THE GARDENING WORLD. 
September 19. 1908. 
607 
•en to understand that these ashes are 
ictically valueless as manure, unless they 
united with phosphates. If you could 
ighten me on the matter I should feel 
iged. (Ashes, Kent.) 
\shes consisting of the residue of garden 
^bish which has been burned would be 
luable, but all green matter or portions of 
ints would certainly contain all the manu- 
1 elements that were found in the plants 
jmselves. These ashes do not get burned, 
d with the exception, perhaps, of a portion 
the sulphur they should be valuable as 
rnt food again, and this would, of course, 
itain phosphoric acid. We, therefore, do 
t see the reason why phosphates should be 
asidered the only thing lacking to make 
;se ashes valuable. Indeed, we do not see 
it it applies at all. What is entirely 
isted is the nitrogen that such rubbish 
mid contain and which passes off into the 
nosphere when the plants are burned. If, 
erefore, you would add some nitrate of 
ia or sulphate of ammonia to the ashes it 
>uld, undoubtedly, increase their value 
om a manurial point of view. It is net 
cessary, however, to apply the niitrate of 
da or sulphate of ammonia at the time the 
hes are applied. Indeed, these two arti- 
•ial manures should not be applied before 
ants are able to utilise them, otherwise 
ey would soon get lost in the drainage if 
wet time succeeded the application. A 
ttle nitrogen could, of course, be applied 
using a certain amount of farmyard 
anure at the same time as the ashes. You 
Lould remember that decaying vegetable 
atter, such as stable manure or cow manure, 
ts a mechanical value in the soil, besides 
ipplying nutriment to the plants. They 
;sist in retaining the soil moisture during 
ie summer, and that is often of greater as- 
stance than the manures themselves in very 
ght or sandy soils. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
230. Tarring Stakes for Roses. 
I am going in for growing Roses, and have 
Dught some canes for holding the branches 
if the ground. The canes are hollow (some 
f them), and I think that if I was to tar 
tern outside it would stop them from rotting 
nd also inside would stop the insects from 
etting there. I propose to tar them at once, 
> that they would be dry by November, 
fould you kindly inform me whether this 
dll interfere with the Roses or be in any 
'ay detrimental? (H. Elvin, Essex.) 
We presume the canes you mention are 
aniboo canes, and in that case all of them 
re hollow. In those cases where they do not 
eem to be hollow it simply means that they 
ave been cut at a joint where it is solid. 
>amboo canes last a long time when used in 
he form of stakes, although they have not 
een tarred nor painted in any way. If left 
n the ground all winter as well, they would 
ot, of course, last so long, but like all 
■ther wood the}' perish most quickly just at 
he point where they enter the ground. You 
ould, therefore, tar 12 in. or 18 in. of the 
ase, so as to save the base of the stakes 
rom rotting. We should dislike the use of 
ar above ground on account of its colour. 
* plain bamboo stake would not be so offen- 
•tve to the eye as one that is painted black. 
ts it is chiefly a matter of taste, we leave 
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