May 9, 1908. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
there were any necessity for it. You could 
probably with advantage plant against a 
wall before the end of May, but it would be 
safer to wait till the end of that month be¬ 
fore (planting in the open border. You 
should also be guided by the state of the 
weather for the time being, as a few days 
often means a deal of difference. 
FRUIT. 
2839- Pruning The Loganberry. 
What is the best time and method of prun¬ 
ing the Loganberry to get the best results. 
My plants are now 6 ft. long and not bushy 
like they were last year. How much should 
I shorten them, and should I do anything to 
last year’s ones? (R. Bullen, Hants.) 
You may treat the Loganberry very much 
in the same way as you would a Rasp-berry. 
The short stems which did not flower last 
year might very well be cut away, leaving 
the others full length or merely cutting off 
the weak and badly ripened tips. They 
should fruit with you this year. These stems 
will require supporting, and they may be 
supported in a variety of ways just like the 
Raspberry. Probably your most convenient 
way would be to put a stake to each cane, be¬ 
cause it should be as much exposed to light 
as possible, to get the largest number of 
"flowering and fruiting branches. 
GARDEN ENEMIES. 
2840. Carnations Stunted and Dying. 
Some of my Carnations in the open ground 
are in a very 'bad way. They are stunted 
and seem dying. The leaves are pale and 
have lost their green colour, especially near 
the ground. I should be glad if you could 
tell me what is the matter with them, or 
what I am to do. Would the snow have any¬ 
thing to do with 'it? The frost was not at 
all severe, and I can hardly think it was 
that. (T. Potter, Kent.) 
Judging from your (description of the Car¬ 
nations we should think they are attacked by 
eelwofm, but you might .have sent a speci¬ 
men for our inspection. Eelworms are micro¬ 
scopic in size and get inside the plants by 
means of the roots as a rule. They fre¬ 
quently get imported in soil, manure or 
water. To save the rarer varieties you could 
take off the healthy tops and root them in 
sandy soil in pots stood in a cold frame. 
We should then advise you to dig up all 
those that are evidently past remedy and 
burn them. To disinfect the soil it would 
be well worth your while to give the ground 
a good sprinkling with “ Vaporite ” or 
“ Kilogrub,” digging it in 6 in. deep. 
Around the other plrnits you could make 
holes with a stick and put about an ounce 
of “Vaporite” into four or six of such holes. 
This might help to save those that are not 
vet past remedy. Next autumn when potting 
up the layers it would be worth while to use 
some of these insecticides in the potting soil, 
because it would then become disinfected if 
it happened to be infested with eelworms 
and the latter would be unable to get into 
the roots of the Carnations. 
NAMES OF PLANT8 . 
(J. C. Scammell) Asclepias curassavica. 
(J. E. S.) The white flower is Dendrobium 
formosum, if the stems are as thick as the 
finger; if only as thick as a pencil it is D. 
infundibulum; 2, Lycaste Skinneri. 
(A. M. T.) 1. Arabis albida flore pleno; 2, 
Pulmonaria officinalis; 3, Vinca major ele- 
gantissima ; 4, Aubretia deVoidea Leicht- 
ltiruii; 5, Sedum acre aureum; 6, Sedum 
glaucum. 
(C. Wilson) r, Viburnum T-inus; 2, Cy- 
donia japonica; 3, Amelanchier canadensis 
(Snowy Mesipilus) ; 4, Ribes sanguineum ; 5, 
Ribes sanguineum pallidum. 
(C. W.) 1, Cybisus fragrans; 2, Coronilla 
glauca; 3, Gasterra verrucosa; 4, Acacia 
Drummondii; 5, Oxalis cernua. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
R. H. Bath, Ltd., The Floral Farms, Wis¬ 
bech.—Special List of Dahlias, Carnations, 
Canmas, Begonias, Summer-flowering Chry¬ 
santhemums, Bedding Plants, etc. 
uEES, Limited, Wapping, Liverpool.— 
Chrysanthemums, Dahlias, Carnations^ Bed¬ 
ding Plants, etc. 
-- 
Primroses and Auriculas 
' s — At Westminster. 
The annual exhibition of the National 
Auricula and Primula Society was held 
in conjunction with the R.H.S., at Vin¬ 
cent Square, Westminster, on the 28th 
ult. The day was exceedingly wet and 
unpropitious for the occasion, but, never¬ 
theless, there was a large attendance of 
visitors during the afternoon, and if it 
had been a dry day the Hall would have 
been uncomfortably crowded. The Auri¬ 
culas were much the same as in former 
years, but, if anything, the alpine section 
preponderated and had a very charming 
effect on account of the bright colours of 
the flowers. The Primroses and Polyan¬ 
thuses in many cases had been dug out of 
the ground after they had been buried 
under a greater or less depth of snow, 
but they were wonderfully fresh consider¬ 
ing that very uncommon accident at the 
end of April. 
Mr. James Douglas, Edenside, Great 
Bookham, Surrey, took the leading place 
for a collection of twenty-four show Auri¬ 
culas. The green-edged section was re¬ 
presented by Prince Charming, the grey 
edge by A. Barter and Abbe Liszt, the 
white edge by Heather Bell, Eucharis 
and Acme, all very charming varieties, 
while the seifs were represented by the 
splendid new Harrison Weir, Favourite, 
and Queen of Spain. The Rev. F. D. 
Horner, Burton-in-Lonsdale, took the 
second place here. 
For twelve show Auriculas Mr. J. 
Douglas again took the lead, followed by 
Mr. William Smith, Bishop's Stortford, 
For six show Auriculas J. T. Bennet-Poe, 
Esq. (gardener, Mr. J. Downes), 29, 
Ashley Place, S.W., took the lead, as he 
did in the class for four show Auriculas. 
Fine varieties were Miss Barnett, Miss 
Prim, Mrs. Phillips and Abraham Barker. 
Martin R. Smith, Esq. (gardener, Mr. 
C. Blick), The Warren, Hayes, Kent, 
had the best green-edged Auricula in 
The Sirdar, and Mr. William Smith had 
the best white-edged variety in Stately. 
For many years past Mr. Douglas has 
been strong in alpine Auriculas, and on 
this occasion took the lead for twenty-four 
varieties, showing Phyllis Douglas, 
Rover, Rosie Morn, Mrs. Markham, 
General Buller, and Jacoby, all very fine 
varieties. He was followed by Messrs. 
Phillips and Taylor, Bracknell, by Mar¬ 
tin R. Smith, Esq., and by Mr. Charles 
Turner in this order. Mr. Douglas also 
took the lead for twelve alpine Auriculas, 
and was followed by Martin R. Smith, 
Esq. 
In the group for Primroses and Poly¬ 
anthuses, the lead was taken by Mr. S. 
Mortimer, Rowledge, F arnham, Surrey, 
who was followed by Mr. John Crook, 
The Avenue, Camberley, Surrey. These 
were a very fine strain, showing great 
variety of colour and looked well, al¬ 
though they had been dug out of the 
snow. 
Martin R. Smith, Esq., had the best 
group of Primulas and Auriculas, show¬ 
ing a number of beautiful species includ¬ 
ing the orange coloured Primula cock- 
burniana. He also had the best twelve 
Primulas, including in this lot P. fron- 
dosa, P. rosea, P. Veitchi and other types. 
JWslcuUs. 
Notwithstanding the great perfection to 
which the florist’s Auricula has been 
brought, new varieties continue to appear, 
showing improvements upon old kinds, 
or different colours, or plants with 
stronger constitution. A very distinct and 
charming one was Harrison Weir, being 
a scarlet coloured self Auricula belong¬ 
ing, of course, to the show type. 
Amongst the alpines Phyllis Douglas had 
a cream centre with maroon body colour 
and light purple edge. Another very 
handsome alpine was Mrs. James Doug¬ 
las with a cream centre, dark maroon 
body colour and bright purple edge. 
These three were raised by and exhibited 
in the stands of Mr. James Doug¬ 
las. A very handsome alpine was The 
Idol, with a gold centre, blackish- 
maroon body colour and crimson edge. 
This was shown by Messrs. Phillips and 
Taylor. Another new alpine was Miss 
Audrey Campbell with gold centre, 
bronzy maroon body colour and old gold 
edge. This was shown by Martin R. 
Smith, Esq. All of the above are acqui¬ 
sitions to their respective classes. 
A New Soap Tree. 
The nut-shaped hulls surrounding the 
seed in the fruit of the Sapindus muko- 
rosse, an oi*namental tree some fifty feet 
high, contains, it has been recently found, 
from thirty to forty per cent, of soapy 
matter, or saponine. Its cleansing powers 
are said to be superior to any manufac¬ 
tured soap. 
Landscape Gardening. 
Lecturing on April 28th, at the Royal 
Horticultural Hall, on the 11 Profession of 
Landscape Gardening,” Mr. E. White re¬ 
marked that in Germany the subject is an 
important one in all public and horti¬ 
cultural schools, chiefly that of Potsdam. 
In France the central institution is the 
Ecole Nationale d’Horticulture, in Ver¬ 
sailles. It is also taught in Austria. The 
United States affords the model prece¬ 
dent, for here the subject of landscape 
gardening is considered a very serious 
one, and the subject is found in the cur¬ 
riculum of most of the leading Universi¬ 
ties, especially that of Harvard, whose 
course includes the Principles of Land¬ 
scape Gardening, Elementary Botany, 
Experimental Physics, Phisiography, Ele¬ 
mentary Geology, Principles of Design in 
Architecture, Sculpture, etc. The lack of 
similar facilities in England is a matter 
for comment, and should demand the at¬ 
tention of educational authorities here. 
