168 
THE CULTIVATOR 
mjt H'ta-Uork illarbt. 
MONTHLY REPORT FOR SEPTEMBER. 
{Prepared for The Cultivator.) 
ASHES.—The demand for Pot Ashes has been during the past 
month, very brisk, and the receipts continuing to be light the 
market has been very firm. In the early part of the month both 
sorts. Pots and Pearls, were at #5-75, but the small quantities 
arriving and the favorable news from England induced buyers 
of Pots to advance their pretensions, to which holders were 
forced to submit, while Pearls remained stationary at $5.75. 
Within a few days, however, an increased demand has been ex- 
S erienced for Pearls, which has induced higher demands from 
olders, and sales have been made of considerable parcels at 
#6-00, at which price the market is fully established. Pots 
have steadily advanced to $6-25, and at that price all the receipts 
are freely taken for export. The news from Liverpool by the 
last steamer was favorable, the market was firm, and sales had 
been made of 700 or 800 bbls. Montreal Ashes at 2Ss. 6d for 
Pots, and 29s. for Pearls. The market here, in consequence of 
these advices and of the limited arrivals from the interior has 
still a tendency to advance, and should not the stock be largely 
increased, the coming month will no doubt see Ashes at a high 
er figure. It is a very unusual circumstance to find Pots sell 
ing at a higher rate than Pearls. The export to the 14th inst’ 
were, Pots 457 bbls., Pearls 151 bbls. The amount received 
from the opening of the canals to the 18th inst. was 23,460 bbls 
Stock on hand 18th inst., Pots 563 bbls., Pearls 1460 bbls The 
stock of Pots is small, almost beyond precedent. 
COTTON.—In the early part of the past month each suc¬ 
cessive arrival from England brought accounts of a more and 
more disastrous state of affairs in relation to this great staple 
and the market here, in consequence, was very heavy and hail 
a continued tendency to decline. Previous to the arrival of 
the Great Western, however, the market acquired a consider 
able degree of firmness, and sales were to considerable extent 
at very full prices. The advices by that steamer were consider 
ed rather favorable, and the better feeling prevailing in the 
market continued to be felt until the arrival of the Caledonia 
with advices of a decline of l-8d. lb. at Liverpool. This 
checked operations ; and buyers demanded lower rates'. Hold" 
ers, however, declined submitting to a reduction, and as lots 
were not pressed on the market and sellers evinced no inten¬ 
sion ot accepting the bids made, buyers were forced to come in 
.0 the market at previous rates. The business since the ar¬ 
rival of the Caledonia has not been heavy, but the prevailing 
quotations show no decline of the prices current before her 
news was made public. The receipts from the 1st to the 22d 
inst. have been 2023 bales. The exports from the 1st to 15th 
are, Upland and Florida 7 @ 10c., Mobile 8 @ lie., N Orleans 
7 3-4 @ 11c. The estimates of the coming crop differ verv 
widely, but there is little doubt it will be a large one nrobahlv 
not far from 1.900,000 to 2,000,000 bales. ’ v y 
FLOUR AND MEAL.—The receipts of Flour from the interior 
have the past month been somewhat larger than during the pre¬ 
vious month, and during the first two weeks the market exhibit¬ 
ed little firmness or activity. The sales were merely to supply 
immediate wants of the trade, and for shipment to eastern 
ports at $6-65 @ $6-69 for Genesee, and .$6-50 @ 6-56 1-2 for 
Ohio. For a day or two previous to the arrival of the Britannia 
the market became rn ire firm and considerable parcels changed 
hands at $6-75 for Genesee, and $6-59@ $6-62 1-2 for Ohio and 
Michigan. Early on the 3d inst., before the advices by the Bri¬ 
tannia were generally known, sales were made to some extent at 
the prices of the day before, but subsequently when the news 
became disseminated that the English harvest was in a very 
precarious condition, and that large orders had come out by 
the steamer for Flour at high rates, holders advanced their pre¬ 
tensions to $7-59 @ 7-75 for almost every description, and dur¬ 
ing the prevalence of the excitement several sales of Genesee 
took place at $7-50, and of Ohio at $7-25 @ 7-50, mostly on 
speculation, as the English orders were limited at a much low¬ 
er rate. This feeling, however, soon subsided, and the market 
closed heavily. Later advices from England state that the 
harvest will be much more favorable than was anticipated, and 
consequently the demand for foreign bread stuffs will not be so 
extensive as was supposed. These advices have had the effect 
of depressing our home market, and prices have gradually de¬ 
clined until they reached a lower point than at the opening of 
the month, Genesee and Ohio selling as low as $6-25. Within 
a few days, however, a reaction has been experienced to some 
extent, and there are now no sellers of Genesee at less than 
$6-25. @ $6-50, and there appears among the receivers to be 
not nrjuch anxiety to make sales at that rate. Ohio is selling 
at $6-37 1-2 @ $6-45, Michigan $6-25 @ $6-37 1-2. The de¬ 
mand is fair, but, as is usual on an advancing market the 
sales are not very large. A parcel of 2000 hhls". Genesee was 
taken on Monday last for export to Liverpool at $6-37 1-2. The 
freight was obtained at Is. 6d. W bbl. Until we get decisive ac¬ 
counts of the extent of the demand to be expected from Great 
Britian for bread stuff, it will be difficult to make any plausible 
conjectures of the prospect of the Flour interests during the 
coming season. These accounts we shall soon get. Southern 
Flour has been very inactive during the month, and the market 
has been very lightly supplied. There has, however, been an 
improved demand within a few days, and the market is 
firm at $6-50 @ $6-62 1-2 for Georgetown, Howard-street and 
Brandywine. The market is almost entirely bare of other de¬ 
scriptions of Southern. The stock of Brandywine is fair, but 
it is small of Georgetown and Howard street. Corn Meal and 
Rye Flour have fallen off slightly,and are very dull. The former 
in puncheons, Brandywine, has been sold at about $15-00 or 
$15-50, and in bbls. could probably be bought at $3-75. Jersey 
in bbls. brings $3-50 @ $3-62 1-2. Rye Flour is dull at $3-50 
@$3-62 1-2. 
GRAIN.—The quantity of Wheat offering since our last re¬ 
port has not been large, and the price has gradually advanced 
The last sales (on Tuesday last) were of 1700 bushels prime 
old Genesee at $1-50 for shipment, 4,500 do. at $1-47, and 1200 
new Virginia, for milling, at $1-40; another parcel offered at 
the same time was subsequently sold in Albany. It is doubt¬ 
ful if these rates could be obtained for further lots, as Wheat 
at $1-50 makes Flour cost $7-50 qs* bbl. There is a fair de¬ 
mand for Wheat for shipment to Nova Scotia and the West In¬ 
dies, but at the present high rates shippers generally are unwil¬ 
ling to operate. The receipts of Corn during the month have 
been more plentiful, and this fact, with the cessation to a con¬ 
siderable extent, within a week, of the demand for the supply of 
Eastern ports, and the disinclination evinced by distillers to 
come into market at the present low rates for Whiskey, has 
produced a heaviness in the market, and holders have found 
it difficult to make sales at a reduction of 3 to 5c. bush. 
Sales of Northern have been made at 76 measure, and it is 
freely offered at 74 weight. Jersey sells at 74 @ 75 weight. 
The market has been bare of Southern for some time past. 
We shall probably begin to receive new corn about the last of 
October. Northern Rye has continued during the month in 
brisk demand with a light supply, and has for some time 
been firm at 75c. @ 751-2 at the boats, and 76 1-2 delivered. 
We have received several small parcels of new Rye, and 
about the 1st Oct. it will arive in sonsiderable quantities. 
Oats have been in steady demand without material variation. 
The supply is just now abundant, and the demand has fallen 
°ff- We quote the Northern dull at 48c. for new, and 50c. for 
old. There has been no Southern Oats at market for some 
weeks. The season for Barley is approaching, but no estimate 
can yet be formed of the price it will open at. 
PROVISIONS.—There is but little change to notice in these 
articles. The immense stock of Pork which had accumulated 
here to an amount never before known, has been somewhat re¬ 
duced, but not to an extent sufficient to affect prices materially. 
The demand for export is still limited, having been from the 
1st to 15th inst. only 1,564 bbls. The market since our last has 
remained steady at $8 @ $10 for Ohio Prime, and Mess $8-37A 
@ 10-37^ for N. York State, and $9 @ $11 for Lower Country. 
For home consumption the demand, both for Pork and beef, has 
been languid, and the latter has suffered a slight decline. Sales 
Prune have been made at $5-50, and Mess at $9-50, for City in¬ 
spection. Country inspection has been sold at a lower rate. 
For Lard there has been lately a brisk demand at improving 
rates, but within a day or two the inquiry has been less active. 
Prime Western brings in bbls. 7je. and in kegs 7 c. @ 7(c. 
Northern brings 8|c. @ 9e. Pickled Hams sell at 5c'. @ 5 i-2c. 
Smoked do. 4c. @ 8c. and Shoulders 3 l-2c. For Goshen Butter 
there is a good demand at 20e. and the receipts are not large 
P'or the common quality 14c. @ 16c. is obtained. The shipping 
qualities are at 11c. @ 12c. The stock is fair, and prices will 
hardly be sustained during the next month. Cheese has ad¬ 
vanced, and good sells freely at 6c. @ 6Jc. 
RICE.—The high rates at which the article has been held at the 
South, has, to some extent, prevented shipments to the North, 
and the drain upon the stock here for shipment and consump¬ 
tion, has reduced it very low. The demand is good, and through 
the month the rate has remained firm at $3-87 1-2 for first best 
Most holders now demand $4, and some small sales have been 
made at that rate. 
SEEDS.—The inquiry for Clover for export has entirely ceased, 
and for home demand the article is out of season The market 
however, is firm at 9 l-2c. @ 10c. qp> lb. The stock is not large, 
3,nd the i?ite is &bove the views of buyers. Timothy hcis declined 
in consequence of a light demand, and is freely offered at $18 
@ $20 tierce. The quantity of Flaxseed arriving is very 
small, and in consequence of the rise of 15c. per gal. in Linseed 
Oil, which has taken place recently, sales could probably be 
made at $10-50 @ $10-75^ tierce to the crushers. The arrivals 
of Foreign have of late been trifling. arrivals 
TOBACCO.—The market does not exhibit much animation, 
find the operations are mostly in small parcels^ and at auction 
At the last auction sales 15 hhds. low quality merchantable Vir¬ 
ginia brought 4 3-4c. @ 5 l-2c. averaging $5-08. Twelve hhds 
Kentucky, part unmerchantable, brought 4 3-4 @ 5 l-2c. averag¬ 
ing $4-96, and 6 hhds. do. merchantable, brought 5c. @ 8 3-4c 
averaging $7-17. For Manufactured there is but a very limited 
inquiry for export, and for home use the sales are only in retail 
lots. The quotations are, Richmond and Petersburg 5c @ 8c • 
North Carolina 5c. @ 6c.; Kentucky 5c. @ 10 l-2c.: Manufac¬ 
tured, No. 1, 12c. @ 15c.; No. 2. 10c. @ lie.; No. 3, Sc. @ 12 1-2 
Do. 32 lumps 16c. @ 20c.; Ladies’ Twist 16c. (a) 20c.; Cavendish 
10c. @ 40c. 
TALLOW.—For City rendered, the Butchers are asking 9 l-2c 
but sell occasional lots at 9c. to go out of the market. Other 
descriptions sell freely to manufacturers on arrival at lower 
rates. The market is bare of Foreign. The stock in the hands 
of the Butchers is very large, but they are firm at 9 l-2e. 
WOOL.—There is not a very active business doing in this 
great staple, but a demand exists to a fair extent. Primes are 
not very well sustained, and in the Country a slight decline has 
been submitted to. It is estimated that the consumption of 
Wool would have been four or five million pounds greater in 
the New-England States, had not the drouth stopped much of 
the machinery. The stock here is rather large. We quote 
Saxony Fleece 45c. @ 4Sc.; Full-blood Merino 40c. @ 43c. " half 
and three-quarter Merino 33c. @ 35c.; Native to quarter 25c. @ 
30c.j Superfine, pulled, 36c. @ 40; No. 1 do. 34c. @ 36c.; No. 2 "do 
25c. @ 28c. 
CATTLE.— Beeves.— The supply on the last market day was 
larger than for some time past, and prices in consequence de¬ 
clined a shade. Fourteen hundred and fifty head were offered 
including 100 left over from the previous week. Twelve hun¬ 
dred head were disposed of at $5 @ $7, averaging $5-75, being 
a decline of 25c ^ 100 lbs. on the previous week. '* The average 
sales in the first of the month were at $5-87 1-2. Cows and 
Calves— Sixty-five, mostly small and inferior, were at market, 
and fifty were taken at $25 @ $33 @ $38 each. Sheep and 
Lamps. —There were upwards of 4,000 head brought t.o the stand, 
most of which were sold at $1-50 @ $4-50 for Sheep, and $1 @ 
$2-75 for Lambs, according to quality. 
HAY.—There has been a fair supply, and the rate has been 
firm, with a tendency to advance. Loose, by the load, is selling 
at 91 @ 106c. 100 lbs. In the ea rly part of the month, the rate 
was 81 l-4c. @ 100c. 100 lbs. 
New mode or making Cheese. —A Maine paper gives the fol¬ 
lowing account of a new process of making cheese, which pro¬ 
mises well where only one or two cows are kept, as it has been 
“repeatedly tried with flattering success —The milk is set in 
the ordinary way every morning, and the curd is separated from 
the whey as well as it can be with the hands. It is then pressed 
compactly into the bottom of an earthen (or stone) pot, and co¬ 
vered over with several folds of dry linen or cotton cloth. By 
this process the remaining whey is absorbed, and when the 
cloth becomes saturated, it is removed and a dry one placed 
in its stead. In the course of a day and night the whey is 
removed as effectually as it could be done by pressing. The 
next morning the milk is prepared in the same manner, and 
the curd is packed closely upon the top of that prepared the 
day previous, and the same method pursued in separating 
the moisture. This process is to be repeated till you have a 
cream pot full of cheese. The labor is much less than in 
the old method, and the care of it afterwards comparatively 
nothing. —• 
Corn Oil. —A late number of the Niles (Michigan) Republican 
says,—“ We have been burning in a common lamp, for the last 
few weeks, oil extracted from corn, a quantity of which we re¬ 
ceived from B. A. Ward, of Berrien, who manufactures the ar¬ 
ticle. It gives a clear, beautiful light, and burns longer than 
the common whale oil, and emits no offensive smell. On the 
whole, we should think it better than any kind of oil for lamps.” 
We hope this oil was not obtained from a distillery. We have 
seen oil so obtained that burned finely, but its production in 
this case was too intimately associated with woe and misery to 
afford pleasureable sensations. If the oil can be obtained from 
corn without this drawback, it would be a desideratum for the 
country. — 
Cure for Burns. —An application of an ointment made of 
soot from the chimney, and oil, hogs’ lard, or almost any fat 
that is free from salt, is found to be one of the best remedies 
for burns. The soot should be of that kind which is pure and 
hard, and be thoroughly incorporated with the lard. If the 
burn is extensive, the management will be easier if the ointment 
is spread on strips of cloth, rather than a single piece. No ap¬ 
plication other than a renewal of this ointment will be neces¬ 
sary. We have known sn me bad cases cured with this pre¬ 
paration, and it should be generally known as a valuable me¬ 
dicine. 
Notices to Correspondents, Sic. 
We acknowledge^the receipt, during the last month, of com¬ 
munications from James M. Garnett, (dated in July,) Solon 
Robinson, S. W. Bartlett, Charles Starr, jr., C. N. O., Sheldon 
Moore, A Friend to Good Stock, J. W., J. M. Weeks, A. Huyck, 
A Reader, S. Denison, C. N. Bement, O. Cardin, B. M., W. J. 
D.,F. Minor, E.Link, M. E.Merwin, Joseph Coe, J. N. Keeler, 
John Lewis, A Friend to Southern Planters, T. Hudson, Com¬ 
mentator, J. L. Bowman, J. B. Tillinghast, Richard Fisk, (dated 
inMay,)D.F. Lott, J. Burrows, D. L. Dodge, Wm. Anderson, F. 
D. Huntington. 
Acknowledgments. 
During the last month we have recived, 
From Geo. C. Thorburn, Esq., New-York, “The Journal of the 
Royal Agricultural Society of England, part II., vol. 2,” and 
the last No. of “ The British Farmer’s Magazine,” for which, 
as well as for many similar favors, Mr. Thorburn will please 
accept our thanks. 
From Dayton & Saxton, New-York, a new edition, just issued 
by them, of Prof. Hitchcock’s “ Elementary Geology, with an 
Introductory Notice, by Dr. John Pye Smith.” 
From Wiley & Putnam, publishers, New-York, the first Ameri¬ 
can edition of “ A Treatise on Sheep, with the best means for 
their Improvement^ General Treatment, and the Treatment 
of their Diseases, by Ambrose Blaeklock.” 
From Thomas Affleck, the editor, a copy of “ The Western 
Farmer and Gardener’s Almanac, for 1842.” 
From William Blurton, Esq., of Field Hall, Uttoxeter, England, 
copies of his Essays on “ St earn Plowing,” and on “Milking,” 
for which he has our thanks. 
“ The Mark-Lane Express,” London, from the editor and pub¬ 
lisher, to whom we are indebted for the regular weekly num¬ 
bers of that paper in exchange for the Cultivator. 
From C. P. Bosson, editor Yankee Farmer, Boston, “A Short 
and Simple Letter from a Conservative Beekeeper.” For 
sale at his office in Boston, and by Geo, C. Thorburn, New- 
York—price 12 1-2 cents. 
From John Townsend, Esq., of this city, half a dozen ears 
of Button Corn, raised on his farm near this city, at least 
equal to any we have ever seen. 
From Wm. H. Sotham, Perch Lake Farm, samples of ih e Potato, 
mentioned in his letter in the last No. of the Cultivator. 
From G. Churchill, Esq., Ridge Prairie, Illinois, Seeds and 
Leaf of the wild White Hollyhock. 
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 
Fair of the American Institute—National Agricultural So¬ 
ciety—The Hessian Fly—Lousiania Agricultural Socie¬ 
ty—Oneida Agricultural Society,. 
Crops of 1841—Proper Improvement of Land—Meeting of ) 
the Royal Agricultural Society—Census of Agriculture, \ 
Extracts from Correspondents, Answers to Inquiries, 155 & 155 
Farm Houses—Audubon’s North American Firds—Media- > 
nic’s Fair of Western New-York,. ( 
Dictionary of Agricultural Terms,. 
Work for the Month—Leicester Sheep—Western Farmer 
& Gardener’s Almanac,... 
N. Y. State Agricultural Society—Mr. Allen’s Importa¬ 
tions—Agricultural Fairs in October—Agricultural Pa¬ 
pers—Review of the Market—Taking Honev without 
killing the Bees—Preservation of Birds—The Murrain- 
Great Yield of Spring Wheat,. 
The Hessian Fly, Wheat Worm, Ac. by Holkham— Buck, 
wheat, Rye and Clover, by S. Weller— Use of Lime 
by D. Y. O.... 
Buckthorn Hedges, by E H. Derby— Milking Properties of' 
the Short Horn Cows, by W. Lathrop— Origin of the 
Morgan Breed of Horses, by Geo. Boardman —Manage 
?! 
153 
154 
158 
159 
160 
161 
ment of Bees, by W. M. Hall— Clearing Laud, by O. G. 162 
—Large Root of Rye, and Remedy for Girdled Fruit 
Trees ; l>y M. E. Merwin, . 
Cylindrical Straw Cutter, by R. Sinclair, Jr.— Protection 
against Drouth, by A. M.—Traveling Memoranda, Nos. 
3 and 4, byS. Robinson, . 
National Ag. Society, Feeding Hay to Sheep, Ac. by N. Ti-4 
tus— Knowledge is Power, by A. F. A —Experiment I 
with Potatoes, by S. Stewart —Great Barn in Ohio, by f 
T. C. P. Saving Clover Seed, by J. L. Bowman,. ) 
National Agricultural Society, by J. M. Garnett— Boyn-' 
ton’s Straw Cutter, by J. Boynton— Preparation ofLard, 
by John Lewis— Harvesting Grain, by J. Burrows— 
Mott’s Agricultural Furnace, by C. N. Bement —Sun 
Dial, by S. Moore. . 
Comments on the August No. of the Cultivator, by Com¬ 
mentator —Culture of Forest Trees, by M. L. Knapp 
Mr. Prentice’s Farm, Short Horns, Ac. by L. F. A., • • - 
Woburn Hogs, by C. Starr, Jr.—SilkBusiness in Ohio, by ) 
J. B. Tillinghast— Farmers cut your Fodder, by R. Fisk I 
—Hydraulics for Farmers, by C. N. Bement— Beast’s V 
Tails, by C. Bliss— Relief of Choked Cattle, by D. F. I 
Lott,. I 
Review of the N. Y. Market for Sept—Notices to Corres- ) 
pondents, .. f 168 
163 
164 
165 
— > 166 
167 
Illustrations. 
Fig. 79—A Liecester Ram,. J59 
Fig. 80—Hessian Fly, Ichneumon, Wheat Worm Fly, Ac. 161 
Fig. 81—Cylindrical Straw Cutter,. I63 
Fig. 82—Mr. Starr’s Woburn Eoar,. 167 
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