 
freely produced when planted out on the rockery. 
