860 
VEILS 
and headgear all in one, as shown. While 
this affords ample protection, it is a little 
warm on hot days; and, moreover, it is not 
easy to put on. After one has become more 
accustomed to bees he can cut off the ends 
or the finger tips of the gloves so that he 
can work to better advantage. 
As for trousers, one can get a pair of 
overalls at any clothing-store, and it is 
suggested that he get outfits such as are 
used by machinists and engineers. These 
have numerous handy pockets, large and 
small, in which various tools may be placed. 
One-piece overalls covering arms, waist 
and legs are excellent. They can be slipped 
over the regular clothing or in hot weather 
can be worn without other garments than 
suitable underwear. 
Bicycle pants-guards can be used to very 
good advantage during extracting and all 
other times, when one is shaking or brush¬ 
ing bees off combs. The bottoms of the 
trousers should be neatly folded around the 
ankles, and the guards slipped on to hold 
the folds in place. 
Miss Mary Culver of Calexico, Calif., in her far¬ 
merette bee-suit. Her father is an 
extensive beekeeper. 
FARMERETTE BEE-SUITS. 
In many parts of the West, as well as in 
some parts of the East, bee-women are 
wearing regular farmerette suits, either 
“Peggy Janes,” or one-piece overalls gath¬ 
ered at the shoe-tops, such as were intro¬ 
duced during the period of the Great War. 
Several of these styles are worn, and most 
of them are neat, safe, and sane. They 
are now getting to be quite common. 
Many women wear overalls or bloomers 
when working in the apiary. If desired, 
a full but short apron may be worn oyer 
the overalls, or a short skirt over the 
bloomers. High-top shoes will also add to 
one’s feeling of security. 
VENTILATION. —Bees that are out¬ 
doors in their regular hives generally re¬ 
ceive at the entrance all the ventilation 
they require. There should be, except in 
very hot weather, no other openings. Oc¬ 
casionally hives are so poorly made that 
they will have gaping cracks; but these, 
unless too large, will be closed up with bee 
glue—-usually along toward fall; and some 
strains of bees, notably the Caucasians, 
will close them up early in the season. In¬ 
deed, they will sometimes obstruct the en¬ 
trance by means of little chunks of propo¬ 
lis. 
In olden times it was customary for the 
patent-right men to furnish their patrons 
with hives having all kinds of ventilating 
holes and little trapdoors; but the modern 
hive, as a rule, has no openings of any 
sort except at the entrance, which is con¬ 
tracted or enlarged according to the season. 
In hot weather it will be opened to its 
maximum, and in cool weather it will be 
reduced to one-fourth, or even less, of its 
largest capacity. See Entrances to Hives 
and Wintering. 
During extremely hot weather, especially 
during swarming time, it is sometimes nec¬ 
essary to provide upward ventilation in 
addition to that provided at the entrance. 
The cover may be lifted up in such a way 
as to leave a crack at the back end. This 
will allow a current of air to circulate from 
the top clear down thru the hive. But 
sometimes loosening the cover is insuffi¬ 
cient. It is then necessary to provide ven¬ 
tilation for one or more supers that may 
be on the hive at the time. In that case, 
