Success with Pansies indoors is dependent upon a good strain, and grow¬ 
ing conditions. A cool house temperature should be maintained, and ventila¬ 
tion should be good. Plenty of moisture will also be needed. Properly grown 
Pansies for cut flowers may be grown that are 3 inches in diameter on 6 
to 12 inch stems. 
POT PANSIES 
These are handled about the same as the outdoor stock, up to the time 
they are brought indoors. They should be outdoor grown in frames where 
they may be protected should severe weather be encountered until they 
begin showing buds. They may then be potted up or placed in boxes being 
brought indoors 2 to 3 weeks before they are wanted in flower. Sometimes 
in mid-winter a little more time should be given. Pot in large pots, 4 inch 
or larger, or boxes. Disturb the roots as little as possible when potting 
up. Brought indoors and treated about the same as the cut-flower stock 
they soon make nice specimen stock. If difficulty in supplying sufficient 
moisture is experienced after potting, plung the pots. 
This stock should be sown early (July or August). If grown until late 
winter or early spring outdoors they should be protected from severe 
freezes. They make fine stock for early porch boxes and urns as they give 
an abundance of flowers in these positions weeks before it is safe to set 
other flowers into them. Many of our customers use these to make two sales 
a year to fill the same boxes. 
Wintering Pansies Outdoors 
To begin with, it is definitely known that Pansies that were to be 
wintered outside should be given as good a start in the Fall as possible 
Seedlings should be of fair size—6 to 12 leaves—when transplanted and be 
in a firm condition of growth. Transplanted plants if to be wintered in the 
open must have good drainage, and sufficient time to become established 
before heavy ground freezes are to be expected. Those to be wintered in 
cold-frames with glass sash needn’t be given so much attention on these 
points. 
While glass frames in extremely cold climates are undoubtedly the best, 
they are by no means necessary for success. A loose mulch of small brush, 
or litter that will stand up off the plants so as not to smother them is good; 
but the most satisfactory method we have found is to plant in cold frames 
and cover in severe weather with lath shading frames. These are just lath 
nailed to cleats leaving an open space the width of a lath between each. 
On soils where texture is loose enough so as not to cause heaving of plants 
from freeze, these will provide all the protection necessary. On heavy soil, 
however, where there is danger of heave, glass protection is best; although 
mulch that will prevent quick and continual freezing and thawing will be 
sufficient. 
While some varieties of Pansies are apparently more hardy than others, 
in that foliage will withstand more freezing, it is impossible to breed into 
a plant immunity from the purely mechanical condition of the soil com¬ 
monly known as heave. This is caused by uneven contraction and expansion 
of the soil particles; creating pressure about the plant root that no plant can 
withstand regardless of breeding. This condition is most noticeable in 
heavy soils. Best preventative measure is to either add sand or manure to 
your soil to loosen it, or protect so that quick changes from a frozen con¬ 
dition are not likely to occur. 
Another point of interest about freeze damage is that it affects the ultimate 
size of flower produced by plants so affected in much the same way that 
poor soil would. Also that the finer hybrids are the first affected, and in 
severe cases many of the rare colors are completely lost. In fact the more 
hardy a variety is past a certain point the smaller the percentage of really 
fancy stock it will produce. Ordinarily, however, no real danger of loss 
from cold exists until temperatures that will affect hardy shrubs and Roses 
are experienced. 
It is not our intention in the foregoing paragraphs to lead you to believe 
the Pansy is difficult to winter properly. It is not! In the 30 years we have 
been growing them we have suffered minor losses but twice. 
We do, however, wish to point out what conditions might affect satis¬ 
factory results from our product so that you will know what to guard against. 
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