the question ; and as many of them as the purse will allow. 
A good start is half the battle, and now is the time to 
make that start; those who wish to obtain glory and honor, 
in warfare, must not come to the field when the battle is 
won, but must share some part of the burthen. Money 
cannot pay a man for the care, anxiety, and risk he is ex¬ 
posed to, in importing stock. It is a task that I shall be 
glad to see others undertake, as I have done my share of 
the duty. I must now do justice to those we have, which 
is much the pleasantest part; there is no art, no science, 
no study so pleasing, so substantially gratifying to the 
mind of man, as to fully develop the good points of ani¬ 
mals, by his own superior skill and management. It may 
be made the theme of usefulness. My opinion of secur¬ 
ing good stock with economy in view is this ; the farmer 
should procure two heifers and a bull of the very best or¬ 
der of that breed his taste directed, and let no price stop 
him, if the purse will sanction it; what says Shakspeare, 
“ that the purse is trash,” so say I, compared with good 
animals; they were the wealth of the first people; why not 
continue that of the present. 
With any ordinary luck, the progeny of two females 
will soon extend, while the male improves the inferior, 
and adds value to the whole; this consideration will sustain 
high prices, and pure animals cannot be imported without 
paying high for them. 
I am further of opinion, that pure breeders for sires, that 
can be depended upon, should be upheld in high prices, so 
as to enable them to keep their stock without a stain, as I 
think the most important part in breeding lies here ; the 
progeny always degenerates if the sire has the slightest 
cross; it is not so with the dam ; the stock will improve if 
the sire is well selected. 
Mr. H. talks of showing spirit in selecting a oreed of 
our own. I should like to hear his suggestions in com¬ 
mencing the breed, without having the best animals to re¬ 
sort to; even their crossing with a had breed will take a 
full century to make any thing out of it, if founded on 
the best judgment. I will allow there are a limited supply 
of the best Durhams, but not a tenth part there should be. 
No person can go to England, and fetch the best ani¬ 
mals unless he is favored in freight, for less than five hun¬ 
dred dollars each. 
We have sold one sheep to Mr. Clift, and let him anoth¬ 
er for the season ; and from what I saw of his flock, they 
were the right sort of ewes to put to them. There is much 
credit due to Mr. C. for the enterprise he has shown, and 
much good taste displayed in his selection of ewes. I have 
no hesitation in saying, that the produee of these sheep 
will afford him an excellent flock, and one worthy of no¬ 
tice. The sheep he hired, was the one the portrait, in the 
last No. was taken from. We have also sold two rams to 
Mr. Dunn, whose flock I have previously spoken of. 
Mr. E. C. Delavan, of Rallston Centre, purchased a ram 
and some ewes. Mr. McIntyre, of Albany, a ram and some 
ewes. Mr. Watkins, of Georgia, some rams and a ewe. 
Mr. Clark, of Otsego, a ram ; and others that I shall name 
in your next. I do this, as the names of our purchasers 
may he referred to; it is customary for men to say that 
their breed is descended from a good flock; the Cultivator 
will show if it is correct. I am well aware that these sheep 
will be valued and appreciated when better known ; they 
possess an excellent constitution, produce a heavy fleece 
and carcass, easy feeders, a good qualify of mutton, and 
not extravagant consumers; their paunch is small and 
quickly filled, they are quietly disposed, and kept in pas¬ 
tures with a very slight fence. 
I see our friend Mr. A. B. Allen, Esq. says that Ohio 
is the home of the lordly Short Horns. I hail their promi¬ 
nent name, and as ours are principally of the feminine 
gender, will say York state is the home of the ladylike 
Herefords. As ladies are considered the first race of ani¬ 
mals, I hope the Herefords will maintain it. 
I am, dear sirs, yours sincerely, 
WM. H. SOTHAM. 
Perch-Lake Farm, Jefferson Co., Nov. 25, 1840. 
N. B. I am pleased we have two breeds that can con¬ 
tend against each other ; it will have a tendency to keep 
pure breeders to their duty; and I hope will rouse them to 
feel worthy of their names. 
Rohans and Mercers. 
Messrs. Gaylord & Tucker—I planted one half peck 
of Rohans in four rows, three rods in length, cut in single 
eye cuttings, by the side of the Mercer potato. The pro¬ 
duct of the Rohans was eight bushels three pecks, weigh¬ 
ing 523 lbs. The Mercers produced one bushel to a 
row, on each side of the Rohans, and the Rohans wanted 
but one peck in four rows of being two and a half bush- 
als to a row, while the Mercers had as much seed in one 
row as the Rohans had in the four ; so that I am satisfied 
that they are the best potato to yield of any we have seen. 
The ground that they grew on has been planted six years 
in succession to potatoes, and no manure the present sea¬ 
son. C. M. L. A. 
Macedon, Wayae County, 1840. 
CURE FOR HOOF AIL. 
Messrs. Editors —Perceiving in your last number, 
an inquiry respecting a remedy for the hoof ail in cattle, 
I am happy to have it in my power to communicate one 
which never fails of effecting a cure in two or three days. 
Blue vitriol finely pulverized, and applied to the disea¬ 
sed part of the hoof, once a day for two or three days, 
is all that is necessary. In the case of a cow of mine, 
one application was sufficient, and I presume would gen¬ 
erally answer the purpose. The disease here is called 
by some of our farmers, “ fouls,” and by others, hoof ail. 
If the case alluded to by your correspondent, is the 
same disease, you can depend on my remedy. 
Yours, &c. P. E. HUBBARD. 
Middletown, {Conn.) Nov. 7, 1840. 
BALDWIN’S CORN CRUSHER. 
Messrs. Gaylord & Tucker— Having noticed in the 
last number of your excellent agricultural journal, an in¬ 
quiry relative to the corn and cob crusher, we have 
thought proper to enclose to you two numbers of the 
American Farmer containing several letters from re¬ 
spectable farmers who have tested Baldwin’s crusher; 
as also the benefit of feeding stock on this description 
of food. We take the liberty of informing you, that the 
article is manufactured by us, and will be furnished at 
$65. Several machines for crushing corn and cobs, have 
passed under our notice, all of which in our opinion, fall 
far short of Baldwin’s. We have made and sold a num 
her of them the last five years which have given entire 
satisfaction to all who have used them. They are ca¬ 
pable of grinding (by one horse power,) 15 or 20 bush¬ 
els of corn and cobs per hour, and can be regulated by a 
pinch screw to grind coarse and fine at pleasure. If 
you think these certificates, and our remarks, worthy 
of notice, you will please give them a place in the next 
number of the Cultivator. Respectfully yours, 
ROBERT SINCLAIR, Jr. 
Manufacturer and Seedsman. 
Baltimore, Oct. 20, 1840. 
The above crusher occupies a space of 4 by 2 feet, and 
is about 4£ feet high. The first impression on the cob 
is made by two fluted cylinders, placed horizontally and 
operate similar to the nuts of an apple mill grinder; 
these are intended merely to crush the- cob ; after this 
process it passes immediately through two finer fluted 
or ratched cylinders, and a cast iron concave, which 
last process leaves the article ground on an average as 
fine as a common early garden pea, the coarsest being 
as fine as a grain of flint corn, and the finest ground 
entirely into meal. S. & Co. 
Chinese Tree Corn and Rohan Potatoes. 
Messrs. Gaylord & Tucker —There having been some 
diversity of opinion, and generally unfavorable reports con¬ 
cerning the above variety of corn, I will briefly state the 
result of my trial of it. A year ago last winter, I procu¬ 
red from Thorburn’s, New-York, one ear; of which I plant¬ 
ed nine-tenths, having given away the residue ; believing 
that different kinds of corn have been sold under this name, 
I will state that mine was a very handsome ear, about ten 
inches in length—10 rows, grain very closely set, long, and 
wedge form, well filled out to the end of the cob—some of 
the grain slightly indented. Planted it the 8th day of May, 
yielded over 900 ears; being more than a thousand fold, 
from the seed planted; and all, except less than a peck of 
ears, perfectly sound and fit for seed. The present year, 
.1 planted of this kind, about one acre in the same field, 
with other varieties; not having gathered it, I cannot state 
the amount of product; but it is judged it will yield one- 
fourth, if not one-third, more than the rest of the field, the 
ground being equal, and all sound; when ground it made 
meal handsomer and better flavored than other corn. As to 
the Rohan potatoes, my trials this year and last, show that 
with us, it is neither as good to eat nor as productive as the 
Merino. My neighbor, Peter E. Gurnan, Esq. tells me 
the same in regard to yield. 
HENRY VAN KLEECK. 
CuddebacJcville, Orange Co., N. Y. Oct. 1840. 
O" Mr. Van Kleeck’s remarks on the use of Ashes and 
Lime, for which he has our thanks, will appear next 
month. 
most luxuriant and thrifty appearance. I am not aware 
whether he has tried the peach or apricot. 
lor any further information I would refer your cor¬ 
respondent to Mr. Ploy, who I have no doubt will cheer¬ 
fully impart it. A READER. 
Useful Recipes. 
To Cure Scratches in Horses. 
Wash the feet, or parts affected, with soap suds, wipe 
them clean and dry, and then apply white lead ground 
in oil, as thick as can be smoothly and evenly laid on. 
Exercise moderately, keep the animal dry, and in most 
cases, the first application will cure effectually. Should 
a second be necessary, wash off the old lead, and apply 
with a brush as at first. Six or eight days should in¬ 
tervene between the applications. 
Staggers in Swine. 
To cure this disease, De Grauchy recommends cutting 
a knot in the roof of the mouth till the animal bleeds 
liberally, and then rubbing it with powdered loam and 
salt, and giving it a little urine to drink. Pigs have 
openings on the inside of the fore legs below the knee, 
from which, when in health, a small discharge is kept 
up. A stoppage of these orifices, is supposed to be one 
cause of the staggers; and rubbing them open with a 
cob or other rough material, will usually effect a cure. 
Sore Throat in Swine. 
T urn animals so aff ected, into an open pasture where 
there is fresh feed, and ground to root. It is a disease 
resulting generally from confinement. Pounded char¬ 
coal mixed with food, where pasture cannot be had, or 
room for exercise, is one of the best preventives of dis¬ 
ease in swine. — 
Horn Distemper. 
A “ Practical Parmer” in the Boston Cultivator, while 
he admits that the application of spirits of turpentine is 
good, asserts the use of hot brimstone is still better, for 
the cure of the horn ail. He turns one spoonful boiling 
hot into the cavity just between the horns. 
Scours in Animals. 
A writer in the Maine Farmer, recommends for this 
disease, finely pulverized bone. We have never seen it 
tried, but from the nature of the substances that consti¬ 
tute hone, such as lime to correct too great acidity, and 
gelatine to smooth the irritated surfaces, it is probable 
its employment would be useful. 
Croup, or Hives in Children. 
Cut onions mto thin slices, between and over them, 
put brown sugar. When the sugar is dissolved, a tea¬ 
spoonful of the syrup will produce almost immediate re¬ 
lief. The Editor of the Parmer’s Advocate says he has 
known the onion used for this formidable disease, but 
prepared differently. “Wrap the onion in a wet cloth, 
or cabbage leaf, cover it with hot embers, and roast it 
slightly which may be done in a few minutes; the juice 
then pressed out and sweetened with sugar.” Prepared 
in either way, it is pronounced effectual. 
Scours in Calves. —When the calf is attacked, it 
should be put in a warm, dry stable, and not he permit¬ 
ted to suck more than half the quantity of milk it is 
wont to do ; but should be put to the cow regularly 
three times a day. Make a tea of equal portions of 
white oak, beech, dogwood and slippery elm bark, and 
give small doses twice a day, and the calf will soon re¬ 
cover.— Agriculturist. 
“CURL” IN POTATOES. 
In the September number of this paper I noticed, in 
a communication of 8. P. Rhoades, Esq. my letter to 
him on the subject of disease in potatoes, called “ the 
curl;” wherein I expressed an opinion that it “ was at¬ 
tributable to the age of the variety.” Another years ex¬ 
perience has convinced me that I was in error. For, on 
examining all the different varieties, and among them 
was the Long Keeps, I could not discover any traces of 
the disease. 
This leaves us just as much in the dark as ever, and 
I very much doubt whether the cause can be accounted 
for by any one. If, however, this should meet the eye 
of any person possessing the information and thinks he 
knows of a remedy, I would thank him to publish it in 
the Cultivator, for the benefit of the agriculturists. 
There is something very mysterious, to say the least of 
it, and requires investigation. 
CALEB N. BEMENT. 
Three Hills Farm, Nov. 1st, 1840 
WILD CHERRY AS A STOCK. 
Messrs. Editors —For the information of your cor¬ 
respondent, Mr. Dille, in reply to his inquiry in the 
last number of the Cultivator, I would state that in 
June last I called at the nursery of Mr. Floy, Harlem, 
New-York, where for the first time I saw the wild cher¬ 
ry, (Prunus Virginiana,,) used as a stock for budding. He 
had two or three rows of them budded with plums last 
year, (1839,) I believe by way of experiment, and with 
what I would call tolerable success, half or two-thirds of 
them having taken ; they were doing well, having made 
shoots averaging two feet long, (then June,) of the 
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 
To our Subscribers—Prospectus of Vol. 8—Engravings ? 1CiT 
for the Cultivator—Tenn. Ag. Society,. ) 
Making Pork,.•. 182 
Agriculture in Canada—Buel’s Address—Tobacco —) 
Census of Agriculture,. • • • ..) 
Work for the Month—Care of Stock—Preparation of) 
Fire wood—Improvement of the Mind—Meetings [ 184 
of Ag. Societies,. ) 
Cotton —Cider,.. • • . 185 
Dr. Perrine and Mr. Smith—Winter Butter—Domestic ? 1 o<- 
Economy, &e.,. $ 
Dictionary of Agricultural Terms,.. 187 
School District Library—Berkshires in Kentucky— ) 
Notes for the Month,. \ ^ 
Merino Sheep—Sheep Husbandry in Tennessee,. 189 
Importance of a National Ag. Society—Curculio and ) QA 
Fruit Worms—Fair Crop,.$ 1 
Short Horns and Galloways—To make Home Pleasant, 191 
Letters from the West, No. 3—To Western Emigrants, ) 
No. 2.—Use of Barilla in Virginia— Miner’s Pump > 192 
—Sausage Making,.1 
Mr. Prentice’s Short Horn Cow Appolunia—The Here- { 1Q o 
fords and Short Horns,.) 
Mr. Searle’s Apiary—Tree Corn and Rohans,. 194 
Progress of the Silk Business—Hot AirFurnace—Rear -) 1( |t 
ing Calves—The Herefords,- ••••••• .) 
Rohans and Mercers—Hoof-Ail—Baldwin’s Corn 1 
Crusher—Tree Corn and Rohans—Curl in Pota- [ 196 
toes—Craftingon the Wild Cherry— Useful Recipes,) 
Illustrations. 
Fig. 91—Pig Stall,..... 
Fig. 92—Merino Ewe,. 
Fig. 93—Short Horn and Galloway Bull,. 
Fig. 94—Mr. Prentice’s Short Horn Cow Appolonia, • • • • 
182 
189 
191 
193 
