December 23, 1905. 
•m 
MOTTO FOR THE WEEK: 
“ The horizontal snn. 
Broad o’er the south, hangs at his utmost noon.”— Thomson. 
Where the selection is larger and covers a 
large range of colours, and consists, perhaps, 
of but a plant or two of each, then it is quite 
impossible to make the grand feature of the 
plants that Chrysanthemums should make in 
the open. 
- - N 
that consists of a poor meagre top not larger 
than a mop. A well-grown standard has a 
certain air of quaintness, and of that formality 
and old fashion that is so great a charm. 
Another point in their favour is the fact that 
where grown with bush form intermixed, a 
closer planting can be effected. 
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AN AMATEUR'S LETTER 
TO AMATEURS. 
By the Author of “ The Qarden Decorative 
etc., etc. 
XX. 
How to Treat Early-flowering Chrysan¬ 
themums. 
“ I have been envying your out-of-door 
Chrysanthemums ever since the beginning of 
August! ” someone said to me not long since, 
and added that he wished he knew exactly their 
method of growth. This, after all, is. simple 
enough ; and, as at the present time their treat¬ 
ment, so to speak, commences, it may be that a, 
few words will prove useful to the readers ot 
The Gardening World. 
The method of cultivation is followed with 
two ends and aims in view—first, the greatest 
possible decorative effect in the garden, so that 
early-flowering Chrysanthemums may be a dis¬ 
tinct and characteristic feature throughout the 
autumn of brilliant and decided colouring ; 
and, secondly, that they may be in full beauty 
as early as one can manage it, that they may 
yield that long season of flowering of which 
they are capable before there is evil to be feared 
from frosty nights. To achieve the first end, 
the selection is sternly limited to varieties that 
are pure and decided as to colour, free 
bloomers, and, as far as possible, weathcr-proot. 
Taking the Cuttings. 
At the present time the flowering season is 
over, and the tops will have been cut off. The 
best thing to do now, if it has not already been 
done, is to lift the old stools, pot them up, and 
place in a cold frame, or, for preference, a cold 
house. For the after result of securing an early 
flowering season, I find the cuttings must 
grown right away through in a healthy &nd 
sturdy manner ; weakly drawn-up plants will 
never give a tithe of the satisfaction of those 
which have been robust from their earliest 
days. Once under cover the young shoots 
make, in many cases, sufficient growth to yield 
cuttings all through January. I never think 
of giving these cuttings the least help iu the 
way of heat other than sun heat. If space can 
be spared, it is a good thing to put each one 
separately in a small pot; if not, put round the 
sides of larger ones, and they should be kept as 
near the glass as possible, still in the cold house 
or frame. Of course, the rooting will be a slow 
business, but what matter ? there is ample 
time, and no need at all for hurry. The soil 
used may be a light, rich loam, and during the 
process of rooting should be kept just moist. 
So much, then, for present treatment, but I 
may add here that Horace Martin, Goachers 
Crimson, Emperor of Russia, White Quintus, 
Queen of the Earlies, Crimson Mane Masse, 
Carrie, and Mytchett Beauty make an excellent 
selection for massing. I myself prefer to dis¬ 
pense with the white varieties and trust to a 
vivid and characteristic mass of the typical 
autumn colouring— that is, yellow, crimson, and 
red-bronze. 
Old Stools. 
Where it is thought to be too much trouble 
to lift the old stools it is well to throw a little 
light litter round about them, and then to 
secure the cuttings from the open as soon as 
may be If by any chance the old plants have 
been affected with “ rust” it is far better not to 
attempt to propagate from them, simply to 
throw them away and secure cuttings elsewhere. 
I do not suppose there is any real need for it, 
hut I certainly like to throw away all old plants 
once in four or five years and secure a fie.- h 
stock, even if it is of the same varieties over 
again. 
A Necessary Operation, 
The time has come to put in the Briers for 
future budding. I would like to put in a plea 
for the greater use of standards. In small 
gardens especially they are useful .and as the 
present fashion is to plant large beds ot Boses, 
certainly the effect is finer if with the generous 
proportion of busb Roses there- be mixed & 
certain number of standards and half standards. 
There is a delightful sense of luxuriance in a 
huge head on one straight rigid stein and—be 
it said—no standard is worthy to he grown 
China or Monthly Roses. 
In previous letters I have recommended 
various selections of Roses, but so far I have 
not called attention to the charming and new 
China, or Monthly Roses. These are admirably 
suited to the novice, as they require the simplest 
cultivation, are wonderfully decorative in the 
mass, and yield blossom over a long period. 
La Comtesse de Cayla is really a brilliant crea¬ 
tion, bright rose pink, shading to buff, and 
yielding an abundance of bloom ; it is a variety 
strongly to be recommended, so too are Aurore 
and Alice Hamilton. Do not expect a first-class 
bloom from Roses of this type—they are what 
they are, and beautiful at that, but the novice 
is too prone to expect from them flowers of a 
texture and form of, say, a Frau Karl Druschki, or 
a Mildred Grant. Roses in pots that are to make 
a display in the conservatory may be brought 
in now from the cold house and given heat, 
preferably not more than 55 deg. The pots 
should not stand crowded together too cl osely 
and plenty of air and light must reach them so 
that no signs of mildew appear. 
F. M. Wells. 
NOTICE. 
In consequence of the CHRISTMAS 
HOLIDAYS, we shall be obliged to 
go to press early with the number of 
“ Gardening Ulorld ” 
_dated DECEMBER 30th, 1905. 
Advertisements should be sent as early as 
possible to ensure insertion. No adver¬ 
tisement for that issue can be received or 
altered after first post on.- 
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 21st. 
A Rare “ Garden ” Manuscript. —A fine 
“ Garden” MS., the “ Livre de Rustican” of 
Pierre de Crescences or Cr oh tens, written on 
293 leaves of vellum, 17m. by 13iu.. by a 
French scribe of the fifteenth century, was 
recently sold at Christie’s for £2.600. 
Sir William T. Thiselton-Dter, of the 
Royal Gardens, Kew, has resigned his ap¬ 
pointment. He had been director since 1885, 
and, previous to that, he was assistant-director 
under Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker from 1875 to 
1885. According to the “ Times." he is to be 
succeeded in tlie directorship of the Ro^ a 
Gardens. Ivew, by Lieut.-Col Datid Plain, 
who was for some time Curator of the Cal¬ 
cutta Herbarium, while in 1895 he became 
professor oi botany at tlie Medical College 
there, as well as superintendent of the Royal 
Botanic Garden. 
