goldenrod 
419 
ing or feeding on pollen; and on the Can¬ 
ada goldenrod (S. canadensis) 141 visitors. 
The honeybee visits the florets so rapidly 
that the number of visits per minute can¬ 
not be counted. A large amount of pollen 
is gathered both by the domestic bee and 
by wild bees. So abundant, indeed, are 
the flowers, and so ample the stores of pol- 
waste lands, and are almost the sole de¬ 
pendence of the beekeeper for winter 
stores. The bees work on the flowers with 
great eagerness, and the activity in the 
apiary equals that of the midsummer hon¬ 
ey flow. In Massachusetts a marketable 
surplus, according to Burton N. Gates, is 
often taken in September. Allen Latham 
Hairy goldenrod. 
len and nectar that four or five of our 
native wild bees, which fly only in autumn, 
never visit any other plants. Some of the 
goldenrods are pleasantly scented. Others 
are nearly odorless. 
In New England many species of gold¬ 
enrod grow luxuriantly in pasture and 
states that once in three or four years 
strong colonies in his apiary on Cape Cod 
would store upward of a hundred pounds 
from fall flowers. In southern Maine the 
bees never fail to fill many frames with 
goldenrod honey, which because of its 
golden-yellow color and fine flavor is pre- 
