November 21, 1908. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
727 
exciting the plants at this season of the 
year. This object can be secured in 
greenhouses by ventilation. 
Tree Carnations. 
Little water will now be required, but 
the plants being in the flowering condi¬ 
tion, or approaching that stage, they 
should be looked over every day and 
their wants supplied. In foggy weather 
watering will be reduced to a minimum 
and no ventilation should be given dur¬ 
ing the actual prevalence of fog, except, 
it may be, for a little while during the 
middle of the day when the atmosphere 
of the house is nice and warm. This 
will serve to dispel damp. If a tempera¬ 
ture of 55 degs. at night is being main¬ 
tained to enable the flowers to open freely, 
this may be allowed to drop to 50 degs. 
or 52 degs. to lessen the effects of fog 
near smoky towns. 
Malmaison Carnations. 
Everything in the house where these 
are grown in quantity should be kept on 
the dry side, especially the Carnations, 
both at the root and overhead, to lessen 
the risk of rust and other diseases. Wipe 
up any water that may have been spilled 
on the floor and ventilate freely in all 
favourable weather. The motto should 
be to keep them cool, dry and resting. 
Marguerite Carnations. 
When late batches of this free-flowering 
and fragrant race of Carnations are grown 
a temperature of 50 degs. should be main¬ 
tained to enable the flowers to open freely. 
A well-lighted greenhouse or conserva¬ 
tory is the best place to keep flowering 
plants, and they should be associated 
with other subjects intended for flowering 
in winter, such as Chinese Primulas, Cy¬ 
clamens, Salvias, etc. If a house could 
be given up to them entirely they could 
be given the necessary treatment without 
interfering with plants that should be rest¬ 
ing. 
American Carnations. 
As these are now in bloom a night tem¬ 
perature of 50 degs. will be necessary, 
and a few varieties do better if this is 
raised to 52 degs. or 54 degs. Preference 
should be given for vaiieties that succeed 
at the lower temperature so long as they 
supply the colours required. Lady Boun¬ 
tiful, "Enchantress, Nelson Fisher, Har- 
lowarden, Harry Fenn, Mrs. M. A. Pat¬ 
ten, Fair Maid, Victory, etc., open kindly 
in a temperature of 48 degs. to 52 degs. 
J. D. F. W. 
- +++ - 
Sir Daniel Morris, K.C.M.G., V.M.H., etc. 
The President and Council of the Royal 
Horticultural Society have unanimously 
appointed Sir Daniel Morris to be an 
Honorary Life Fellow of the Society in 
recognition of his valuable services to 
horticulture in various parts of the em¬ 
pire. 
Gold Medal for Webb and Sons. 
At the Birmingham Chrysanthemum 
Show a gold medal was awarded to 
Messrs. E. Webb and Sons, of the Royal 
Seed Establishment, Wordsley, Stour¬ 
bridge, for an exhibit of vegetables, etc., 
comprising about 100 varieties and in¬ 
cluding Melons, Tomatos, Cucumbers, 
Peas, Beans, Cauliflowers, Carrots, and 
other kinds in a high state of develop¬ 
ment. 
The Flower Garden. 
Every week now shows increased bareness 
in the flower garden. From deciduous trees 
and shrubs the leaves are falling very fast 
and soon the branches will rear themselves 
gaunt and leafless in the air. But to the real 
gardener—the enthusiast—there is a beauty 
in even the leafless trees and shrubs. Ex¬ 
amine the branches closely and you will 
find them studded with plump buds, and the 
varying colour of the bark is also attractive. 
Ihose fat buds give promise of a grand 
display of foliage again next season, and, 
furthermore, if we always had the beautiful 
leaves before us we might get tired of look¬ 
ing at them, or, at least, rather indifferent. 
But as they disappear for a season and new 
ones come again our interest in the trees is 
whetted, as it were, not only as regards trees 
and shrubs, but in gardening matters 
generally. 
Lifting Shrubs. 
The recent spell of dry weather is past, 
the soil is quite moist, and we can now at¬ 
tend to the lifting and replanting of shrubs 
and trees. When the latter are removed 
with a nice ball of soil adhering to the roots 
there need not be much worrying about their 
future well being, provided, of course, stak¬ 
ing and watering be done in a proper man¬ 
ner. If a tree is constantly being blown to 
and fro by the strong winds after it has been 
transplanted, it will not readily root into 
the new soil. 
Fig. 1 shows how a shrub should be lifted. 
More soil should be taken out on one side 
of the tree or bush than the opposite, and 
at a sufficient distance to be quite free of the 
roots. Then open a trench on the other side 
and lever the mass of roots and soil over. 
The wide trench A will allow of this, and 
so you will be able to lift out the bush B 
with a nice quantity of soil attached to the 
roots. 
In replanting be sure you make the holes 
larger than the balls of soil and roots, and 
if the soil be of poor quality add some rotted 
manure to it, mixing all thoroughly to¬ 
gether. Shrubs and trees are often starved, 
and the wonder is that we have so many 
fine specimens in our gardens considering the 
fact that very rarely is any manure put to 
the roots. 
Bulbs in Beds. 
No time should be lost in getting the work 
of bulb planting finished. The summer¬ 
flowering plants have done so well late in 
the year that many persons have been loth 
tctake them up; and so very little time was 
available for the due preparation of the beds 
for the reception of the bulbs. 
Lawns. 
Make good use of the heavy roller now 
the turf is softened by recent rains. Rake 
off moss, too, with an iron-toothed rake, and 
then put on a dressing of wood ashes. But 
in very bad cases draining will be the only 
remedy for moss on lawns. Use the broom 
freely on the lawn, not only for the purpose 
of sweeping up leaves, but for scattering 
worm-casts before the roller is passed over 
them. 
Fig. 3 shows how to -plant a fruit tree. At 
A some broken-up soil is placed under the 
roots; B shows the latter well spread out. 
New Lawns and the Renovation of Old 
Ones. 
Where it is the intention of owners to make 
new lawns, or to relay portions of old ones, 
all preparations should be made for the due 
carrying out of the work. New soil must 
be sifted, levelling done, and turves cut. 
The Fruit Garden. 
Planting Fruit Trees. 
I have given lists of fruit trees in previous 
issues of The Gardening World ; now every 
effort should be made to get the trees planted 
as quickly as possible, but, of course, you 
must not put in the trees while the ground 
is in a sticky condition. The soil should 
crumble nicely, then you will be able to 
work it in thoroughly among the roots and 
to make it firm as it ought to be. When j'ou 
receive the trees from the nursery take note 
of the soil mark on the stems. This mark 
will show you how deep the trees were 
planted, and you should put them in just 
as deeply, neither more nor less. If the 
weather "be frosty do not unpack the trees, 
