THE GARDEN IN O WORLD 
The Flower Garden 
Herbaceous Borders. 
These borders noav claim our close atten¬ 
tion again. Much more time is now devoted 
to them than formerly. I well remember 
the time when it was quite a rare occurrence 
to put in any new plants, and the old clumps 
were only dug up, divided, and' replanted 
when they had spread considerably, and 
quite outgrown their bounds. About once a 
month, from spring to autumn, the borders 
were neatly raked over, nothing more being 
done to them. There were large bare 
patches in these borders left after the raking 
had been done, but on which numerous weeds 
appeared regularly. 
We do not wish to have any bare places 
in the herbaceous borders at the present 
time, and so I would advise readers of The 
Gardening World to mark them when form¬ 
ing new, or replanting old borders, as shown 
. at A, B and C in Fig. i. 
The whole of the border in the garden may 
not be occupied with herbaceous plants, that 
is, in many gardens, and the intention may 
be to put in annuals later in, the spring. 
Formality should be avoided ; it is not ad¬ 
visable to have all the clumps of the same 
size, but they should be marked out as shown 
in the accompanying sketch, and labels put 
in to denote the vacant spaces. 
Planting Ivy. 
In many gardens there are bare walls on 
which choice plants will not grow satisfac¬ 
torily. When the leaves are off the trees 
and deciduous shrubs in winter time the bare 
walls show up more clearly, and it is just 
at that time that the planting of suitable 
climbers takes place. The most suitable 
climbers are Ivies, they are green, or varie¬ 
gated, throughout the whole, year, and cer¬ 
tainly fill a big gap in winter time. 
Large specimens may be planted, but 
small ones certainly prove satisfactory. The 
soil should be dug deeply, and if it be com¬ 
posed of clayey loam chiefly, add some leaf- 
soil and old mortar rubble to give the plants 
a good start as it were, to ensure the roots 
getting thoroughly established. 
The following are good varieties :— Green- 
Itaved. —Hedera gracilis, H. amurensis, 
H. Emerald Green, H. canariensis, and H. 
caenwoodiana. Silver-leaved. — H. Caven- 
dishii, H. elegantissima, H. latifolia, H. 
Cripsii, H. major, and H. madeirensis. 
Golden-leaved. — H. aurea maculata, H‘. 
aurea spectabilis, H. palmata aurea, and H. 
canariensis aurea marginata. 
Old Ivy Plants. 
In many gardens there are old plants which 
are not satisfactory, chiefly through neglect. 
Do not cut off any leaves and shoots now, 
but leave this work until April or early in 
May What is required at the present time 
is a good top dressing of rich fibrous loam 
and rotted manure mixed. Loose shoots of 
old Ivy plants must be fastened to the walls 
now, but those of newly-planted specimens 
should be left for a time until the roots 
have settled down in the disturbed soil. 
Various Work. 
Continue to roll the lawns and paths, 
brush up leaves and fallen twigs from 
trees ; manure and dig vacant spaces in 
shrubberies, and of course all flower beds 
which are not occupied with plants 
Admit more air to bedding-out plants in 
frames, sow more seeds of tender annuals 
under glass, and prepare compost for the 
Fig. i shows how to mark out -positions on 
borders -for plants or seeds; A, large circles; 
B, medium-sized ones; C, small patches; all 
must be duly labelled. 
potting of Zonal Pelargoniums and other 
bedding-out subjects, which must be dealt 
with very shortly. 
Fig. 2 shows the right and wrong ways of 
tying shoots to wires; A, wrong way; B and 
C, right ways. 
The Fruit Garden. 
In last week’s calendar I gave a sketch 
showing how to tie up the branches of fruit 
trees on walls for cleansing purposes. This 
week I give one showing how to re-tie the 
branches to the wires, and the principles 
depth; B, distance apart. 
February 20 , 1909. 
here advocated apply in the case of nail .- 
the branches to walls. 
Very often splendid young shoots are ' t 
through contact with the wires or the na 
through being improperly tied. In ev 
instance there should be sufficient room ' % 
for the swelling of the branch so that > 
bark of the latter does not get wedgedagai t 
the wires or nails. Furthermore^ r 
properly adjusting the ligature the bark 
not come into contact with the wires a I 
r.ails. A, shows the wrong way "to place ■ 
tying material round the wire; B, she; 
the right way. The matting should ■ 
simply passed twice round the wire its ' 
before it is passed round the branch 
shown at C. The passing of the nratti 
round the wire so, also prevents the brar 
slipping out of position. 
How to Use Old Wall Nails. 
There are thousands of nails left in t 
walls every winter that ought to be tak 
out, cleaned, and used again for nailing • 
branches. When extracting the nails fh 
give them a sharp tap with the hammer 
if it were intended to drive them st. 
further into the wall; this will loosen f 
nails and their withdrawal will be an ea 
matter. Then burn them on an old sho\ 
over a fire, and they will come in ve 
hard}’ again. 
The Kitchen Garden. 
Jerusalem Artichokes. 
Only plant tubers in naturally warm, < 3 : 
soil, that is, soil well drained and in 
sheltered border. The main-crop must 
provided for by planting tubers a few wee: 
hence-; because of the difficulty of workir 
clayey soils, sooner, as the tubers will liv 
and grow in the ground year after ye; 
without lifting. I refer to'the planting . 
lifted tubers. 
Fig. 3 shows the tubers as planted; the 
should be about 5 inches deep as shown 1 
A, A, and about 8 inches apart in the drill 
the latter being 30 inches asunder. 
Long-pod Beans. 
A first sowing of these mav now be mac 
in an open quarter. I find it a good pla 
to sow the seeds in single rows 20 incht 
apart, putting in the seeds 6 inches asunde 
in the rows. Cover the seeds r inche 
deep. 
Peas. 
The first sowing of a wrinkled variet 
should be made at once. If the soil t 
rather too moist, and of a heavy nature, 
cover the seeds with an inch thickness 0. 
dusty soil such as may be found in pottini 
and store room sheds. 
Parsley. 
Sow Parsley seeds in two borders in th! 
garden, the beds being as far apart as po; 
sible. Parsley is difficult to cultivate i 
some soils, and so it is a wise plan to put i 
the seeds as suggested. 
The Onion Bed. 
If the soil has not been prepared for th 
seeds lose no time in getting it ready fi 
sowing on the first favourable oppoi 
tunity. 
Foxglove. 
The Amateur’s Greenhouse 
Insect Pests and Mildew. 
Insect pests will soon become a nuisance i 
not closely -watched, greenflv ot aphi 
especially having an unhappy knack of ap 
pe.aring in considerable numbers apparent!; 
from nowhere," where but yesterday non 
were visible. If they are numerous fumi 
gating must be resorted to, and this, to b 
thoroughly effective, should be done on tw , 
