THE GARDENING WORLD. April 3 , i go9 . 
purple leaved variety would be S. o. pur¬ 
purea. It is commonly employed .as a herb, 
but some grow it on account of the purple 
velour of the leaves. You can sow it in 
the open ground in April and May. When 
the seedlings are of some size you can thin 
them out to 12 in. or 15 in. apart each Way, 
but if you only require small plants 12 in. 
will be quite sufficient. When thinning out 
the plants, if you require mere of them, you 
can use a trowel and lift the seedlings with 
plenty of roots and plant them elsewhere. 
It would answer the same purpose as the 
common Sage in cooking. 
3754-. Common Names of Plants. 
Would you be good enough to give me the 
common names of Silene, Lychnis, Solidago, 
Hemerocallis, Funkia, Viola, Eryngium, 
Polemomium, Helenium, Alyssum, Acan- 
tholimon, and Aquilegiia? (R. Walters, 
Sussex.) 
Silene is the Catchfly ; Lychnis is named 
Campion, while other names may be given 
according to the species; Solidago, the 
Golden Rod; Hemerocallis, the Day Lilly; 
Funkia, the Plantain Lily or Corfu Lily; 
Viola, the Heart’s-ease, Pansy, Tufted 
Pansy, bedding Violas and many other 
names; Eryngium, the Eiyngo or Sea 
Holly; Polemonium, Jacob’s Ladder ox 
Greek Valerian; Helenium, Autumn Sneeze- 
wort ; Alyssum, Gold Dust in the case of A. 
saxatile, and Sweet Alyssum in the case of 
A. maritimum; Acantholimon, Prickly 
Thrift; and Aquilegia, the Columbine. If 
would be best to give both names of each 
plant mentioned, as different names are 
often given to separate species. 
3755. Double White Rocket. 
Two years ago I had some plants of Hes- 
peris matrons,lis alba plena ox Double 
White Rocket. They bloomed well the first 
year, but not so well last year, and now 
they seem to be dead cx nearly so. What 
is the cause of this? Is the Double White 
Rocket not hardy? (W. Ford, Surrey.) 
The Double Rockets are hard}' perennials, 
but sometimes they prove short-lived in cer¬ 
tain soils. They are well adapted for the 
north because the atmosphere is cooler and 
moister. It would help them, therefore, if 
you select a soil that keeps fairly moist in 
summer, and a little shade would also help 
them in the same way. The best remedy, 
however, is to renew them every year by 
taking cuttings in September, or as early as 
you can get crowns with a tuft of leaves. 
They flower so freely that they often ex¬ 
haust themselves, . especially in dry soil. 
To make sure of getting cuttings you could 
have a few plants in the reserve garden, 
where you could cut down the flower stems 
and encourage them to make growth from 
the base. Each tuft of leaves cut with a 
small bit of the root-stock will make a cut¬ 
ting. These should be inserted singly in 
small pots in September and p’aced in a 
frame and _kept moist till they form roots. 
They will grow more or less during the win¬ 
ter, and may be planted out in March, when 
the conditions are suitab’e. In mild winters 
vou could get larger plants by givingThem 
a shift into slightly larger pots in Feb¬ 
ruary. 
375 6. Seedling Psntstemons Killed- 
Last summer I had .a fine show of Penf- 
stero.Cin.s from seed, but the frost and snow 
has killed most of them. I am serrv for 
this, as there were many fine varieties 
.amongst them How can I protect them in 
winter? (A. T. Bower, Yorks.) 
Very few of the cultivated and improved 
varieties of Pentstemon are really bardv. 
In order, therefore, to perpetuate a stock of 
fine kinds, it is necessary to take cuttings 
about the end of Seoffimber and insert them 
firmly" in pots of ligh f sandy sort. These 
cuttings may be kept in cold frames, and 
even in severe winters it would only be ne¬ 
cessary to .place a mat over the frame at 
night. A fresh plantation can be made in 
spring when the condLions become suitable. 
ROSES. 
3757. Striking; Cutting’s. 
Would you be good enough to say if I 
can strike any of the following Roses b}' 
taking cuttings ail the present time :—Caro¬ 
line Testout, fisher Holmes, Mrs. j. Laing, 
Dorothy Perkins, Hiawatha, Marechal Kiel, 
Lady (lay and Lady Roberts? If any of 
them will s.rike, please say what treatment 
1 should give them. (G. Hill, Middlesex.) 
The best time for taking cuttings of Roses 
is about the end of October, when an,y of 
the varieties, you mention will root before 
spring. Even now. however, some of these 
will root if you take cuttings about 6 in. 
long and insert them firmly in c; in. pots, 
and place them under a hand-light or in a 
cold frame where they will be kept close 
until they commence growing. Those that 
would be most likeily to root are Dorothy 
Perkins, Hiawatha, and Lady Gay. Get 
shoots cf. medium strength and cut them just 
under a nede or leaf joint. The other more 
likely varieties are Caroline Testout, 
Marechal Niel and Lady Roberts, which 
you can try if you like. 
3758. Pruning Roses. 
1 planted eleven Rose trees last Novem¬ 
ber, and I should be much obliged if you 
would let me know when to prune them. 
They were good plants with stems 2 ft. to 
3 ft. long, and some 4 ft. The varieties 
are Dorothy Perkins, Ulrich Brunner, 
Liberty, Frau Karl Druschki, General Jac¬ 
queminot, Bouquet d’Or, La France, Mrs. 
W. J. Grant, Blush Rambler, Gloire de 
Ftijon and Suzanne M. Rodocan.achi. (D. C. 
Hilt., Kent.) 
All of the Roses you mention can now be 
pruned, Dorothy Perkins, Bouquet d’Or, 
Blush Rambler, and Gloire de Dijon being 
climbers, they should have their stems 
shortened to 2 ft. this, year, to enable them 
to make a good start by 'throwing up shoots 
from the base. In after years Dorothy 
Perkins and Blush Rambler may be thinned 
out immediately after they have finished 
flowering. Then, at pruning time all that 
will be necessary will be to remove the un- 
ripened tips of. the main stems, and thin out 
the side shoots if they are in any way 
ciowded. The ethers may be cut back to 
6 in. or 8 in. for the first season. 
TREES AMD SHRUBS. 
37 5 9. Weeping Trees for Lawn. 
I have a fair sized lawn, and would like 
to plant four weeping trees of different kinds 
on the banks of a stream. The}' must be 
quite hardy and of moderate size when in 
full growth. Can you say how high the 
stems would be, as I do not want them to 
o-ertop a Clemalis I have, and some climb¬ 
ing Rose trees on poles? (Adam, Forfar¬ 
shire.) 
When making enquiries or ordering them 
ask for trees with stems about 4 ft. high. 
The best small weeping trees are the Ameri¬ 
can Weeping Willow (Salix purpurea pen- 
dula), the Kilmarnock Willow (Salix 
Gaprea pendula), Young’s Weeping Birch 
(Betula .alba pe.ndula Youngi), and Cara- 
gana arborescens pendula. There is also a 
weeping variety of the common Laburnum 
(Laburnum vulgare pendulum) and a weep¬ 
ing Mountain Ash (Pyrus Aucttparia pen¬ 
dula), but they are not so good in habit as 
the first four mentioned. 
3769. Priming a Young Wistaria. 
I ha' & a young Wistaria with six branches 
planted last November. The idea is 
plant and prune it so as to make it coo 
the whole front of the house in time, ar 
be.ween the windows. The sheets are’3 ft) 
4 ft., and 5 ft. long. Flow should I pru. 
these? (Chas. Phillips, Plerts.) 
TKe-best plan is to regulate the plant frr 
the beginning. Calculate in what directir 
you wish the main branches to go; the 
spread them out by making the shoots cur' 
round rather sharply near the base, an 
along the base of the wall to be coverei 
The longer stems, should be placed furthe 
to the outside from the centre of tl 
p ; ant. You should always bear i 
mind that it is easiex to 'fill up tl 
centre directly above the plant tha 
to cover the wtall on each side by bendin 
out the shoots nearly horizontally. The 
shoots may simply have the unripened tii 
removed and nailed into position. X 
doubt you will get many strong shoots fra 
the upper sides of these in after years, an 
they should be nailed into the position the 
are ultimately to occupy, and constitute ft 
main branches of the climber. Lav thei 
in regularly without overlapping, and tlr 
will give ,an appearance of orderlv nea 
ness. 
VEGETABLES. 
3761. Treatment of Tomatos. 
Through your valuable paper could yc 
kindly tell me of a dwarf Tomato that grow 
a few feet in height and fruits well? 
want to place in a sr nny quarter ou.side 
few wooden boxes 1 ft. in width and ft 
same in depth; then to carry a few in tli 
glasshouse when our hothouse plants ar 
over. Will any kind of soil do for this pui 
pose? Then when fruiting inside or oui 
what is the best and cheapest manure v: 
would recommend? (Old Subscriber 
Lancs.) 
We do r.ot know of .any variety of Tomat 
which would correspond to your description 
and we do not think that anybody wouR 
care to select it when raising Tomatos. 1 
it was not decidedly vigorous it could nr 
produce a good crop, even when required t 
do so. Provided the stem is short-jointed 
it does not signify to what height a Tomat, 
grows, as cultivators generally stop them a 
the height they want them. The plants wil 
make an effort to push out s’de shoots afte 
that, but every sprout may be removed whil. 
yet quite young. It is a more importan, 
question to get an early variety for outsid' 
fruiting, and good varieties are Sutton" 
Earliest of All, Carter’s Sunrise, Earl' 
Prolific, Iiam Green Favourite and Th 
Conference. In the case of varieties yoi 
intend to fruit indoors, you may grow al 
most any of the popular varieties, includin'. 
Perfection, Golden Jubilee, Lister’s Pro * 1 
lific, etc. As the root-room will be re’ 
stricted in the' boxes you mention, yci 
should use good soil, otherwise it will ge 
muddy and pasty after being watered. You 
can use good fibrous loam with a little wet 
decayed cow manure, leaf mould and a gore 
clash of sand. Do not commence feeclim 
them until they set a bunch of fruit, afte 
which you can give them weak liquid 
manure twice .a week. Another stinmlan 
that would be useful would be nitrate o' 
soda ,at -rhe rate of i oz. to the gallon o. 
water once in eight to ten days. On the! 
other hand a complete manure, such as sonif 
of the standard artificial manures advertised 
in our pages, would be useful, as it contain 1 
the three principal ingredients of a manure 1 
and can be applied at once. In addition tr 
ordinary liquid manure a -small quantity oi| 
the standard manures would answer the pur 
pose admirably. None of the manure; 
should be applied until one bunch is set, 
otherwise you wi’l get a large prrdncftVv 
