120 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
damage has occurred in lands where a crop of winter rye 
has been raised on greensward, plowed after cutting of the 
grass for hay, and where the stubble has been plowed 
sometime in autumn, subsequent to taking off the rye crop. 
In this mode of cultivation, it is often the case that a conside¬ 
rable amount of the grass roots have retained their life, and 
their power of vegetation is even increased by the loosening 
of the earth around them. Here, then, is furnished a capital 
chance for the breeding of the cut worm, and the farmer may 
consider himself very fortunate, if his crop of vermin is not 
(juite too great for the safety and success of his crop of corn. 
The corn, it is true, is not meddled with at first. The worm 
uses its natural food till the plow or the cultivator and the 
hoe have essentially diminished its quantity. Then the depre¬ 
dations commence. Anon comes the plow and hoe again, 
and if these do their duty well, the worm has no alternative, 
but to eat the young corn or starve. We know, by sad ex¬ 
perience, what course the worm will take in this dilemma. 
The foregoing remarks are made with the hope that they 
may lead to further investigation, and ultimately, as I hope, 
to some mode of avoiding or resisting this enemy to one of 
our most valuable crops. Could such a result be brought 
about, it would afford great satisfaction to your obedient ser¬ 
vant, _ j. s. 
Hardwick , Mass., March 20, 1841. 
fHcntljlt) Notices. 
Importation or Stock. —L. E. Letton, Esq., of Kentucky, ar¬ 
rived at Nevv-York from Liverpool, on the 20th of May, with 
“two young thorough-bred Flanders Horses —one 2 years old, 
black, 16 hands high, heavy and well built”—the other, a year¬ 
ling of a dark grey color, which Mr. L. thinks will make the 
largest horse ; his sire weighs upwards of 2100 lbs. Mr. L. al¬ 
so brought out with him a Short-Horn Bull, from the herd of 
Mr. Bates, of Kirkleavington, called Locomotive, 2 years old 
past, color light-roan, sired by the Duke of Northumberland, 
dam Oxford. Both dam and sire won the first prizes of 30 sove¬ 
reigns each, as the best Short-Horn Bull and Cow, at the Fair 
of the Royal Ag. Society in 1839. Locomotive cost in England 
£275—[including difference of exchange $ 1,222-75.] 
Sales of Hogs. —In a letter of June 16, Messrs. A. & G. Brent- 
nall, of Canterbury, Orange eo., N. Y., inform us that they 
have lately sold to Richard Allen, Esq., of Lexington, Ky., a 
Berkshire sow, 20 months old, for $150—also a boar and sow to 
T. B. Howard, Esq., of Columbus, Geo., for $150, and have 
now an offer of $75 each for two sows and a boar, besides $200 
for their boar Ontario,—all Berkshires. Dr. S. D. Martin, of 
Ky., has recently sold “ his Woburn sow Magnolia,” to Mr. 
Johnston, of Missouri, for $150. She is estimated to weigh 
1200 lbs. 
Large Yearlings. —Mr. S. Hecox, 'of Lyons, Wayne county, N. 
Y., says that he “ has two bull calves, raised from the improved 
short-horned Durhams, imported by Mr. Weddle, of Ontario 
county; the one, a three-quarter blood, which at one year old 
weighed 1015 lbs.—the other, a half-blood, weighed at the same 
age 915 lbs. Their feed during the winter has been hay and 
roots without grain. They are not fat, but in a good growing 
condition, and for symmetry and beauty can hardly be sur¬ 
passed.” Both are for sale. 
Leicester Pigs. —Mr. Hecox also informs us that he has 
“ some pigs of the Leicester breed, raised from the stock im¬ 
ported by the same gentleman, which he considers superior to 
the Berkshires ; they are purely white, fine small boned, have 
small heads, thin ears, thin clean skin, with but little hair, 
well formed, keep easy and fatten readily.” Some of them are 
for sale. 
Prouty & Mear’s Premium Plow. —A letter from the manu¬ 
facturers, says :—“We make these plows of a great variety of 
sizes, and the retail prices are from $5 to $20. The size used 
at the trial at Worcester, was the smallest greensward—fur¬ 
row 6 inches deep, 12 wide, and draft 292 lbs. We sell this 
size, with cutter and wheel, at $11-50.” These plows are for 
sale by the manufacturers, D. Prouty & Co., Boston, and by 
D. O. Prouty, 176 Maritet st., Philadelphia._ We hope the pro¬ 
prietors will send one of these plows for trial at the Fair of the 
N. Y. S. Ag. Society, to be holden at Syracuse on the 29th Sept, 
next. 
New-Jersey Marl.— New-Jersey was formerly famous for its 
barren sands, but it is now, owing to the liberal use of marl, 
fast becoming one of the most productive States of the Union. 
The Cabinet says“My friend R. S. whose farm, a few years 
since, yielded nothing but blackberries, and was one uncultiva¬ 
ted waste, produces the finest crops of wheat, and other grains 
and corn, and yielded more than 100 loads of hay the last year, 
at a cut of two and a half tons per acre ; and all this is owing 
to the marl.” The value of these marl beds may be inferred 
from the fact, that Mr. A. Cooper by selling the marl by the 
square rod, “is realizing $1500 per acre for the marl, the land 
afterwards being more valuable than before.” 
Great Ox. —The celebrated ox Pennsylvania, was slaughter¬ 
ed in Philadelphia on the 2d of Feb. 1841. This ox was of a 
cross between the Devon and Durham; was eight years old; 
had been fed five years; and his live weight was .3350 lbs., dead 
weight of the 4 quarters 2388; loose fat 334 lbs. On cutting up, 
the flesh was found “ elegantly mottled,” the flesh laid on the 
best parts, and the five years feed not gone to “ make soap and 
candles,” asBakewell used to remark of such very fat animals. 
The Farmer’s Cabinet for March, contains a figure of this ox, 
with a description. 
Peruvian Barley. —A new kinl of grain has lately been intro¬ 
duced into England from Peru, in which country, when one 
crop is reaped new shoots proceed from the stems, which give 
a second plentiful crop. The grain when standing has the ap¬ 
pearance of barley, but much whiter, with a long beard or 
awn. On being gathered and rubbed in the hand, or threshed, 
the awn comes off with the husk, and leaves the grain bare 
like wheat, to which it bears a stronger resemblance than to 
barley. 
Old Lime Plaster on Wheat. —A writer in the Farmer’s Ga¬ 
zette says, he sowed two pieces of spring wheat after brining 
and rolling the seed in slaked lime. On one of these fields he 
sowed or spread a number of loads of old plaster from the 
walls of old houses, and harrowed it in with the seed. Both 
fields were entirely free from smut, which that year was 
generally ruinous to wheat; but that the wheat of the field 
where no lime was used (except for rolling the seed) was 
badly shrunk, while that which grew on the field well sprinkled 
with old plaster, was good, sound, plump wheat. 
“ Great Calf.” —An animal of the Bos genus, some five years 
old, has been lately exhibited at Fulton st., New-York. He is 
of the ordinary breed of cattle, has never eat a bushel of corn 
or meal inhis’life, sucks the same cow now that he did when 
three days old, and weighs 3240 pounds. This “ calf” from the 
banks of the Connecticut, attracted much notice in “ Gotham.” 
Swedish Stables. —In Sweden the horse stables are never 
litteied at all. The floors of the stable are planked; the planks 
perforated with holes, so that no wet can remain on them; and 
these planks kept clean are the only bedding allowed. To this 
method of treating their horses, (strange as it appears to Eng¬ 
lishmen, or those who litter their stables carefully,) the Swedes 
attribute the soundness of their horses’ feet, as it is quite un¬ 
common to meet with a lame or foundered horse in Sweden, 
that has been so stabled. 
A Good Crop.— Mr. Samuel Palmer of Goshen, Ct., gives the 
following as the crop taken in 1840, from five acres of land: 
600 bushels of corn in the ear, 118 cart loads of pumpkins, 300 
bushels of turneps, and 240 bushels of potatoes. It was unne¬ 
cessary for Mr. P. to state that the ground was early and well 
prepared, properly manured, and that the after culture was 
good. Such a crop can be produced under no other course of 
treatment, and the sooner farmers are convinced of this fact, 
the better it will be for them. 
Prolific Hens. —In our younger days we “ heard tell” of a 
hen that on week days laid two eggs, ‘ while on Sunday she 
laid three.’ The Baltimoreans assert that they have some hens 
of the game cock breed, which rival the first part of the old 
story, they having laid two eggs a day for a considerable time. 
Let the race be multiplied. 
Too much Truth. —The New Farmer’s Journal, London, 
says :—“ The monetary affairs of the States appear to be in a 
most desperate condition. The U. S. Bank is scarcely capable 
of paying a shilling in the pound, and many other banks 
throughout the Union are in a similar condition. From the re¬ 
ports recently published by the congressional committee on 
banking, it appears that in some of the banks no set of books 
had ever been kept; in others, trunks filled with “ lead, ten- 
penny nails, and window glass broken into small pieces,” 
passed for deposits of specie; in some no capital stock had 
ever been paid in, and in others counterfeit notes on other 
banks had been resorted to to sustain their credit.” 
Gullibility. —A paragraph, giving an account of a discovery 
made in Jamaica, we believe, of the substitution of mosquetoes 
for leeches in medical practice, is going the rounds of the 
newspapers, and has been copied into some of our agricultural 
contemporaries as a “wonderful” discovery. We cannot as 
yet advise our farmers to leave their harvests to enter into 
this musquetoe speculation. 
Preservation of Meat.. —The particulars of a discovery which 
appears to promise important results, are given in the Bulletin 
of the French Academy of Sciences for the sitting of March 22. 
By injecting the aorta or main arterial trunk of an animal with 
chlorure of aluminium, the flesh will be preserved fresh for an 
indefinite period without having any bad taste communicated. 
The table of the Academy of Science, at the time of reading the 
memoir of M. Gannal, the discoverer, was covered with legs of 
mutton, fowls, et id genus omne, which had been preserved 
many months by the new process. 
Crushed Cob and Corn Meal. —We have constantly maintain¬ 
ed that a great loss was sustained in feeding animals by those 
who rejected the cob of the corn, and every experiment that 
has yet been made goes to establish the correctness of these 
conclusions. In a late number of the Farmer’s Register is a 
communication on the subject, by a writer who signs himself 
“Ploughboy,” from which we make the following extracts :— 
“ I find by repeated experiments that one gallon of crushed 
corn meal (corn and cob together,) well boiled, will, when 
cooled, make about five gallons of thick mush. This mush I 
mix in feeding with about an equal quantity of hot water, fre¬ 
quently throwing into the pail a double handful of bran, stir 
ring it well, and giving it to my pigs warm. I put a handful of 
salt into my mush about three times a week, and occasionally 
a shovel full of ashes. With this allowance my hogs are in 
fine order, and in a much better condition than any of my 
neighbors, and some of them are fat enough for the knife. 
* * * * I know of no way except, perhaps, by feeding on 
roots, in which hogs can be kept through the winter at so little 
expense. My stock of thirteen, for instance, consume only a 
peck of crushed corn meal, equal to a single gallon of corn, a 
day. This, at the rate corn is selling in my neighborhood, 37^ 
cents per bushel, is only one-third of a cent a day for each hog. 
The manure will more than pay the extra trouble and expense 
of preparing the food.” The same article furnishes proof that 
as food for working mules or horses, for fattening cattle, or for 
milch cows, crushed cob and corn meal is one of the very best 
and cheapest substances that can be used. We believe that 
every farmer who uses any considerable quantity of corn should 
prepare it ’oy grinding with the cob. 
Truth. —By placing what manure we have in the hill, and en¬ 
deavoring to get the whole strength of it the first year, we keep 
our lands eternally poor—there is nothing left to nourish the 
succeeding crop. If a man has but little manure he should 
plant but little, and his manure should be so applied that he 
can stir it in, tilling and mix it with the soil. 
An Act 
TO ENCOURAGE THE GROWTH AND MANUFACTURE OF SILK. 
[Passed May 26, 1841.] 
The People of the State of New-York , represented in Senate 
and Assembly, do enact as follows : 
§ 1. To any person or persons residing in this State, who 
shall present for examination, to any justice of the peace of the 
city or town where such person or persons reside, a pound or 
more of good dry silk cocoons, or a pound or more of good, well 
reeled silk, and shall by his, her or their oath or affirmation, or 
by the oath or affirmation of some other credible person, prove 
to the satisfaction of such justice that the cocoons presented 
were raised in the city or town where such justice resides, or 
that the silk was reeled in such city or town and from cocoons 
raised in this State, and that the same or any portion thereof 
has not been before presented to any justice of the peace for 
examination and certificate, the said justice having examined 
and caused the same to be weighed, shall give his official cer¬ 
tificate specifying the number of pounds of cocoons or silk pre¬ 
sented, the time when and the place where the same were rais¬ 
ed or reeled, and the names of the person or persons by whom 
the same were raised or reeled, together with the name of the 
person by whose oath or affirmation the facts have been veri¬ 
fied. And on the presentation of any such certificate to the 
board of supervisors of the same county, they having examined 
and found the same to be duly given, shall audit and allow said 
certificate and cause their allowance to be endorsed upon the 
same, requiring the treasurer of said county to pay to the bear¬ 
er thereof, a premium of fifteen cents for every pound of co¬ 
coons and fifty cents for every pound of reeled silk specified in 
said certificate. 
§ 2. It shall be the duty of each county treasurer, to whom 
such certificates thus audited and allowed shall be presented, 
to enter in a book, kept by him for that purpose, the date of 
said certificates, the number of pounds of cocoons or reeled silk 
named therein, and the name of the person or persons fpr 
whose benefit the same were given, and to endorse upon said 
certificates his acceptance thereof and the time when presented 
to him, and return the same to the bearer thereof, to be present¬ 
ed for payment as hereinafter directed. 
( 3. On or before the first day of May, in each and every year, 
the several county treasurers of this State, to whom shall have 
been presented for acceptance any such certificate or certifi¬ 
cates as are specified in the preceding sections of this act, shall 
cause to he made an abstract or abstracts of all such certifi¬ 
cates so presented and accepted, stating the number of pounds 
of cocoons or reeled silk and the amount of premium due there¬ 
for, and shall transmit the same to the comptroller of this 
State, who shall by his warrant authorize and direct the treas¬ 
urer of the State to pay to the county treasurers the several 
amounts specified in the n.bstr?icts by them transmitted. And 
the said county treasurers shall thereupon proceed to pay 
the premiums due upon the certificates by them respectively 
accepted, as the same shall be presented for payment. 
§ 4. False swearing or affirming under this act shall be deem¬ 
ed as perjury ; and any fraud practised under the same shall 
be a misdemeanor, and be severally punished as such. 
§ 5. A justice of the peace shall be entitled to receive, for 
every certificate given by him by virtue of this aet, the sum of 
twenty-five cents, to be paid by the person receiving the certifi¬ 
cate. 
§ 6. This act shall continue in force until the first day of 
June, m the year eighteen hundred and forty- six, and no 
longer. 
Notices to Correspondents, 3lc. 
Communications have been received during the past month, 
from An old Subscriber, F. R. G., F. Burt, L. Lewis, A Sub¬ 
scriber, Corrector, Geo. Muntz, J. McD. McIntyre, S. Robinson, 
J. R. Moser, Long Island, O. G., Joseph Cope, J. H. Hepburn, 
Garrett Bergen, Horace Hawley, and S. W. Bartlett. 
Mr. Stephen’s communication on Draining, and Mr. Cain’s 
plan of a Church, which have been a long time waiting for a 
place, shall appear next month. 
We received in due time, Mr. Sandford’s Address before the 
Onondaga Co. Ag. Society, at its Fair in 1840, and should have 
been glad to have laid the whole of it before our readers, as it 
abounds with valuable facts, sound and wholesome truths, and 
principles of great interest to every American farmer; but as 
we could not give it at length, we marked very liberal extracts 
from it, for which we had hoped to have made room before this 
time. 
Acknowledgments. —We are indebted to the publishers for a 
copy of the American edition of “ Liebig’s Organic Chemistry 
of Agriculture and Physiology,” with an Introduction, Notes, 
and Appendix, by Prof. Webster, of Harvard University. The 
speedy repnblication of this valuable work is a compliment to 
American fafmers, which we trust they will not be slow to ap¬ 
preciate in such a manner as to induce our booksellers more 
frequently to engage in the publication of works on Agriculture 
and its kindred sciences. Published by John Owen, Cam¬ 
bridge. For sale, we presume, by the booksellers in most of 
our cities—price $1-50. 
Our thanks are due to the Author and to the publishers, for 
copies of Mr. Colman’s Address on the'Agriculture of the Uni¬ 
ted States, delivered before the American Institute in New- 
York, on the 14th April, 1841. This excellent address may be 
had of Chapin A Co., booksellers, 138 Fulton st., New-York, and 
of O. Steele, bookseller, in this city.—Also to Mr. Affleck, 
one of the editors of the Western Farmer and Gardener at Cin¬ 
cinnati, for a copy of his Treatise on “Bee-Bieeding in the 
West,” just published by E. Lucas of that city.—Also to Mr. 
Ellsworth, Commissioner of the Patent Office, for some par¬ 
cels of Kentucky Pumpkin and Cushaw seed ; and to W. B. 
Ogden, Esq., of Chicago, for samples of the Wild Rice from the 
Upper Mississiopi. 
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 
Mr. Colman’s Address—A. B. Allen in Europe—Butter— 
Inoculation—Wool,. 
The Grasses—Darlington’s Discourse—Woburn vs. Berk¬ 
shire Pigs—Report on the Silk Culture—Work for the 
Month—Hay Making,. 
English Corn Laws—The American Institute—The Filbert 
—Killing Canada Thistles—The Dahlia—Henrico (Va.) 
Ag. and Hort. Society,. 
Culture of Indian Corn—Blight or Mildew in Wheat,. 
N. Y. S. Ag. Society—County Ag. Societies—English Tur¬ 
neps—Spots on the Sun—Effect of a wet subsoil on 
Trees—Canada Thistles,._. 
Chemical or Prepared Manures—Diarrhosa in Colts—Mar¬ 
ket for Cocoons—Farming without Rum,. 
Destruction of Weeds—Flowers—Hymn to the Flowers, • - 
Wheat Culture in Vermont, by J. N. Smith—C ountry 
Church and School House, by S. W. Jewett—E xperi¬ 
ments in the Use of Lime, by G.C.—Artificial Watering 
Places, by A Subscriber,. 
Letters from the West, No. 7—The Pork Business of Cin¬ 
cinnati; Visits to the Farms of J. Mahard, Jr., and W. 
Neff, Ac., by A. B. A.. 
Visit to Chillieothe, Circleville, &c. by A. B. A.—Prepara¬ 
tion of Hams in Kentucky, by John Lewis—O dds and 
Ends, by Solon Robinson,. 
Agricultural Papers, by L. A. Morrell— Culture of To¬ 
bacco, by A Planter—C otswold Sheep, by J. McD. Mc¬ 
Intyre—L etters from West Tennessee, by E. H. K. •••• 
The Herefords and Short Horns, by W. Kingham—G raft¬ 
ing the Peach with Success, by Dr. Page—T he Perfect 
Beehive, by J. M. Weeks—C anada Thistle, by T. T. 
Roberts—C ulture of Indian Corn, by A Subscriber 
— Goldsborough’s Corn Husker and Shelter, by R. Sin¬ 
clair, Jr.. 
Culture of the Strawberry, Ac. by J. C. Robertson—P ro¬ 
tection of Garden Plants, by L. Lewis—I nquiry, See. by 
L. C. Lawrence—W oburn Hogs, by A. C.—S. H. Dur¬ 
ham Cows, by S. W.Bartlett—W inteTingHogs on Sugar 
Beets, by M. Y. T.—Large Pigs, by B. E. Bowen—U se¬ 
ful Recipes, by Amicus and others,. 
Experiments in the Culture of Potatoes, by Dr. Akerly— 
National Ag. Society, by F. R. G. and F. Burt—M aking 
Pasture Lands, by A. C. Stevenson,. 
The Sugar Beet, by P. Diehl—M ulberry Hedges, Ac. by 
L. R. Jr.—Wheat and Plaster, by J. Johnston—O bjec¬ 
tions to New Things, by D. Tomlinson—B lack Rust on 
Plum Trees, by Richmond—T he Cut Worm, by J. S.--- 
Montlily Notices—An Act to encourage the growth and 
manufacture of Silk—Notices to Correspondents, Ac. 
106 
106 
107 
108 
109 
no 
in 
112 
113 
114 
115 
116 
117 
118 
119 
120 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
Fig. 60.—Elevation of Country Church and School House,-- 112 
Fig. 61.—Ground Plan of the same,. 112 
Fig. 62.-^-End view of Desks and Seats,. 112 
Fig. 63.—Portrait of Prince Frederick, . 113 
Fig. 64.—Perfect Bee Hive and Non Swarmer,. 116 
Fig. 65.—Goldsborough’s Corn Husker and Sheller,. 116 
Subscriptions for the Cultivator 
Are received, in the different cities, by the following Agents : 
Augusta—Geo. Robertson. 
Alexandria—Bell & Entwisle. 
Boston—Eben Wight. 
Hovey & Co. 
Baltimore—G. B. Smith. 
Buffalo—Harlow Case. 
Halifax, N. S.—C.H. Belcher. 
Hartford—E. W. Bull. 
Louisville—D. S. Chambers. 
Montreal—Benj. Brewster. 
New-Orleans—W. Dinn. 
Nashville—Trabue, West & Co. 
New-York—Israel Post. 
G. C. Thorbnrn. 
New-York—Alex. Smith. 
J. L. Mott. 
G. Freeborn. 
W. A. Chapin & Co. 
Philadelphia—J. Dobson. 
D. Landretb Sc Co. 
Providence—A. H. Stilwell. 
Quebec—A N. Morin. 
Richmond—R. Hill, .Tr. & Co. 
Rochester—S. Hamilton. 
St. Louis—E. P. Pettes. 
Toronto—Eastwood A Skinner 
Utica—W. Bristol. 
Washington—J. F. Callan. 
STEAM-PRESS OF C. VAN BENTHUYSEN. 
