GO 
APIARY 
within a year or two. A grapevine trellis, 
say 8 feet high and 10 or 12 feet long, 
running from east to west, Avell covered 
with a vine, can be made to protect from 
Shaded apiary belonging to F. J. Severin at 
Imperial, Calif. The slats are placed upon a 
framework and spaced about % inch apart. This 
arrangement breaks up the rays of sunlight, giving 
lust the right amount of shade and at the same 
time allowing enough light so the beekeeper can see 
eggs in the combs. These sheds can easily be taken 
down and moved to a new location, while" the sheds 
having grass or weeds for the top cannot be moved 
readily. 
five to ten hives. On this trellis, grape¬ 
vines or any other quick-growing vine may 
be reared to provide shade during the 
heat of the day. The fourth and last plan 
is to use an overhead trellis, making use 
of straw, dried grass, or brush for cover¬ 
ing such as is used in Arizona and Cuba. 
These trellises are about seven feet high, 
and run from east to west, so that the 
sun, nearly overhead as it is in Arizona 
and southern California, never strikes the 
hives from morning till night. These trel- 
lised shades, if there are no trees, are in¬ 
dispensable in hot, dry climates. They 
thoroly protect the bees, prevent combs 
from melting down, and render the work 
of the apiarist pleasant. 
Some beekeepers prefer to use shade- 
boards. These may be made of large cov¬ 
ers cleated at the ends, and composed of 
two or three boards of the cheapest lumber 
that can he had, or they may be made of 
common shingles in the manner shown in 
the illustrations. Some will, perhaps, pre¬ 
fer them nailed up as Mr. Marchant uses 
them. Others would prefer to put them to¬ 
gether as Mr. Robertson makes them. In 
some cases it may be advisable to lean them 
up against the hives rather than to place 
them on top. When used on top they 
should be large enough to project a foot 
over the front and rear, and an equal dis¬ 
tance on the south side where the hive 
faces east or west. They are then 1 held 
securely in place by a stone weighing 15 
or 20 pounds. 
But whenever one manipulates these 
hives he is required to lift a heavy stone 
and remove an awkward shade-board be¬ 
fore he can do any work with the bees. 
"When hives are placed in long rows close 
together, as under a shed or on a roof, 
it is very essential that they differ from 
each other in appearance so that the bees 
may distinguish their own hive from all 
the rest. The differentiation may be accom¬ 
plished in various ways: first, by painting 
the hives different colors; second, by tising 
a different entrance or alighting-board; 
Marchant’s shade-board. This provides better venti¬ 
lation than the ordinary flat shade-board. 
third, by placing a stone or other distin¬ 
guishing object near the entrance. The 
idea is to place some distinctive mark by 
which each hive may be quickly recognized 
by its tenants. The best way to make such 
