456 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
June 3, 1905. 
Notes on the—-— 
Illustrations. 
A Lovely Climber (Clematis montana). 
Wherever one goes at the present time the 
villas and cottages in the rural towns and 
villages of Kent, Surrey, Berkshire Bucks, 
and other southern counties of England aie 
beautifully draped with a white-flowered 
climber which is familiar to those living m 
such towns and villages, but unfamiliar to 
those who are pent up in larger towns and 
cities. The climber needs only to be known 
to furnish its own recommendation, and 
though the flowers are only present in spring 
and early summer, yet they may be regarded 
as effective during April, May, and June. 
They are thus really long-lived, considering 
that it is a spring-flowering Clematis. The 
individual flowers are moderate in size, but 
this is compensated for by the immense num¬ 
ber of blooms produced on long slender shoots 
of last year and on the spurs of previous years’ 
growth. 
As may be seen by our illustration, the 
stems need only occupy very little space, 
which is sometimes convenient in gardens of 
limited size. The main stems in this instance 
are taken up in a single bundle until they 
have got beyond the door and windows. 
Above this it may be distributed in a manner 
to please the fancy of the grower.or meet his 
convenience, as the stems grow practically to 
a great length or height, and can be taken 
round the upper windows, and even over the 
roof if so desired. 
As a rule it is confined to the wall below 
the eaves of the house for convenience of 
training and pruning. In the instance shown 
the roof comes rather low down, thus making 
it convenient to carry up the climber in a 
truly rustic manner. After the plant has 
been well established and the main stems 
fastened to the walls, the side shoots pro¬ 
duced during summer may be allowed to fall 
gracefully and loosely. After the flowers are 
past their best these loose shoots may either 
be pruned back to the base or their numbers 
greatly thinned, leaving just sufficient to 
occupy the space. 
As above stated, the pruning of the lateral 
shoots is accomplished after the climber goes 
out of flower, but during summer attention 
will have to be given the new growths. This 
would consist in nailing or tying back long 
shoots that would obstruct the daylight from 
the windows and otherwise give the climber 
an air of untidiness. Surplus shoots for which 
there is not proper room may always be cut 
away, but the owner should endeavour to cut 
away the older side branches to make room 
for an equal number of young ones, as the 
larger flowers will be produced on these young 
shoots. A mass of this Clematis has a charm¬ 
ing and snowy effect when at its best during 
May. 
As will be seen by reference to the illustra¬ 
tion, the roots of this plant are entirely under 
the walk. When about to plant, however, a 
hole of some considerable size should be taken 
out, so as to take in a barrow load or two of 
good compost, consisting of fibrous or turfy 
loam with an admixture of leaf mould or well- 
decayed farmyard manure and sufficient sand 
to make it porous. After the climber is 
planted the soil can be trodden firm and the 
walk made up with gravel or otherwise, ac¬ 
cording to the situation and the materials 
employed. Although a native of the Hima¬ 
layas, it is perfectly hardy in the southern 
part of Britain at least. 
Fortune’s yellow rose (Rosa fortuneana). 
On villas or cottages where Clematis mon- 
tana is planted on one side of the door, For¬ 
tune’s Yellow Rose might be planted on the 
other, provided the aspect is a sunny one 
during a considerable portion of the day. One 
of the primary needs of Fortune’s Yellow Rose 
is sufficient height of wall or building, in order 
to allow it to reach its natural dimensions, 
when it flowers splendidly. Some of the most 
successful cultivators at the present day grow 
it in glasshouses, training it along the roof to 
a considerable length. We have, however, 
seen it flowering abundantly on the wall of a 
mansion, and the top of the high wall was 
splendidly furnished with Roses. 
The blooms are cup-shaped, ultimately 
slightly opening in the centre, and varying in 
colour according; to the season and whether 
grown under glass or in the open air. The 
best colour is developed out of doors, when the 
blooms are of a beautiful orange yellow, more 
or less shaded, and flaked with a metallic red. 
These flowers are most suitable for cutting in 
the half-expanded state as shown in the illus¬ 
tration, but for the decoration of walls they 
are allowed to hang on till they fall, and the 
fully expanded blooms appear of larger size. 
The same preparation should be made for 
giving young plants a start as in the case of 
the Clematis. A good-sized hole should be 
taken out and filled with fibrous loam, with a 
fair admixture of sand to render it porous. 
The grower cannot expect many flowers from 
it for a year or two, but after it reaches some¬ 
thing like its natural dimensions the quantity 
of flowers is surprising and the effect produced 
magnificent. The two requisites in cultivating 
this Rose out of doors are shelter from north 
and east winds and a high wall to which the 
stems may be trained. 
The Scalloped Cyclamen (Cyclamen 
repandum). 
All of the species of Cyclamen or Sowbread 
are more or less hardy, with the exception of 
the species grown in greenhouses. That under 
notice flowers in late spring or early summer, 
and in certain respects closely resembles the 
greenhouse species (C. latifolium), but par¬ 
ticularly in the case of the flowers. The seg¬ 
ments of the flowers are narrowly oblong,- 
more or less twisted, and of a beautiful soft 
rosy-purple intensifying to purple-red or crim¬ 
son at the mouth. The parts of the flowei 
are 1 in. to 1| in. in length, and this size gives 
an idea that the flowers are capable of being 
improved and of attaining the same splendid 
proportions as the greenhouse species to which 
the florists have given so much attention 
during the last half-century. 
It is surprising that enterprising plantsmen 
should have given so little attention to the 
improvement of hardy species, seeing what 
fine effects may be produced by flowers of the 
same dimensions as the greenhouse species, 
but suitable for cultivation in the open air. 
The specific name is derived from the scalloped 
margins of the leaves, which are nearly 
orbicular, scalloped on the edges, and marked 
with a grey zone across the middle of the 
upper face. ” The leaves accompany the flowers 
in this instance, making the plant superior in 
effectiveness to the hardy autumn-flowering 
C. neapolitanum or Naples’ Cyclamen. 
In planting this beautiful species in the 
open air a sheltered position or nook on the 
rockery should be selected, where the foliage 
will be protected from cold north and east 
winds in spring when the plant is preparing to 
flower. The same conditions that afford 
the shelter should also serve to keep the soil 
cool and therefore fairly moist during the 
summer months. A compost should be made 
up consisting of fibrous loam, with a large 
proportion of leaf mould, in which this class 
of plants delight. At least half of the com¬ 
post should consist of decayed leaves. This 
will serve to retain moisture and at the same 
time supply the plants with suitable food. 
Sand should always be used in sufficient quan¬ 
tity to ensure the porosity of the soil. 
The illustration shows a plant which has 
been grown in a pot in a cold frame with the 
object of placing it in the alpine house at Kew 
when in bloom. The shelter afforded by the 
frame has enabled the plant to produce the 
splendid profusion of bloom. Out of doors, in 
all probability, the flowers would come more 
sparingly over a longer period of time. 
A Popular Deutzia (Deutzia gracilis). 
Little need be said in supporting the claims 
of this fine Japanese plant to the attention of 
cultivators. Though perfectly hardy, it is 
usually grown in greenhouses, where it can be 
bl»omed considerably in advance of those left 
out of doors. The blooms of plants grown in 
greenhouses are also much larger than those 
grown in the shrubbery, as might naturally 
be expected. It blooms in the open air in 
April or May at a time when our climate may 
be unfavourable to the proper development of 
the blooms. The moisture of a greenhouse 
also aids the size of the flowers. These are 
pure white, and produced in racemes at the 
end of short shoots on the stems of the pre¬ 
vious year’s production. 
Being perfectly hardy, it may be planted 
anywhere in the open garden, but the shrub¬ 
bery is the most siritable place- for it, or 
amongst other plants that will afford a certain 
amount of protection against the winds which 
usually prevail in, spring. Those who have 
conservatories could scarcely desire a more 
be-autiful subject for brightening the house 
during the spring months, nor could a more 
easily managed subject be desired. 
After the plants have reached the limits of 
size desired they can always be kept within 
proper hounds by pruning them back just 
after the flowers are past their best, giving the 
plants the whole season in which to make 
fresh shoots for ne-xt year’s flowering. Upon 
the proper ripening of this young wood, so will 
the qxxantity and size of the flowers be next 
year. When they have attained the largest 
size permissible, they may be grown in the 
same pots and soil for a considerable number 
of years, and good results may still be ex¬ 
pected, provided the cultivator treats them 
well during the summer. Pot plants may be 
kept in the greenhouse or other moderately 
warm structure in order to encourage the pro¬ 
duction of young wood. 
By the time that these -shoots have attained 
a fair length, the plants may be gradually 
hardened off by giving more air until they are 
able to stand full exposure outside. They 
should not be stood in the full sun at first if 
bright weather prevails, but stood in a partly- 
shaded position until the leaves get hardened. 
This will prevent the burning that would 
likely occur if the young foliage were exposed 
to the summer sun immediately the plants are 
taken out of doors. During summer weak 
liquid manure should be given the plants 
twice a week, and this will save the trouble of 
repotting. Later in the season, when the 
shoots have about attained their full length, a 
sunny position should be given them, in order 
to thoroughly ripen up the wood. 
This Deutzia is usually propagated by 
taking young side shoots- when of sufficient 
length and just getting firm at the base ; but 
a heel of the old wood can always be taken 
with the cutting- After removing one or two 
