636 
THE GARDENING WORLD 
October 3, 1908. 
but let them grow on naturally, making no 
attempt at rapid forcing, as this nearly al¬ 
ways ends in failure. In addition to those 
mentioned, F. persica, brown, and F. 
pudica, purple and yellow, are both good, 
although perhaps not so certain to do well. 
Cassia corymbosa. 
This one-time favourite seems to be some¬ 
what less grown than formerly, which is a 
pity, for grown in the greenhouse as a pil¬ 
lar plant it is indeed splendid, whilst its 
yellow blossoms are always in great demand 
for cut flowers for decorative purposes. 
Planted out during the summer months in 
some sheltered position, it does well enough, 
but should be potted up and re-housed before 
the early frosts damage it too severely. It is 
a good plan when doing this to prune the 
plant back severely, cutting away nearly all 
of the current year’s growth, stripping it in 
fact nearly into the old wood. 
G. A. F. 
Orchids for Amateurs. 
Seasonable Notes. 
Towards the end of September, and dur¬ 
ing the month of October, is a season that is 
generally made full use of by gardeners and 
others who have charge of plants, and the 
utmost will be made of the bright light 
which will assist the plants to mature and 
ripen their growths. The proper ripening 
of Orchid plants is quite as material as that 
of ripening the wood of our fruit trees. It 
is impossible to expect satisfactory flowering 
and fruiting from a house of Peaches, if the 
wood is green and sappy when the flowers 
are produced, and the same rule will' apply 
to Orchids, and I have no hesitation in say¬ 
ing that it is impossible to produce the pro¬ 
per texture and the true characteristics of 
colour pigments unless the pseudo-bulbs are 
properly matured. I will even go farther 
than this to illustrate the necessity of every 
endeavour being given to assist the plants to 
properly ripen by saying that the future 
well-being of every plant depends to a very 
great extent on its being annually properly 
matured and thoroughly ripened. I am well 
aware that where an amateur grows a mixed 
collection of plants in a limited space there 
are obstacles in the way of giving every 
plant the particular conditions suitable to 
their requirements, but I am convinced that 
more might be done in the way of removing 
plants to some portion of the structure where 
the light might be used to greater advan¬ 
tage, and the drier conditions necessary can 
then be more readily afforded, even if the 
roof blinds have still to be brought into 
use for a considerable portion of the day. 
Where permanent shading has been in 
use, it should be cleaned entirely off the 
glass. The roof blinds will be ample now 
for all shading purposes, and there is no 
difficulty in throwing a mat or two over the 
rcof, even where blinds are not fixed. This 
■will be sufficient to protect the foliage from 
becoming scorched. 
Temperatures. 
With the shortening days more artificial 
heat will be required to maintain the desired 
temperatures. It is not advisable to lower 
the night temperatures of the warm divi¬ 
sions until the end of October, so that with 
the changeable outside conditions care will 
be necessary to prevent fluctuations inside 
the houses. I think it well at the present 
season to have sufficient artificial heat at 
command to permit of the ventilators being 
opened, so that there may be a circulation 
of fresh air during the night. I advocate 
using the ventilators at the leeward side 
of the house ; this will prevent to a great ex¬ 
tent stagnation or the excess of moisture in 
the atmosphere. On close evenings and 
when the weather is mild, if there is a possi¬ 
bility of toe much moisture in the atmo¬ 
sphere, the roof ventilators may be slightly 
opened, but on no account should both the 
roof and lower ventilators be brought into 
use, or there will be every possibility of 
direct draughts coming in contact with the 
plants. 
Damping. 
The usual process of damping the floors, 
staging, etc., must also now have some con¬ 
sideration. It is not advisable to damp 
down in the mornings, before the normal 
temperatures of the houses are reached, and 
damping in the afternoons should be done 
sufficiently early to permit of the excessive 
moisture arising therefrom to become dis¬ 
tilled before the cool evening temperatures 
are reached. In damp weather under dull 
atmospheric conditions damping once a day 
should be ample for the cool divisions of 
the Orchid houses. 
H. J. Chapman. 
-- 
= ROSES = 
AT WESTMINSTER. 
Autumn Show of the N.R.S. 
The great autumn Rose Show of the 
National Rose Society was held at 
the Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent 
Square, Westminster, on September 17th, 
and again plainly showed how possible 
it is to produce an attractive exhibition 
of autumn Roses. The hall was well 
filled with Hybrid Teas, Teas, Noisettes, 
dwarf and tall Polyantha Roses, and 
various others which now bloom so pro¬ 
fusely in the autumn, but especially 
those belonging to the sections named. 
The Roses had the effect of drawing out 
a considerable number of visitors by 
comparison with recent meetings, thus 
showing that the Rose has a large num¬ 
ber of enthusiastic votaries. 
Nurserymen. 
The class for thirty-six blooms of 
Roses, distinct, made a fine display on 
account of the number of exhibitors and 
the beauty of the Roses. Probably they 
were not so fine as last year, as they 
showed unmistakable signs of distress 
caused by the recent bad weather in some 
cases. Nevertheless, the Roses that came 
from Aberdeen were remarkable for their 
size at this late period of the year. The 
first prize, as last year, was carried off 
by Messrs. James Cocker and Sons, 
Aberdeen, who had splendid blooms of 
Florence Pemberton, Mildred Grant, 
Frau K. Druschki, Mrs. J. Laing, Caro¬ 
line Testout, C. J. Grahame, Jessie 
Brown, Countess of Caledon, Mme. J. 
Bonnaire, Mme. Jules Gravereaux, Earl 
of Warwick, Captain Hayward, Hugh 
Dickson, Mrs. E. Mawley, Mme. Eugene 
Verdier, Earl of Londonderry, Alfred 
Colornb, Mme. Wagram, Comtesse de 
Turenne, Exquisite and Gustave Piga- 
neau. They were followed by Mr. Hugh 
Dickson, Royal Nurseries, Belfast, who 
had some grand blooms of Gladys Hark- 
ness, Caroline Testout, Mme. Wagram 
and Princess Marie Mertchersky. The 
third award was taken by Messrs. A. 
Dickson amcl Sons, Newtownards, Ire¬ 
land. 
There was also an interesting display 
of thirty-six distinct varieties in trusses 
set up in vases with their foliage. The 
first prize was secured by Messrs. Frank 
Cant and Co., Braiswick Gardens, Col¬ 
chester, with beautiful bunches of Papa 
Gontier, Mme. Hoste, Clara Watson, 
Marie van Houtte, and Suzanne M. 
Rodocanachi. These were beautifully 
fresh and of suitable size for home decor¬ 
ation. The second prize was secured by 
Messrs. Ben R. Cant and Sons, The Old 
Rose Gardens, Colchester. Mr. John 
Mattock, New Headington, Oxford, took 
the third award. This class rvas the 
admiration of many. 
The class for eighteen distinct blooms 
of Tea and Noisette Roses brought some 
beautiful flowers to the table and some 
of them were wonderfully beautiful even 
at this season. Messrs. J. Jefferies and 
Son, Cirencester, took the leading place 
with fine blooms of Maman Cochet, Mrs. 
E. Mawley, Souvenir d’Elise Yardon, 
Mme. Lambard, Georges Schwartz, Sou¬ 
venir de Pierre Notting, Mme. Hoste. 
Perle de Jardins, Francisca Kruger, anc 
Golden Gate, etc. They were followed 
by Mr. George Prince, Longworth 
Berks, who had some beautiful bloom: 
of Marechal Niel, Auguste Comte, etc. 
The third prize went to Messrs. D. and 
W. Croll, Dundee. 
In the class for twelve vases of exhi¬ 
bition varieties of Roses, seven bloom; 
in each, the leading prize was secured 
by Mr. Hugh Dickson, who had grant 
vases of C. J. Grahame, Mrs. Stewart 
Clark, Mme. Wagram, Hugh Dickson 
Gladys Harkness, Ulrich Brunner, Caro¬ 
line Testout, etc. The second prize went 
to Messrs. James Cocker and Sons, whe 
had several blooms remarkable for theii 
high colouring. The third prize in this 
class went to Messrs. W. and R. Fergu¬ 
son, Brucefield, Dunfermline, who also 
had a grand exhibit. 
In the section for decorative Roses the 
leading award for twelve distinct varietie: 
arranged in bamboo stands was taker 
by Mr. John Mattock, who had beautifu 
leafy branches of Papillon, Gustave 
Regis, Mme. Antoine Marie, Irish Ele 
gance and Mme. Abel Chatenay. Messis 
J. Jefferies and Son were to the fore witl 
a fine exhibit, taking the second prize. 
Messrs. Ben. R. Cant and Sons lei 
the way for dwarf Polyantha Roses witl 
an exhibit of twelve distinct varieties ii 
trusses. Very pretty miniature Rose: 
were Etoile d’Or, Leonie Lamesch 
Schneewitchen, Cecile Brunner, Mis 
Cutbush, Mme. Zelia Bourgeois. Eugeni' 
Lamesch and Perle d’Or. They wer 
followed by Messrs. Paul and Son, Ches 
hunt, with another attractive exhibit. 
The last named had the best exhibi 
of Roses arranged on the floor. The 
had many large Roses in pots and cu 
flowers in ornamental pails and vasv- 
(Gold medal). Hobbies, Ltd., took th 
second place with a bold group in anothc 
corner of the building, displaying the: 
Roses on stands and in vases. (Silvet 
gilt medal). 
In another class for a representativ 
group of Roses the lead was taken b 
Mr. George Prince, Oxford, who ha 
tall pillars filled with flowering branche 
and also non-flowering shoots of Ro?t. 
(Gold medal). Messrs. W. and J. Brow) 
Peterborough, had a similar display wit 
Roses on pillars against a black bad 
ground (Silver-gilt medal). Hobbie:, 
Ltd., came in third with pillars an 
arches of Roses against a black bad 
ground (Silver medal). 
