19R 
THE GARDENING WORLD. 
the plants I could get. Could I grow them 
in pots? (Amatkur, London, E.) 
It is not a very easy matter to rear 
Clarkias in pots if you have not had a fair 
amount of experience. The best plan is to 
sow them thinly where they are intended to 
bloom, some time in April, the earlier the 
better, provided the soil is in good condi¬ 
tion. If the plants are not too thickly sown 
you may be able to transplant a number 
of them by using a trowel and lifting each 
with a ball of soil about it. The plants 
may ultimately stand at 6 in. apart in the 
lines, so that you would have little difficulty 
in lifting a number of the seedlings with a 
ball of soil. If you like to try your hand 
you can sow some of the seeds in pots and 
transplant them into boxes after they have 
made the first pair of rough leaves. ' See 
under “Miscellaneous” for your other 
question. 
3715. Perennials to Flower a Second 
Time. 
'‘Some' time ago I read that Delphiniums 
could be flowered a second time by cutting 
them down after floweiing. Are there any 
other perennials that may be treated in that 
way? (J. >C. W., Norfolk.) 
Some other plants that may be treated in 
the way you mention are Antirrhinums, 
Chrysanthemum maximum, Pyrethrums, 
Erigeron speciosus, Veronica spicata and 
Centaurea montana. The Veronica should 
not be allowed to complete its flowering to 
the top of the spike. If cut down a little 
earlier than this the plant has a better 
chance to flower a second time 
3716. Number of Flowers. 
I have often heard that there are but seven 
flowers (such as the Wallflower, Wind¬ 
flower, Cauliflower, Passion Flower, -Sun¬ 
flower, Gilliflower and Cornflower), which 
statement I have i-nvariably taken as a joke. 
I take it that a bloom or blossom of any 
plant is a flower. Please inform me if I am 
correct. (W. H. Glanville, Middlesex.) 
We presume that someone has been trying 
to make a wise saying on the subject, think¬ 
ing that these were all the plants which had 
the word flower as part of their name. 
There are something T'ke 150,000 flowering 
plants in the world, and although their 
flowers may be rather inconspicuous in many 
cases, they are, nevertheless, flowers in the 
proper sense of the term. It was a mistake, 
however, to imagine that seven plants are 
all that have the word flower attached to 
them. For instance, the Mayflower (Epi- 
gaea); Bellflower ('Campanula) ; Chinese 
Balloon Flower (Platycodon); Cone Flower 
(Rudbeckia) ; Cup Flower (Nierembergia) ; 
Fairy Wallflower (Erysimum); Japanese 
Snowflower (Deutzia) ; Mocassin Flower 
.(Cypripedium); iStud Flower (-Helonias); 
Flame Flower (Tropaeolum speciosum); 
Monkey Flower (Mimulus) ; Globe Flower 
(Trollius); Pasque Flower (Anemone Pulsa¬ 
tilla); Trinity Flower (Trollius); Whorl 
Flower (Morina) ; Trumpet Flower (Te- 
coma); and Twin Flower (Linnaea). 
3717. Time to Sow Various Flowers. 
What is the best time for sowing Sweet 
Corn, Zinnia, Tagetes, French Marigold, 
Phlox Drummondi, Shirley Poppies, and 
Virginian Stock. Do any of them require 
heat, and if so how much? (J. J. Allen, 
Somerset.) 
Sweet Corn, we presume, you mean to 
grow as a vegetable. If so, it should be 
sown in a house or pit where it can get a 
temperature of 60 degfees to give it a good 
start. When the seedlings have made a 
few leaves pent them off singly, and after 
t'nejr are established transfer them to a cold 
•frame and grow them till the first week in 
Zinnia, Tagetes, French' Marigold, 
and Phlox Drummondi should be sown at 
once in a temperature of 55 degrees to 60 
degrees for preference. They may be reared 
in a lower temperature, but it would not give 
satisfactory growth in a cold spring like 
the present. The seedlings should be trans¬ 
planted into boxes, and when established 
transfered to .a cold frame. They , may be 
planted in the open at the end of May' after 
they have been thoroughly hardened off. 
Poppies and Virginian Stock may be sown 
where they are intended to bloom about the 
beginning of April. 
3718. Annuals and Perennials for a 
North Garden. 
Could you give me the names of a few 
plants, annuals and peiennials, that would 
make a bright show for my garden. It has 
a north aspect, and gets very little sun. 
(Novice, Essex.) 
Very few of the annuals would really do 
well in a shady situation. We have se¬ 
lected a number, but even for them the 
ground should not be overhung by trees or 
houses. Some of the more suitable annuals 
would be Pot Marigold (Calendula officin¬ 
alis Meteor) ; Chrysanthemum coronarium 
(single or double) ; C. carinatum burridge- 
anum ; -C. Morning Star ; Evening Primroses 
(Oenothera biennis and Oe. lamarkiana) ; 
Candytuft (Iberis umbellata and I. amara). 
We think that perennials are more likely to 
succeed in such a garden, and therefore re¬ 
commend you to ge.t some or all of the fol¬ 
lowing :—Solomon’s Seal, Pansies, Violas, 
Iris germanica, I. pallida, Chrysanthemum 
maximum, C. uliginosum, Galega officin¬ 
alis, G. o. alba, Campanula persicifolia 
gran-diflora, C.p.g. alba, C.p Moerheimi, 
Aconitum Napellus, Aquilegia vulgaris, 
Doronicum plantagineum, Trollius asi.aticus, 
T. europaeus, Primrose-s, Polyanthuses, 
Auriculas, London Pride and Daffodils, 
single or double. Tf there is no obstruction 
to the light most of the above should give 
a good account of themselves, even if there 
is not a great amount of direct sunshine. 
3719. Ornamental Grasses. 
Our people have a great fancy for Grasses 
mixed with their cut flowers, so I would be 
much obliged if you would give me the 
names of a dozen varieties, suitable for this 
purpose. If they have any popular name, 
please give them also and oblige. (R. H. 
Lewis, Shropshire.) 
The under-mentioned Grasses may be sown 
i.i the open ground at the beginning of 
April, and will flower during the season, 
namely, Maned Barley (Hordeum jubatum); 
Ix>ve Grass (Eragrostis elegans); Hare’s- 
Tail Grass (Lagurus ovatus); Cloud Grass 
(Agrostis nebulosa); Beautiful Cloud -Grass 
(Agrostis . pulchella); Live Oats (Avena 
sterilis) ; Largest Quaking Grass (.Briza 
maxima) ; and Graceful Quaking Grass 
(Briza. .gracilis). The Bxiza-formed Brome 
Grass (Bromus brizaeformis) is a biennial 
and may be sown at the same time as the 
above. The following are perennials and 
should bloom the second year :—Feather 
Grass (Stipa pennata) ; Oat Grass (Uniola 
latifolia) ; and Twiggy Panicum (Panicum 
virgatum). These also might be sown at 
the same time as the others. 
ROSES. 
37 20. What is the Manetti? 
I should be much obliged if you will in¬ 
form me through your “Enquire Within” 
column what a Manefti stock is, what tree 
or shrub if is when grown bv itself, or any¬ 
thing else about it. Can it be grown from 
$eed, as I notice the Dutch Rose growers 
bud the Roses direct on. to the stock, and not 
On a side shoot as with biiers. T should 
like to try the same myself. (Manetti, 
Essex.) 
March 20 , 1909 . 
The Manetti is a vaiiety of Rose with 
leaves more or less resembling a Hybrid 
Tea, and if is much used as a stock for 
Roses on account of its free growing charac¬ 
ter, and the readiness with which Roses can 
be budded or grafted upon it. Its value 
lies chiefly in its vigour and hardiness. It: 
is just like the-English Paradise, a variety 
selected on account of its suitability for 
the purpose of increasing Apple Trees bv 
budding or grafting upon it. It is no’t 
grown from seed, but can itself be propa¬ 
gated by cuttings, just in the same way as 
the Brier or wild Dog Rose. You can bud 
Roses direct on to the stem of a Brier when 
you intend growing it in bush form. You 
only bud Roses on the laterals in the case 
of standards where the stem is old and 
woody. If you want some plants you will ■ 
have to apply to some of the .larger Rose 
growers to see whether you can make a deal 
with them. Stocks are not often advertised. 
37 21. Roses for a Hedge. 
Please name a hardy, strong growing 
Rose or two that would be suitable for 
making a close hedge. If the stems are 
prickly it does not matter if the flowers 
are single or double. There is an earth 
bank to our garden next the road, and I 
wish to plant a hedge- of Roses on the top 
of this. (T. Finnie, Yorks.) 
Very suitable Roses for making a hedge 
are Ro-sa rugosa, R.r. alba, iR.r. rubra, the 
common Sweet Brier, Penzance Sweet Brier, 
Anne of Geierstein and Conrad F. Meyer. 
The last named is a double variety of R. 
rugosa. All of these have very thorny or 
prickly stems. 
37 22. Seedling Briers. 
Could you inform me where I could get 
some seedling Briers, for how much per 
hundred, and hc.w I can rear them for an¬ 
other year (Constant Reader, Leicester¬ 
shire.) 
Briers used for the purpose of budding 
are very rarely listed in any catalogue, but 
you might apply to some of the principal 
Rose growers who might be willing to sell 
you a few Briers for the purpose you name.. 
For instance, you might apply to Messrs. 
F. Cant and -Co., Braiswick Rose Gardens, 
Colchester; Hobbies, Ltd., East Dereham, 
Norfolk; Messrs. Paul and Son, 'Cheshun-t, 
Herts ; or to Messrs. Cocker and Sons, Aber¬ 
deen. As they are not advertised, we can¬ 
not say how much is charged per hundred. 
It all depends upon the size of the plants. 
If you intend getting them, itshould.be done 
at once, so that they can be planted before 
they commence growing. If they are of the 
proper size they may be fit for budding 
during August or September. If they are 
small they may be budded in the following 
year. If they are of fair size plant them 
in lines about 15 in. apart and 2 ft. be¬ 
tween the lines. You must remember that a 
certain amount of room is necessary for the- 
worker to get between them and accomplish 
the budding. 
TREES AND SHRUBS . 
3723. Climbers for a House. 
I wish to grow some flowering climbers 
011 the front of our house and propose to 
plant the Passion Flower, Fuchsia coral- 
lina, Ceanothus Veitchi, White Jasmine and 
Scarlet Trumpet Flower. Do you think I 
will succeed, and what is the best way and 
time to prune them? (A. J. D., Middlesex.) 
If you treat the above properly you could 
have no difficulty in growing all of them in 
your district. The Passion Flower is liable 
to get killed in a severe winter even if it 
gets of large size. The remedy for this i 
to get another one or else keep a stock of 
young plants in a cold frame or greenhouse 
