November 14, 1908. 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
719 
VEGETABLES. 
3379. Potatos Scabbed. 
Our Snowdrop Kidney Potatos were very 
much scabbed this year, so that I could not 
show them as in former years. When lifting 
them I found them worse than I expected. 
The soil is a good black loam. Can you 
suggest a reason for this, or let me know 
if°diere is any cure? (G. Harrison, Sur¬ 
rey.) 
Some varieties seem to be more liable to be 
scabbed than others. It is not a bad ail¬ 
ment, though it makes the Potatos unsightly. 
It generally means that the ground is un¬ 
clean. A good plan would be to give the 
ground a good dressing of gas lime, using 
a bushel to a rod at the present time. This 
should be dug into the ground at once. No¬ 
thing should be planted for two months 
after using the gas lime if it is fresh. In 
spring, if you plant Potatos there again, 
you could, as a precaution, scatter some 
flowers of sulphur along the furrows in 
which you are planting the Potatos. The 
lime in the autumn and the suphur in spring 
should serve to destroy the fungus which 
causes the scabbing. 
FRUIT. 
3380. Lifting Large Apple Trees. 
I am very much obliged for the exceed¬ 
ingly complete reply to my query in regard 
to grease-banding, etc. The bands are on, 
but so far Cheimatobia brumata has not 
turned up. There is another point upon 
which I should-like some information if you 
will again be so kind. I have three Apple 
trees planted so near to the road that they 
are very attractive to the local boys. They 
have been there about seven years, are about 
12 ft. high, and, say, 7 in. or 8 in. in cir¬ 
cumference. Could these be taken up and 
planted elsewhere, or are they too large and 
old to be so treated. I have seen it stated 
that large and old trees cannot be lifted, but 
do not know whether mine would be con¬ 
sidered old or large. (Hamptonian, Middle¬ 
sex.) 
Apples and various other fruit of much 
greater age than yours, and therefore larger, 
are sometimes lifted and transplanted else¬ 
where. If the trees were valuable we should 
root-prune them at the present time and leave 
them in the same situation till next autumn. 
They would then lift with plenty of fibrous 
roots within a reasonable distance of the 
trunk and could be lifted with some soil ad¬ 
hering to the mass of roots. We do not 
think, however, that you would have great 
risk in moving them at the present time if 
you take out a trench with the fork about 
3 ft. from the trunk all round. Strong 
roots that run beyond this could be severed 
at that distance from the trunk. With the 
fork dig underneath until you get at the 
roots which run down perpendicularly into 
the soil. They should be cut quite close to 
the trunk. Preserve all the fibrous roots 
which you can. Lift with a good ball of 
soil and carry them to their fresh situation. 
This could be done by using boards and 
levers, or simply a hand-barrow with two 
men at the handles and one to keep the tree 
steady while it was being carried. Have the 
holes taken out and ready previously to lift¬ 
ing the trees, then take the lifted tree - 
straight to the hole and insert it at the pro¬ 
per depth, fill in the soil and make it quite 
firm all round the ball oT soil. The tree 
should be no deeper in the soil than it was 
before. Then give a good watering, and 
this will settle the recently moved soil about 
the roots. 
3381. Cutting Back Loganberries. 
I have planted two Loganberry vines. 
Each has three runners about 6 ft. long. 
Shall I have to cut them back or let them 
remain the whole length, or just take off the 
tips? (Novice, Middlesex.) 
It very much depends upon the condition 
of the roots of the Loganberries. If they are 
in pots the roots would not be much 
damaged, but would be able to support the 
stems after being planted out. If they were 
dug’ out of the ground when you had them, 
then we should cut them back to within 2 ft. 
of the ground. This would save the strain 
upon the damaged roots and encourage the 
plant to devote its energies to the production 
of strong suckers next year. This is pre¬ 
cisely the case with Raspberries. It is ne¬ 
cessary to allow them to get established be¬ 
fore you can expect fruit from tl em. By 
cutting them back we think you would only 
miss one year of fruit from them. 
GARDEN ENEMIES. 
3382. Marguerites Blotched. 
I 'have some Marguerites in the greenhouse 
that are much blotched with great patches, 
and I found a grub in one. Will } r ou let 
me know what this is, and the best way to 
get rid of it? (G. Harrison, Surrey.) 
The igxub you found was the young of a 
small black fly named Phytomyza nigricor- 
nis, which lays its eggs upon the leaves, and 
as these hatch out they penetrate the tissue 
of the leaf between the two skins forming 
the tunnels or blotches of which you com¬ 
plain. The worst of the leaves may be 
pulled off and burned at once to destroy the 
grubs in them. If you turn up the underside 
of the leaf of those that are not badly 
spoiled you will ibe able to see the situation 
of the grub, which could be killed by squeez¬ 
ing with the thumb and' finger without cut¬ 
ting off the leaf. No insecticide can get at 
these grubs without destroying the leaves. 
You can syringe the foliage, however, with 
tobacco water to keep the mother flies from 
laying their eggs there. 
3383. Gas Lime and Slugs. 
I have an allotment garden, about 56 yds. 
long and 8 yds. wide. I have had a load of 
gas lime spread all over the surface and 
shall dig it in deeply. I shall not plant 
anything on it before March next. I have 
been told I have done wrong by putting it 
on, and I shall have nothing grow next year. 
Will you please let me know if right or 
wrong through your valuable paper, The 
Gardening World, and oblige? I have put 
the lime on to kill slugs, etc. The ground 
is full of them. (T. Ashmore, Warwick¬ 
shire.) 
Gas lime is dangerous to plant life when 
it is fresh, but if it has lain'for six or eight 
weeks the injurious properties become 
changed chemically, and the lime is then 
harmless to plant life. As you do not in¬ 
tend to plant before March this change will 
have been effected long before then, and your 
plants will take no harm. 
3384. Celery Damaged. 
Can you tell me what is the matter with 
my Celery, which showed large white 
patches on the leaves a week or two ago, and 
indeed they are all falling to pieces. What 
must I do to preserve the Celery, or is there 
any cure? (Annoyed, Herts.) 
The damage to your Celery has been done 
by the grubs of the Celery Leaf Miner 
(Tephritis Onopordimis). You cannot effect 
a cure now, as the damage is already as 
complete as it can be. You may find small 
grubs in the soil close to the plants, and in 
that case you should collect and destroy 
them, as they would be in all likelihood the 
pupa cases of the fly. Use the Celery as 
soon as it is blanched. The stalks, however, 
we think should keep for six weeks in the 
soil yet in fairly good condition. After the 
whole of the Celery has been lifted you could 
then give the ground a dressing with gas 
lime, digging it into the soil. This will 
NEVER 
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It is alia question of health and vitality. 
Most of the il's that flesh is heir to come 
from an impaired digestion. Keep your 
digestion in order, and I tell you you will 
be all right. But, instead of rushing to 
drugs and stimulants to effect this, give 
your body a chance by giving it proper 
nourishment. 
All is not gold that glitters, as you have 
no doubt heard said before; also a bad 
thing is dear at any price. And this brings 
us back to the silver six¬ 
pence with which I started. 
Do not spend it on 
medicines which will do 
you no good—and the 
cheapest of them will cost 
you more than one silver 
sixpence—but just straight way invest it in 
a packet of Vi-Cocoa and become strong 
and healthy, as thousands of men and 
women have already done. 
You can try it free of expense. Write 
for Vi-Cocoa, 12, Henry Street, London, 
W.C., for a dainty sample tin of Dr. 
Tibbies’ Vi-Cocoa, free and post paid. 
It is a plain, honest, straightforward offer. 
It is done to introduce the merits of Vi- 
Cocoa into every home. 
help to destroy other pupae in the soil. The 
little cases, of which we speak, lie in the 
soil until next summer, about the time the 
Celery is being planted out in the open, 
when .the perfect fly issues forth to attack the 
plants again. To counteract this you should 
adopt the plan above recommended. After 
the young plants have been put in the open 
ground it usually serves to drive away the 
flies if you dust the Celery with soot in a 
dry condition. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
3385. Books. 
I shall be glad if you can inform me 
whether I can buy a book with coloured 
illustrations of every known cultivated 
flower; also a book with coloured illustra¬ 
tions of every known cultivated Rose, and 
a book with coloured illustrations of 
every known wild flower. . Kindly state 
the price of book or books. (A. A. Street, 
Surrey.) 
There is no such book as one containing 
coloured illustrations of every known culti¬ 
vated flower. Only a small number of these 
cultivated flowers ever get painted, and such 
paintings are generally employed for some 
other purpose than for making a book. 
Neither have the Roses been dealt with as 
you state. Only a scattered few of them 
get published in the pages of quite a variety 
of publications. There are books containing 
