190 
THE CULTIVATOR 
Premium Crops. 
The Washington Co. Jig. Society , awarded premiums 
as follows, at its late Fair in Salem : 
To- Job Eldridge of Easton, on corn, $6.00. 179 bush, 
of ears, common eight rowed, per acre, raised on green¬ 
sward broken up in April, without manure, seed rolled 
in plaster. 
To Amos A. Egleston of Greenwich, on corn, $4. 
125| bushels Dutton, per acre, on greensward, with 20 
loads barn yard manure before breaking up, and plas¬ 
tered once after the corn was up. Value of the crop 
after deducting expenses of cultivating, $31.61 per 
acre. 
To Amos A. Egleston, on oats, $4, 484 bushels per 
acre, English, weighing over 40 lbs. per bushel ; soil 
sandy loam, in corn last year, and 20 loads of manure 
then applied, none since ; sowed 3 bushels per acre. 
Nett profit $23.05. 
To Peleg Sherman, of Greenwich, on potatoes, $5. 
806| bushels per acre,* by estimation, French pink 
eyes and Leopards ; raised on land manured and in grass 
last year, oats the year previous; seed sliced, one eye 
on a piece, two pieces in a hill, with plaster. 
To Phineas B. Whelden of Greenwhich, on peas, 
$4, 30 bushels per acre ; soil slate and loam, in corn 
last year, stalks stacked and foddered on the land. 
To John A. McNeil of Greenwich, on winter wheat 
$6, 29 bushels per acre, on pasture land, broken up in 
July ; harrowed, replowed, and sown in September ; 14 
bushels seed per acre j 1 bushel plaster in June, and 
the same in September. 
To Alexander Cherry of Greenwich, on winter wheat 
$4, 21£ bushels per acre, weighing 64 lbs. per bushel ; 
on newly cleared gravelly land ; 4 bushel of lime per 
acre before sowing ; subsequently 1 bushel plaster, and 
a like quantity in the spring. 
To Calvin Skinner of Cambridge, on flax, $4, 300 lbs. 
of lint and 1.2 bushels of seed per acre. Nett profit $32. 
The Wayne Co. Jig. Society aw r arded its first premium 
of $5, to Samuel Hecox, it being for 80-§ bushels of yel¬ 
low shelled corn to an acre. 
Second premium of $3, to Daniel Kenyon, for 82 
bushels white shelled corn per acre. 
First premium of $5, to Daniel Kenyon, for half an 
acre of potatoes, yield 109£ bushels. 
Second premium of $3, for half an acre of potatoes, 
yield 1024 bushels. 
The Oneida Co. Jig. Society awarded premiums on 
field crops as follows : 
To Elisha Pettibone of Vernon, best acre of winter 
wheat, 374 bushels, samples exhibited of the very best 
quality, $15. Julius Curtiss, Westmoreland, best acre 
of corn 84 bushels, 36 lbs. $15—the corn was excellent 
from sample. Elisha Shaw, Rome, 2d best acre corn, 
83 bushels, 16 lbs. very good corn, $8 ; Nathaniel S. 
Wright, Vernon, best acre of oats, 61 bushels 3 pecks, 
$15 ; Jay Pettibone, Vernon, best acre of barley, 50 
bushels 5 lbs. $10. Benj. P. Johnson, Rome, best half 
acre potatoes, (Silver Lake) quality and quantity con¬ 
sidered, 106 bushels, $10. James Phinney, Vernon, 
best half acre, quantity alone, 192 bushels, $10. 
To Lyman Stoddard, Westmoreland, 2d best half 
acre, as to quantity, 178 bushels, $5. 
To Benj. P. Johnson, Rome, best half able rutabaga, 
213 bushels, $10. 
The officers regretted that they were obliged to ex¬ 
clude the crops of corn of Stephen Scott of Lee, which 
yielded 97 bushels and 40 lbs. to the acre, and the crops 
of oats of Elizer C. Burton of Lee, which yielded 84 
bushels 20 lbs. per acre. 
These crops were not measured in the presence of 
the Town Committee as required by the regulations of 
the Society ; and justice to the members of the Society 
demand a strict compliance with the regulations adopt¬ 
ed, although the officers are satisfied that the above 
measurement was correct as to the quantity, the same 
being affirmed by the affidavit of the producer. 
The Committee on Field Crops, of the Washtenaw 
Jig. Society, Michigan, state, that “Mr. John W. Van 
Cleve of Ypsilanti, has raised the present year, from a 
field of four acres, 168 bushels of wheat by measure, 
and by weight, 182 bushels, overrunning 5 lbs. per 
bushel. But was not communicated in time to be enti¬ 
tled to a premium, agreeable to the regulations of the 
Society, but this fact shows wheat can be raised even to 
45 bushels per acre on most of the lands of this coun¬ 
ty.” 
The Cayuga Co. Jig. Society awarded to Joseph F. 
Osburn, the first premium of $8, for the best crop of 
corn, presented by specimens, both in quality of seed 
and quantity produced, which is 144 bushels 11 lbs. to 
the acre. 
The second premium of $5, for quantity, (121 bush¬ 
els 15 lbs. to the acre) was awarded to Jas. Sherman 
of Springport. The seed we conceive not of the best 
kind. 
The Genesee Ag. Society awarded premiums to H. 
Brainard, best acre of corn, 97 bushels—best acre of 
potatoes, 400 bushels—best three acres of spring wheat, 
27 bushels per acre. Mr. Brainard had no competitor. 
The Monroe Co. Ag. Society awarded premiums for 
field crops, as follows : 
Wheat —To James Beatty, Esq. of Greece, the first 
* This crop excites our surprise more than any one we have 
heard of, since the famous corn crop of Kentucky, which was 
said to have yielded 200 bushels per acre. Were the requisite 
certificates given that Mr. Sherman’s potatoes were correctly 
“ estimate U” 
premium $10—quantity 53 29-60 bushels to the acre. 
George Sheffer, Esq. Wheatland, 2d do. $7—40 do. 
Samuel Shadbolt, Esq. Chili, 3d do. $5—35£ do. 
Corn .—Robert D. Marlin, Chili, first premium, $7— 
quantity 94 bushels to the acre. Ebenezer Gooding, 
Henrietta, 2d do. $5—90 do. L. B. Langworthy, 3d do. 
$3—80 1-32 do. 
Potatoes .—Owen McGuire, Greece, first premium, 
$5—quantity 340 bushels to the acre. George Shefler, 
Wheatland. 2d do. $3—312 do. Samuel Davison, Greece, 
3d do. $2—280 do. 
Roots. —F. P. Root, Sweeden, first premium, on ruta 
baga, $5—quantity, 1200 bushels to the acre. George 
Sheffer, first premium on mangle wurtzel, $5—1000 do. 
Do. do : sugar beet, $5—1160 do. 
Agricultural 2*airs of la'll. 
Never have these Farmers’ Holidays been so nume¬ 
rous, so well attended, or conducted with so much spi¬ 
rit and success, as in the present year. The old socie¬ 
ties, those which have existed for years, seem to have 
received new life and vigor ; and the new ones, which 
have everywhere sprung up, will soon overtake, should 
they proceed as they now promise, their predecessors, 
in usefulness. Men of all classes appear to be recover¬ 
ing their senses, and at last coming to the conclusion 
that, from the soil, and by the sweat of the brow, the 
prosperity of the nation must be built up. The earth 
does not deal in promises to pay, hut where value re¬ 
ceived, in the shape of labor is deposited, her rate of 
exchange is most liberal and satisfactory. A dollar 
will always remain a dollar, call it three or five as we 
may, as in times past we have done ■ hut to make it 
three or five, the additional value must be given by la¬ 
bor, by positive industry, not by mere promises. The 
increase of industry, the greater reliance on labor, is 
one of the most cheering indications the Fairs of 1841 
furnish. Men may get rich by accident, but where 
wealth is thus suddenly acquired by the individual, 
there is no accession to the general mass ; what the one 
gains in this case, is taken from that of the many ; the 
general welfare, or the prosperity of the whole, is 
checked in most of these cases, rather than advanced. 
There is no royal road to wealth, or even to compe¬ 
tence ; patient, perserving industry is the only sure 
method of securing the comforts or the luxuries of life, 
and the man who loves his country will rejoice at every 
indication that honest labor is assuming its proper place 
in public estimation ; that the strife is hereafter to be, 
not who shall blow the most splendid bubbles, hut who 
shall contribute most by their industry to the common 
stock of national prosperity. Such is the happy condi¬ 
tion of things in the United States, that the well inform¬ 
ed man, who minds his own business, can, with the or¬ 
dinary blessing of Providence, scarcely fail of a compe¬ 
tence. We sa y ivell informed, for the man, whatever 
may be his pursuits, xvho does not keep himself well 
informed as to the state of the business he is in, what¬ 
ever may be .his efforts, can scarcely hope for ultimate 
success, since his labors must of necessity be ill-direct¬ 
ed, and instead of leading the advance, his whole life 
may be spent in a fruitless struggle to merely follow. 
In no pursuit is this fact more conspicuous than in those 
of the Farmer or Mechanic, and the Fairs of the pre¬ 
sent season have furnished the most abundant evidence 
that the prosperity of men or districts in these pursuits, 
is in accordance with the information within their 
reach. 
It has been a subject of regret with us that we are 
unable to give more fully the proceedings of the nume¬ 
rous Agricultural Societies in our country, with their 
several Shows and Fairs, but it would require more 
space than the ample and closely filled pages of the 
Cultivator, to contain a tithe of them ; and while we 
tender our acknowledgments to the kind friends who 
have furished reports, addresses, &c. they will pardon 
us if we are only able merely to allude to some of the 
many. — 
New-Eli gland Agricultural Societies. 
Now, as heretofore, the farmers of New-England 
have, in many respects, borne away the palm from all 
their competitors. There is a spirit and a perseverance 
among the sons of the Pilgrims worthy of a more gene¬ 
ral imitation,—a spirit and perseverance which ensures 
success, whatever may be the pursuit or the nature of 
the opposing obstacle. With a soil and climate far less 
fertile and propitious than that of some other sections of 
the Union, the results of the productive industry of the 
men of New-England equal that of any other portion, 
and in some respects exceed them. More variable, 
and embracing more sources of profit, the industry of 
the Eastern States more rarely fails of its reward, than 
that of those sections where the productive labor is 
limited to fewer articles. In corn, cattle, sheep, swine, 
and articles of domestic industry these States can show 
crops, animals and articles that are with difficulty 
rivaled in any quarter. In working cattle, the farmers 
of New-England are without rivals ; this the recent 
fairs most clearly demonstrate. We give a single in¬ 
stance, and an honorable one it is, of this fact. The 
county of Middlesex, (Ct.) held its first fair and show at 
Middletown, in October last. Several of the towns of 
that small county exhibited nearly 100 pairs of working 
cattle each ; ancl the train from South Farms was over 
100, and that from Durham 150 yoke. These immense 
trains of beautiful cattle, numbering nearly 400 pair in 
the whole, came upon the ground attached to vehicles 
loaded with the various productions of the soil, or¬ 
chards and gardens, with numerous articles of domes¬ 
tic industry, rich flowers, and fairer women. We might, 
too, cite the fairs and shows of old Plymouth, the ever 
interesting one of Worcester, those of Kennebec, and 
Concord, as cases in point; hut those who have had 
the pleasure of attending one of the fairs of Old Berk¬ 
shire, and witnessed the plowing match, and the work 
ing cattle of that exhibition, will need no further evi¬ 
dence, that on these points the New-Englanders are un- 
unrivaled. 
The Fair and Cattle Show of the Berkshire Ag- 
society was held as usual at Pittsfield, on the 6th and 
7th of October, and conducted in that spirited and en¬ 
ergetic manner, which has given such deserved celebrity 
to the Fairs of Old Berkshire. The Berkshire plow¬ 
ing match, which has always been the great point of 
attraction with the spectators of this fair, (as they will 
be with all others, when well conducted,) went off' with 
more than ordinary interest, twenty teams being enter¬ 
ed, and the performance both as to time and execution 
being eminently satisfactory. Never has the exhibition 
of domestic manufactures, or agricultural implements 
been finer, and the farmers of this beautiful portion of 
New-England‘s hills and valleys, showed by their deeds 
and the deeds of their wives and daughters, that the 
spirit of ’’76 and of independence was still strong 
and active. A large number of cattle were on the 
ground as competitors for the premiums, and the show 
of animals was fine. The Hereford bull “ Snowball,” 
owned by C. N. Bement, was presented to the Society 
by Mr. Bement, after a discretionary premium of ten 
dollars, had been awarded him by the Society. We 
take pleasure in annually noticing the report of this 
Society. There is an earnestness in their proceedings, 
which speaks well for their further progress, and ren¬ 
ders them an example worthy of imitation. 
At New-Haven, in Ct. the Fair and Show this year 
far exceeded all former exhibitions of the kind, and 
evinced that the farmers of that fine section of country 
are not unmindful of their true interest. There are 
some beautiful gardens in and about the City of Elms, 
which contributed much to the interest of the exhibi¬ 
tion, as they had before done to the pleasure and profit 
of the owners-. Other cities would do well to take New- 
Haven for an example in more than one respect; and 
if they would plant their streets with trees, and expend 
their surplus Avealth in gardens, they would do more for 
themselves, vastly more than they have yet clone. Some 
300 pairs of working oxen were brought into the city in 
long trains from the neighboring towns, and the display 
of animals was fine. The astonishing numbers of fat 
cattle, working oxen, milch cows, sheep and swine, 
which the fairs of New-England have this year called 
out, would seem to show that the intelligent farmers of 
those States have anticipated the opinion of Mr. Web¬ 
ster, as given in his agricultural speech at Worcester at 
the late fair, “ that New-England ought to be devoted 
to the raising of stock, and to the profits of beef and 
the dairy.” This opinion was enforced by the fact, 
“ that all grain growing countries were poor, and im¬ 
poverished in their soil; while the stock raising and 
wool growing countries were more flourishing, and 
with a constantly improving soil.” New-England, how¬ 
ever, cannot .and ought not to renounce the growing of 
corn, and we are inclined to think a proper division of 
labor, and a better rotation of crops, would enable her 
to add materially to her production of grain, while her 
stock of animals was at the same time increased. But 
it is evident that the Eastern States must rely more on 
the sources pointed out by Mr. W. for their farming 
profits than on their grain crops, corn excepted. All 
the shows have called out swine which showed how 
much the breeds have been improved within a few 
years, and demonstrated most satisfactorily that good 
hogs, and fat hogs, are not, as some contend, entirely 
dependant on the capacity of the corn crib. Every far¬ 
mer who fattens a dozen pigs a year, may save from 
ten to twenty dollars in the expense of making the same 
weight of pork, by a choice of animals to feed, inde¬ 
pendent of the pleasure which the owner of a pen of 
fine, thriving quiet pigs must feel, when compared with 
the squealing, restless, all-devouring breeds of the old¬ 
en time. We observe that at most of the Eastern Fairs, 
pigs of the Berkshire, Woburn, Leicester, ancl McKay 
breeds were shown, but the fine proportions of the 
Berkshires seemed to obtain for them, with few excep¬ 
tions, the preference. We have observed that most of 
the heavy fat cattle shown at the fairs of this year have 
been crosses of the Short Horns, (the pure blood ani¬ 
mals being as yet too valuable to he slaughtered,) and 
this fact shows the influence which has been already 
produced in giving a greater weight and tendency to fat¬ 
ten to the cross over the native stock, The effect of the 
Hereford cross on the stock of the country is yet to be 
seen ; but we cannot doubt that for working or fatten¬ 
ing animals it will be most beneficial. Of fat oxen, 
however, the three yoke exhibited at the State Fair at 
Syracuse have, as yet, borne away the palm, and it is 
very problematical wheiher six animals of greater 
weight can be elsewhere produced in the States. 
Fair of the American Institute. 
The great Mechanics’ Fairs of this country, the pre¬ 
sent year, have been those of Boston and New-York. 
That of Rochester was most interesting, as exhibiting 
what can he done in a country that but a few years 
since was a wilderness. The fair at New-York, how¬ 
ever, embracing as it did, all the branches of produc¬ 
tive industry, must be considered as having exceeded 
