October 31, 1908. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
687 
The Flower Garden. 
lling Borders. 
Sometimes it is advisable to leave certain 
mmer-flowering subjects in the beds until 
ry late in the season. Where this is the 
se the work of filling other borders should 
pushed forward As much as possible, 
msies are always better if planted in 
sir flowering quarters in the autumn, 
lose persons who make it a custom to 
n-chase these and other kinds of spring 
■wering plants in the spring, would do 
>11 to break their rule and put in the 
ants now. Pansies, especially, become 
awn and weakly if left overcrowded to- 
ther in a young state. 
You may have beds of Pansies of distinct 
lours, named or mixed colours. The 
tter are very effective. If dot plants are 
ed they should be those of light, feathery 
owth, as too much shading spoils the 
msies. Polyanthuses should also be 
anted at once; the crimson shades in beds 
■ Themselves, and the yellow shades also 
other beds, look charming and most 
iective, much more so than where all coi¬ 
ns are mixed in the same border. 
Put in Wallflower plants as soon as possi- 
e; if left until spring time before they 
e transplanted many lower leaves will be 
st. The soil should be just moderately 
;h, and if you have any old mortar rub- 
sh mix some with the soil; make the 
tter fairly firm immediately it is dug and ( 
hen planting the Wallflowers make the 
il firm around the roots. Silenes, Myo- 
tis (Forget-me-not), Aubretias, and similar 
ants should also be got in without delay, 
viding Pyrethrums. 
These are delightful plants for the border, 
ey are perfectly hardy and will withstand 
lot of rough treatment. They are ideal 
ants for a beginner to grow. There are 
any very beautiful varieties of both the 
>uble and single flowered. Large roots 
lould now be lifted, divided and replanted, 
the clumps be allowed to remain in the 
me place for a number of years their 
rength will diminish. In Fig. 1, A shows 
large clump as lifted from the border, 
ch a clump may be divided into three or 
□re parts as shown by the dark lines drawn 
rough the cluster of roots. B shows a 
art of a large clump after the latter has 
en divided, and this smaller portion, if 
planted in good soil, will, next year, give 
fine displaj’- of large blooms. The trans¬ 
iting of clumps of herbaceous plants in 
is manner is a means of increasing the 
imber, strengthening the- growths and in¬ 
easing the size of the flowers. Pyrethrums 
-nerally. possess great masses of fibrous 
jots, which penetrate the soil to a consider - 
>le depth; so that it is desirable that the 
'rder soil be deeply trenched for their 
1 ception. 
-Trysanthemums. 
Specimens planted in open borders may 
>w . lilted and placed on borders in 
,neries or Peach houses to finish their 
wering there. It is onlv necessary to 
: liter a small quantity of soil over’ the 
0 q on the border and then water them, 
ants in full flower in the open borders 
ould be protected from frosts at night. 
Climbers. 
■Climbers on walls, pergolas, arbours and 
arches should be examined at once and all 
2 
Fig. 1.—Lift and divide Pyrethrums now. 
A shows an old clump to he divided as shown 
by the two dark lines; B shows a -portion of 
the clump ready for planting. 
faded leaves lodged in the branches cleared 
away. This work is necessary as it tends to 
keep the plants clean and tidy. 
Fig. 2.—Make 'holes now in readiness for 
the planting of fruit trees, and fix strong 
stakes. A, stake ; B, space kept clear of soil 
taken from the hole. 
The Fruit Garden. 
Preparations for Planting. 
The actual work of planting may be 
Fig. 3. — Protect heaps of manure in the 
kitchen garden. A, manure; B, doors or 
hoards placed on stakes, C, C. 
greatly facilitated if you get all stakes 
ready, make holes, and fix the stakes as 
shown in Fig. 2. At A the stake is shown 
driven into the ground near the centre of 
the hole, as the stem of the tree itself should 
be in the centre. The hole should be made 
large enough to contain the roots of the 
fruit trees without any of them touching the 
sides. As regards the depth, err on the safe 
side and make the holes tco shallow rather 
than too deep. You can easily take out a 
little more soil if the holes are too shallow 
when planting is being done, and so avoid 
putting in the trees too deeply as you may 
be tempted to do if the holes are very deep. 
Throw out the soil in lumps, do not break 
it up, but keep one side B clear for stand¬ 
ing on without treading down the loose soil. 
Some Good Kinds and Varieties. 
Of Dessert Plums the following varieties 
are good ones : Early Favourite, Huling’s 
Superb, Green Gage, Bryanston Gage, Early 
Transparent Gage, Golden Esperen, Jeffer¬ 
son, Kirke’s, Reine Claude de Bavay, Coe’s 
Golden Drop. 
Of Kitchen Plums : Early Prolific, Per- 
shore, Early Orleans, The Czar, Denbigh, 
Victoria, Pond’s Seedling, Washington, 
Prince Engelbert, Grand Duke and Late 
Prolific are good ones. 
Of Cherries : Early Rivers, Early Red 
Bigarreau, Elton, Governor Wcod, Black 
Heart, Large Red Bigarreau, Knight’s Early 
Black, Late Duke, May Duke, Late Black 
Bigarreau, White Heart Bigarreau, Flor¬ 
ence and Morello, are select varieties. 
Many Plums will do well on north walls, 
but the Morello should be given this position 
in preference to any other. 
Apricots require south, south-west, and 
west walls. The following are suitable 
varieties to plant, namely : Hemskerk, Moor¬ 
park, New Large Early, Peach, Royal and 
Early Moorpark. 
The best varieties of Peaches are Early 
Alfred, Alexandra, Early Beatrice, Hale’s 
Early, Noblesse, Royal George, Waterloo, 
Walbunton Admirable; Nectarines, Balgow- 
an, Early Rivers, Elruge, Hunt’s ,Tawny, 
Stanwick Elruge and Lord Napier. 
A list of the best bush fruits will be given 
in next week’s “Work of the Week.” 
The Kitchen Garden. 
Manure. 
In kitchen gardens it is often necessary 
to have heaps of manure and to prepare it 
there before applying it to the soil. Littery 
manure should be reduced in bulk and made 
fit for digging in. But during the process, 
if it be exposed to rains, much nourishing 
food for plants contained in it will be 
washed away. Therefore it is a wise plan 
to protect the manure heap. A simple way 
of doing this is shown in Fig. 3. A few 
stakes, several old doors, sheets of corru¬ 
gated iron, or some boards will answer the 
purpose. The manure is shown at A, the 
covering material B, and the side stakes 
at CC. 
Digging; and Trenching. 
A lot of ground cleared of summer crops 
will now be occupied by winter greens if 
previous instructions, given in The Garden¬ 
ing World, have been carried out. But, no 
doubt, there are still vacant spaces and these 
should be deeply dug or trenched forthwith. 
Potato Haulm. 
If any haulm has beeni left on the ground 
lose no time in getting it cleared off and 
burned. It is a great mistake to allow the 
haulm to be on the soil. 
Celery. 
Do the final earthing-up at once, finishing 
