the gardening world. 
January 23, 1909. 
Sdifopiol. 
Stmtawe ot fmU. 
After the fertilisation of the flowers, the 
various parts of the young seed vessel 
often undergo a considerable amount of 
modification whereby the true structure 
becomes much disguised by the time the 
fruit is full grown. The late H. Marshall 
Ward has made a bold attempt to illus¬ 
trate the structure of many fruits, both 
common and uncommon, in a series of 
books entitled “Trees,” Vol. IV. being 
confined to “ Fruits.” 
While the various forms of fruit are 
being discussed, they are illustrated by 
means of admirably executed drawings 
in black and white, by which the reader 
can readily see the various parts and 
understand the structure by the use of 
the text with the accompanying illustra¬ 
tions. In many cases the embryo fruit is 
shown in the flowering stage and onwards 
until it reaches its ultimate shape and full 
maturity. Those who have time for study 
in the long winter evenings would find 
this a useful book to get an understanding 
about many strange and uncommon, as 
well as common, fruits which are much 
misunderstood by the uninitiated. 
Taking the Pea family alone, the stu¬ 
dent will find many remarkable forms of 
fruit which are quite unlike those of the 
ordinary garden Pea, but if he follows out 
the modifications as shown here, he will 
see all the disguises upon the original 
which nature forms in order to serve cer¬ 
tain purposes. Although the subject is 
entitled “Trees,” the author makes use of 
various fruits which may be found 
amongst herbaceous plants, and all this 
aids the reader in understanding such 
fruits as that of the Maple,Mjqlberry, Rose, 
Sweet Chestnut, Flazel Nut, the keys of 
past autumn, but we noted it in bloom i 
the beginning of November. In variou 
parts it has been flowering more or les 
continuously ever since, and the shar 
frost which came during the last week < 
the old year merely had the effect c 
damaging those flowers which were full 
expanded. When the thaw came the ui 
injured buds seemed as happy as eve: 
and commenced opening with the cor 
tinuance of mild weather, or rather th 
absence of frost, for there have been man 
boisterous nights and days even since tt 
advent of the New Year. It is this con 
plete hardiness which makes the winte: 
flowering Jasmine one of the most vah 
able shrubs we have, for we can depen 
upon it not only withstanding the winte 
but in blooming every year in the inte 
vals between actual frost or snow whic 
alone can damage the flowers. 
Those who are fortunate in possessir 
a plant of this Jasmine can study it at tt 
present time for its requirements in pru; 
ing. The accompanying illustration wi 
show 7 a bunch of one-year-old-shoots, an 
those alone produce the flowers, or ce 
tainly all the best of them. No prunir. 
Winter-flowering Jasmine (Jasminum nudiflorum). 
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the Ash, the strange fruit of the Walnut, 
the Almond, the WateT Lily, the cones of 
Pine trees, the strange and tiny fruits 
of the Birch, and the winged fruits of the 
Elm, which are ripe and ready to fall in 
June. The book is published at the Cam¬ 
bridge University Press Warehouse (C. F. 
Clay, manager), Fetter Lane, London, 
E.C., at 4s. 6d. 
-- 
The Winter-Flowering 
Jasmipe. 
^- (Jasminum nudiflorum.) 
A good many plants have been intro¬ 
duced to this country which are more or 
less valuable because they bloom in win¬ 
ter, but their real value depends upon 
their capability of withstanding a tempor¬ 
ary lowering of the temperature or a sharp 
night’s frost, to which we are liable at 
any time in winter. In some seasons this 
species commences to bloom in October, 
and possibly may have done so during the 
