5°8 
August i, 1908. 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
The number of years that a plantation of 
Strawberries will remain remunerative de¬ 
pends largely upon the soil, and to some ex¬ 
tent upon the variety. In a good, holding 
soil, the Strawberries will remain fruitful 
from three to six years. It would be as 
well, however, to make sure of having a 
good supply next year by making a fresh 
plantation this year, even if it is only half 
the size of the present one. Next year you 
can plant a similar area, so that the com¬ 
pleted bed would equal in size the first one. 
The plants would, of course, also be of dif¬ 
ferent ages, then when the first bed seems 
failing — and this may happen next year— 
you can root up the plants, trench the 
ground and use it for other crops for a year 
or two. In any case, we think it well not to 
depend on a plantation of Strawberries for 
more than three years. After you have made 
some experiments this way, <you will be able 
to determine how long the plantation will 
last in your particular soil. 
VEGETABLES. 
3078. Cabbages and Carrots. 
I am very much annoyed about a large 
planting of Cabbages, which all seem to be 
dying one after the other. On pulling up 
one the other day I found the neck of the 
same full of small white maggots. Can you 
please tell me what is the cause of this, and 
the remedy? (L .M. G., Birmingham.) 
Your Cabbages are being destroyed by the 
Cabbage-fly (Anthomyia Brassicae). Various 
remedies have been applied for this trouble, 
such as making a saturated solution of lime- 
water and thoroughly watering the base of 
the plants with it. Anothefl remedy is to 
use a solution of soft soajp at the rate of 
4 ozs. to the gallon of water, and pour this 
round the neck of the plants. You might 
also try the powerful new remedies such as 
Kilogrub or Alphol. Whichever of these 
dressings you use you should then earth up 
the plants all over, watering them in dry 
weather, as some of them will root into the 
soil and thus take a fresh lease of life. 
3079. Tomatos Drooping. 
Can you please tell me the cause of 
Tomato plants drooping, and apparently 
dying, as though for want of water. I en¬ 
close samples of two plants on which I no¬ 
tice small excrescences; they are also brown 
on the inside of the stems, apparently run¬ 
ning the length of them. (Gurney, Hants.) 
Your Tomatos are evidently affected by the 
sleeping disease, caused by the fungus 
named Fusarium Lyoopersici. The plants 
that are dying should be carefully lifted at 
once and burned, roots and all. The fungus 
first attacks and enters by the roots from the 
soil. You should then spread a heavy dress¬ 
ing of quicklime on the soil that was occu¬ 
pied by them and dig it well in to destroy 
the fungus and prevent it from spreading in 
the house, if possible. There is really no 
cure for it after it enters the plant. The 
fruits that are well advanced may ripen in 
fair quantity. Kilogrub or Alphol dug into 
the soil would probably answer equally well 
as lime. After the crop has been gathered 
all the plants should be carefully dug up 
and burned, then take out the soil in the 
border and remove it from the garden. You 
should then give the border, the walls, and 
the glass of the house a heavy spraying with 
a solution of iron sulphate before making 
up the border for Tomatos again. The 
brown markings on the stems indicate the 
presence of the fungus, but the excrescences 
were quite natural, so that no account may 
be taken of them. 
SOILS AND MANURES . 
3080. Sample of Soil. 
Seeing that I am a regular reader of The 
Gardening World, I thought I would take 
the liberty of troubling you fox once with 
my troubles. I am sending you a sample 
of the soil of my garden for examination. 
The roots of everything I grow turn red like 
the Celery and Carrots I have enclosed. 
Everything seems stunted. The garden is 
open and due south. It is the second year 
of working it. It has had no manure this 
year. Hoping you will be able to give me 
an explanation of the roots. (Red Roots, 
Lancs.) 
The soil you sent us was a good heavy 
loam, there being a good deal of clay in it; 
indeed it may be described as a yellow loam, 
with a good percentage of sand in it. The 
sample had mostly crumbled up finely be¬ 
fore it reached us. What it wants is fre¬ 
quent trenching and plenty of horse manure 
to make it more porous, and also hold the 
moisture in summer. The Celery you sent 
us was a red stem variety, with nothing 
wrong about it. The roots were abundant 
but very short, showing that the ground 
was hard and that there was not, sufficient 
moisture in it to enable them to penetrate it. 
The surface soil should have been well 
stirred during the recent hot weather and 
heavily watered every day while that heat 
lasted. If that had been the case the plants 
would now grow away rapidly as the soil 
is now quite moist. The Carrots were 
healthy but very small. Surely you must 
have sown them very late, or your situation 
lies very high. One of the Carrots was 
crooked, showing (that the soil wants plenty 
of working and manuring; watering in dry 
weather would help them greatly until you 
get your ground into better working condi¬ 
tion. We should have no fear in growing a 
variety of subjects in it, but we should 
spend a good deal of time in trenching, 
manuring and tilling it generally. 
NAMES OF PLANTS. 
(iC. B., Sussex). The blue Campanula is 
Campanula persioifolia; the white one Cam¬ 
panula persicifolia alba; the brown plant 
without leaves is the Broom-rape (Orobanche 
minor), a parasite on the roots of grass, 
clover, etc. 
(G. R.) 1, Galega officinalis; 2, Helenium 
autumnale pumilum; 3, Campanula pyrami- 
dalis alba; 4, Verbascum nigrum; 5, Ve¬ 
ronica Teucrium latifolia ; 5, Lathyrus lati- 
folius albus ; 6, Geum miniatum. 
(A. M. D.) 1, Spiraea discolor; 2, Spiraea 
salicifolia; 3, Olearia Haastii; 4, Kerria ja- 
ponioa; 5, Veronica Traversii. 
(W. Read) 1, Fatsia japonica (often named 
Aralia Sieboldii) ; 2, Begonia weltoniensis ; 
3, Campanula isophylla. 
(J. S. E.). The wild Everlasting Pea 
(Lathyrus sylvestris). 
(D. W. D.) 1, The White Lily (Lilium 
candidum); 2, Digitalis ambigua; 3, Spiraea 
Ulmaria; 4, Spiraea Aruncus; 5, Lilium 
Martagon album; 6, Thalictrum angusti- 
folium; 7, Inula glandulosa; 8, Lilium 
monadelphum szovitzianum ; 9, Lilium tenui- 
folium; 10, Asphodeline lutea; 11, Macro- 
tomia echioides, or Prophet Flower; 12, 
Tradesoantia virginiana alba. 
(G. G.). The broad leaf is Alisma Plan- 
tago-aquatica; the plant with three leaflets 
is the Bog Bean (Menyanthes trifoliata); the 
yellow flower is Hypericum quadrangulum ; 
the spiny plant is Ononis spinosa. (Many 
thanks for. your mindfulness and informa¬ 
tion). 
(A. M.), 1, Galega officinalis alba; 2, 
Oenothera speciosa ; 3, Potentilla nepalensis ; 
4, Veronica longifolia; 5, Mimulus luteus; 
6, Erigeron speciosus. 
(R. P. S.) 1, Alyssum argenteum ; 2, Cam¬ 
panula latifolia ; 3, Lathyrus latifolius ; 4, 
Dianthus deltci'Lus. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVE! 
Stewart and Co., 6, Melbourne Plac 
Edinburgh.—Bulb Catalogue. 
Barr and Sons, ii, 12 and 13, King Stree 
Covent Garden, London.—Autumn and Wii 
ter-flowering Bulbs for Early Planting. 
F. Herbert Chapman, F.R.H.S., Rye.- 
Rare and Choice Daffodils and Narcissi. 
-f+4- 
The Brockley and District Amatei 
Gardeners’ Association is the name of 
new horticultural society. 
The Midland Carnation and Picotee Society 
This society will hold their annual she 
at the Edgbaston Botanical Gardens, Bi 
mingham, on August 6th and 7th. ] 
addition to Carnations and Picotees, sp 
cial classes are provided for Sweet Pea 
Full particulars may be obtained from ll 
hon. secretary and treasurer, Mr. 
Humphreys, the Botanical Gardens, B: 
mingham. 
The Destruction of Rats. 
The Agriculture and Horticulture Su 
Committee of the East Suffolk Coun 
Education Committee some time since i 
structed the secretary to the committ 
to attend an experiment for the desttu 
tion of rats on the Gainsborough Ro; 
Estate, Ipswich, by the use of Ratin. T 1 
secretary has reported that on Janua 
22nd Ratin was put down in and near 
number of rat holes and runs. At the ei 
of a week there were still some rats le; 
but a second application of the Ratin r 
suited in their total destruction. Rati 
he wrote, was a cultivation of bacteria < 
Potato produced in Copenhagen, and e 
ported in air-tight tins. For use, the P. 
tato culture should be. mixed with la 
and milk. The paste resulting from t. 
mixture must be wrapped in pieces 
paper before distribution. In the fii 
application on the Gainsborough Esta 
a quantity of Ratin was eaten by fowl 
which had not subsequently suffered 1 
any way. 
August Bank Holiday. 
The Great Central Railway Compai 
have issued a long selection of excursio 
for Bank Holiday makers to all parts 
their system, full particulars of which w 
be found in their ABC Excursion Pr 
gramme, copies of which may be obtaint 
free of charge at Marylebone Statio 
Town Offices, or agencies, or by post fro 
the Company’s Publicity Departmei 
216, Marylebone Road, N.W. The faci. 
ties offered to holiday-makers are mo 
comprehensive; over 400 towns, seasa 
and inland health resorts in the Midland 
Yorkshire, Lancashire, the North-Ea 
and North-West Coasts and Scotland m; 
be reached by this line. Special trail 
will leave Marylebone at convenient tint 
on Friday, Saturday/ Sunday and Mo 
dav, July 31st, August 1st, 2nd and_3r 
Passengers are able to perform their jou 
ney by express traijis composed of con 
dor stock, and a buffet car is attached f 
the provision of meals at a most reaso. 
able tariff. For those desirous of spen 
ing a pleasant day or week-end near 
home, excursions are announced to mai 
of the picturesque and historical spots 
Middlesex and Beechy Bucks. This tra 
of delightful country, with its quaint of 
world villages, is admirably suited h 
walking and cycling, and special cnei 
fares are in operation for both the p 
destrian and cyclist. 
