300 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
April 8. 1905. 
very much as Nature deals with the wild Roses. The strong-grow¬ 
ing stems or suckers from the root should be left full length, and 
merely the badly-ripened tips removed. The next operation 
would be the removal of all the weaker side shoots, leaving the 
strong ones, or as many of them as you can find space for with¬ 
out crowding. These may be laid in nearly their full length. 
Rose stems, as a rule, whether in gardens or in the wild state, 
only last a limited number of years, when they begin to be less 
vigorous and less floriferous. When you find stems losing 
vigour in this way the best plan is to cut them away down to 
the base. This will provide space for laying in the yoixng stems. 
You can manage this operation better in the summer time, when 
the leaves are on the plants, than in winter or spring, when 
leafless. Indeed, after the siunmer display of flowers is over 
you can then go over the plantsi and cut away a'sufficient num¬ 
ber of the old stems to leave room for laying in sufficient of the 
young stems or suckers to fill the space at your command. The 
removal of the stems at this period has the same beneficial effect 
as the removal of the old Raspberry canes after the fruit has 
been gathered. This operation allows free play of light and air 
upon the stems and foliage left, thus ripening the wood, and 
enabling it to prepare for flowering in the following season. A 
careful consideration of these remarks will show that the 
pruning to which Rambler Roses should be subjected consists 
chiefly in the cutting away of old stems and the removal of 
weaker ones that would only serve to crowd the plant. After 
this operation in July, you can further assist the plants by 
loosening the surface of the soil, mulching, and watering. 
Stems for the Kilmarnock Willow. 
What is the best method of getting good stems for the Kil¬ 
marnock Willow ? We planted some, cuttings some years ago, 
but the growth they make requires a lot of tying and staking, 
and the stems are weak and crooked. (E. M. R.) 
We have seen the system which you mention tried, but we do 
not consider it the best means of getting clean and strong stems 
that can support a head without staking. Your best plan would 
be to put in cuttings of the ordinary Goat Willow (Salix Caprea), 
which you may find growing wild in the woods or hedges—that 
is, if you have not the ordinary Goat Willow in the grounds. 
Select cuttings if possible from strong growing specimens, as 
there are weak and strong growing varieties which come up as 
seedlings. When the cuttings are rooted and have made one 
or two seasons’ growth, if they possess no very strong stems you 
can cut them down almost to the ground, and strong young 
shoots will be sent up from the base. By removing all but the 
strongest you will get wonderfully strong stems in a single 
season. When these have attained sufficient height you can 
graft, them about the end of March with the Kilmarnock Willow, 
or bud them in July or August. By taking cuttings in February 
or March you can during the first season get a fairly strong 
growth, but after they are well rooted you can always increase 
the vigour and cleanness of what is intended to be the upright 
stem by cutting back all of the shoots say about the beginning 
of March. 
Names of Plants. 
(W. S.) 1, not recognised ; send when in flower ; 2, Dracaena 
terminalis var. ; 3, Pteris scaberula; 4, Strobilanthes iso- 
phyllus (often named Goldfussia isophylla); 5, the broader 
frond is Nephrolepis exaltata, the narrower one Nepkro- 
lepis cordifolia.—(R. S.) 1 , Arabis albida; 2, Primula 
viscosa alba; 3, Adonis amurensis ; 4, Anemone nemo- 
rosa flore pleno ; 5. Vinca minor variegata.; 6 , Saxifraga mus- 
coides Rhei.—(W. D. H.) 1 , Omphalodes vema ; 2 , Pulmonaria 
saccharata; 3, Crocus vernus var. ; 4, Cardamine pratensis flore 
pleno ; 5, Primula elatior caerulea ; 6 , Scilla sibirica ; 7 , Car¬ 
damine trifolia.—(A. W. K.) Dendrobium aggregatum.—(G. N.) 
1 , Salix daphnoides ; 2 , Forsythia suspensa;J3, Spiraea Thun- 
bergii ; 4, Erica carnea; 5, Ribes sanguineum ; 6, Pyrus 
japonica.—(C. B. G.) 1, Salix purpurea; 2, Salix rubra for- 
byana ; 3, Salix cinerea; 4, Populus balsamifera candicans ; 
5, Potamogeton pectinatum ; 6 , Carex hirta.—(F. R.) 1 , Den¬ 
drobium Ainsworthii ; 2 , Odontoglossum Pescatorei. 
Communications Received 
W. J. Welch.—Nemo.—A. V. M.—A. J. M.-— Con. —Paphio 
T. B. Byram.—Herbert Cowley.—Barr and Sons.—Webb and 
Sons.—Street and Co., Limited.—Peach Tree.—R. W. H_ 
Mac.—A. B.—E. F.—T. M.—W. W.—R. C — A. W.—E. D M— 
F. C.— A. J. B.—E. S.—G. F. Drayson.—J. E. Tyler. 
Trade Catalogues Received. 
G. Reuthe, F.R.H.S., Fox Hill Hardy Plant Nursery, Keston, 
Kent.—Hardy Plants and Descriptive Catalogue of Novelties. 
H. Cannell and Sons, Swanley, Kent.—Floral Guide of Plants. 
Fredk. W. Kelsey, 150, Broadway, New York City, U.S.A.— 
Rhododendrons and other Specialites in Trees and Shrubs. 
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CONTENTS OF THIS WEEK. 
PAGE 
Annuals, hardy. 283 
Apprenticed to horticulture, 
to he, or not to be. 292 
Azalea icdica Hexe. 279 
Bouvardias. 292 
Caladiums, wintering . 234 
Callipsyche eucrosioides. 294 
Crocus biflorus Pestalozzae... 285 
-Crocus Sieberi . 285 
Cucumber spot, S. H. C. cure 
for. 288 
Fruit, Colonial . 289 
Fruit under glass . 280 
Gardeners’ year, a. 293 
Gardening as employ¬ 
ment for womeD. 293 
Hepatica triloba alba plena 292 
Horticultural Club . 287 
Kitchen garden, the ... . 281 
Magnolia Lennei . 291 
News of the week. 297 
Orchids, among the . 282 
Pears in spring, stewing. 286 
Pruning: its objects and 
effects . 287 
Questions and answers. 298 
Rhododendrons, Himalayan 288 
PAGE 
Sand for tree and shrub 
planting . 279 
Saxifraga Salomoni . 285 ! 
Seedless fruits... 284 
Schizocodon soldanelloides ... 294 
Society and association 
notes... 296 
Societies: < 
Liverpool Horticultural 
Association. 295 
Royal Botanic. 294 
Royal Horticultural. 294 
Stove and greenhouse, the ... 2S0 
Sweet Peas, the finest. 286i 
Trade notices . 283 
Trees and shrubs, hardy . 281 
Tulipa tubergeniana. 279 
Violets and cancer. 279 
Willow Wood, Riding Mill - 
on-Tyne . 282 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
Crocus biflorus Pestalozzae... 285 
Crocus Sieberi . 287 
Magnolia Lennei (See Supple¬ 
ment) 
Saxifraga Salomoni . -911 
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