July 29, 1905.] 
MOTTO FOR THE WEEK: 
“Jasmine buds that keep their odours to themselves all day, but when the 
sunlight dies away let the delicious secret out.”— Moore. 
NOTICES. 
To Readers and Correspondents. 
“THE GARDENING WORLD” is published by MaCLAREN 
AND SONS, 37 and 3S, Shoe Lane, London, E.C. Telegrams 
mil Cables: “Buns," London. Telephone Number: 997 
Hoi bom. 
“THE GARDENING WORLD" is published every Tues- 
lay and dated for the following Saturday. Price One Penny. 
Annual Subscription (Prepaid), post free, 6s. 6d. United 
Kingdom ; Ss. 6d. Abroad. Cheques and remittances 
jenerally should be made payable to Maclareu and Sons, and 
rossed London City and Midland Bank. 
Advertisement Orders should be addressed to the Pub- 
ishers. The insertion of advertisements cannot be guaran- 
eed for the following issue unless received by Saturday 
before date of publication. 
EDITORIAL.—Letters for publication, specimens for 
naming, requests for information, manuscripts, and photo¬ 
graphs must be addressed to the Editor. Correspondents 
should write on one side of the paper only, and give name 
and address as well as nom-de-plume. The Editor will not 
be responsible for loss of unaccepted manuscripts, photo¬ 
graphs, etc., but if stamps be enclosed ordinary care will be 
exercised to ensure return. If payment for photographs or 
text is desired the price for reproduction must be distinctly 
stated, and it must be understood that only the actual 
photographer or owner of the copyright will be dealt with. 
All contributions of any kind in the Prize Competitions 
become the property of the Proprietors of “ The Gardening 
World.” The Editor’s decision in Prize Competitions is final. 
SPECIMEN COPIES.—The Publishers will be pleased to 
send specimen copies of “The Gardening World" for distri¬ 
bution amoDgst friends and will appreciate the services 
rendered by readers in this connection. 
o-J-c 
EDITORIAL NOTES . 
Multiplying New Roses. 
When raisers of new Roses have succeeded 
in gaining a distinct and handsome new 
'variety of Rose, their next care is how 
to increase it to the greatest extent in 
the shortest possible time. That of course 
applies to most new plants which are about 
to be put into commerce, including Chrys¬ 
anthemums, Carnations and other florists’ 
Howers. The Daily Express says that last 
•July there were only fifteen plants of Rose 
Mrs. F. W. Flight in existence, and that 
at the present time there are over 10,000 
plants of it. Last year all the plants were 
cut to the ground, every bud utilised 
for budding on stocks being grown to 
receive it. This being a Rambler Rose, 
the De la Grifi'erae stock is one of the most 
suitable on which to bud it. 
The original fifteen plants threw up fresh 
stems, and in November when the young 
wood was fairly firm they were cut down 
again and utilised for grafts to be placed on 
stocks kept under glass for the purpose. 
The plants at this stage, being kept in heat, 
induced the grafts to grow after they had 
taken to the stock, and by February the 
rere two or more feet in height. 
The basal portion of the shoots were then 
used for grafting purposes, while the tops 
were utilised as cuttings. By following out 
this practice the original fifteen plants have 
been increased to 10,000. 
The Pear Midge. 
Although this pest of the Pear tree was 
only reported as having been introduced to 
this country relatively a few years ago, yet 
in the short period intervening it Das 
multiplied immensely and scattered itself 
over a great portion of England at least. 
When a new pest of a cultivated plant gets 
introduced, the most important question is 
whether our climate is suitable for its we'l- 
being. If so, we may be certain that the 
enemy will increase in proportion to the 
number and extent of the plantationson which 
it lives. At a recent meeting of the 
Scientific Committee of the R.H.S., Mr. 
Saunders said that the Pear midge seems 
to be spreading more and more every year 
in this country, and unless means are taken 
to check it the Pear will became a rare fruit. 
That would indicate that our climate is 
suitable for its welfare. Mr. Saunders has 
an idea thit if fruit-growers in districts 
where the insect abounds would agree 
together on some common line of action the 
pest would be materially lessened in numbers, 
and in the course of a few years stamped out. 
He also said that su h remarks would apply 
to many other injurious insects in this 
country. We have no doubt that some good 
would result by a combination of growers, 
but this should apply not merely to large 
growers of fruit, but also to those having 
only small gardens, provided there were 
Pears in it. There is a phase of the question 
of injurious insects which gets only a very 
small share of attention in this country. 
We refer to the fact that every injurious 
or other insect has its own parasite, 
which in a state of nature keeps it 
in check. Now if it so happens that the Pear 
midge has been introduced to this country 
without its parasite, it will undoubtedly 
run riot amongst our crops of this useful 
fruit throughout the country. We have 
not learned that any one is studying the 
question of parasites, or is going into the 
question of introducing the parasite of this 
particular insect. It is almost unnecessary 
to add that the parasite of an insect increases 
in the same ratio as the inject itself, and 
requires no attention on the part of the 
fruit growers to make it do its work. Indeed, 
it would simply increase in proportion to 
the amount of food at its command, and 
thereby keep this pest in check at .no cost 
whatever on the part of the grower. It is 
high time that we had an entomological 
department for the purpose of finding out 
the life-histories of insects, for discovering 
their parasites andliberating them in orchards 
if they have not hitherto been introduced. 
We know for certain that some real plant 
enemies are annually killed in hundreds, 
even in small gardens, by their parasites. In 
a small way gardeners and fruit growers 
can of course keep the insect in subjection 
by collecting and destroying all infested 
fruit. 
How Australia Helps the Farmer. 
Mr. John Plummer states that no country 
does more to assist the farmer when once 
established on the land than the Com mon¬ 
wealth of Australia. In Germiny, Land 
Credit Banks, based on co-operative prin¬ 
ciples assist the struggling farmer. In 1894 
the We •tern Australian Parliament passed an 
Agricultural Bank Act for the purpose of 
assisting parsons in cultivating and improv¬ 
ing agricultural lands. South Australia in 
the following year passed a State Advanced 
Act, and in 1896 the Victorian Savings 
Banks were amalgamated and empowered to 
assist persons in agricultural pursuits by 
making advances on the security of their 
respective properties. In 1899 an Act was 
passed in New South Wales to assist settlers 
who were struggling against drought or bush 
fires, and in 1902 this Act was extended, so 
that advances up to £500 were made, to 
be repaid with interest during a period of 
thirty-one years. The Queensland Agricul¬ 
tural Bank Act empowers the State Govern¬ 
ment to make advances not exceeding £800 
each. In Western Australia advances may 
be made up to two-thirds the value of 
improved land, but not exceeding £1,000 
in any one case. Mr. Plummer also states that 
the instalments and interest are being regu¬ 
larly paid, showing th it the assistance was 
not misplaced. 
—{-+ -t- ~ r 4- 4- -i 
WEEKLY PRIZE COMPETITION. 
- RESULT - 
The prize in the Readers’ Competition was 
awarded to “ D. V. E.” for his article on 
“ Mesembryantbeinums," p. 589. 
A prize for a supplementary reply was 
awarded to “ H. Morris” for his article on 
“ Silver Box Dying”; and another to “J. B. 
for his article on “Plants for Shady Window 
Box,” p. 591. 
