THE CULTIVATOR 
191 
all others. That it should have failed ia some respects 
is not to be wondered at, since it was so successful in 
so many, and the greatest failure must be considered as 
existing in the paucity of numbers of the blood stock 
exhibited, when compared with some other shows. The 
object of the Institute is a noble one, and it has already 
done much for the cause of domestic industry and home 
production; it is destined, we think, to do much more. 
The addresses before it have always been of a high or¬ 
der, and although the gentleman selected (Reverdy 
Johnson of Baltimore) disappointed the association, the 
address of the Rev. Mr. Choules was not an inferior 
substitute. It was rich in every species of excellence. 
We make the following extracts from the report given 
in Greely’s Tribune : 
“ Mr. Choules dilated on the great benefits realized 
from the circulation of agricultural periodicals. lie 
once undertook to tell, in passing through a town, what 
farmers took agricultural papers, from the appearance 
of their farms, and missed but once in thirteen times. 
The whole country is enriched by those papers. I al¬ 
most envy the claims of Judge Buel on national grati¬ 
tude. 
“ I was lately in the company of a son of a bank pre¬ 
sident—a young man accomplished in his way—who 
inquired what neat cattle meant, and how many years 
it took wheat to come to maturity. I earnestly believe 
that agricultural papers, generally circulated in our 
cities, would be productive of the greatest benefit. 
“ I wish we could create a general passion for gar¬ 
dening and horticulture. We want more beauty about 
our houses—more to attach us to our homes. The scenes 
of our childhood are the memories of our future years. 
Let our dwellings be beautified with plants and flow¬ 
ers. Flowers are, in the language of a late cultivator, 
‘ the play things of childhood, and the ornaments of the 
grave ;—they raise smiling looks to man, and grateful 
ones to God.’ ” 
We do not think it possible to state in more forcible 
language the great defects existing in the education of 
a part of our young men and women, than is done in 
the second paragraph we have quoted from Mr. C. If 
the shameful ignorance here described was only that of 
an individual it would not be so surprising, but it is ob¬ 
vious to every one that this individual represents a large 
class among our most fashionable gentlemen and ladies, 
—a class, too, which, more than all others, are profuse 
in their sneers at the honest man or woman who lives 
and thrives by personal industry. We have no patience 
with such miscalled gentlemen and ladies; their igno¬ 
rance and airs are alike intolerable and without ex¬ 
cuse, and the sooner they are like Nebuchadnezzar turn¬ 
ed out to grass, or sent to take lessons from nature in 
the open fields, the better it will be for them and for 
the country. 
We agree with Mr. C. and with nearly every intelli¬ 
gent traveler who has visited Europe, or rather Eng¬ 
land, that in only one respect are we in advance of our 
transatlantic farming friends. Our farm horses are, 
as a body, better than theirs ; and in their most im¬ 
proved breeds for farm labor, they have nothing supe¬ 
rior to the Morgan horse of Vermont, or the Conestoga 
horse of Pennsylvania. We believe that ere long the 
same remarks will be true of our best breeds of cattle, 
sheep and swine ; certainly they will be if the breeders 
of these animals here use proper care and skill, as our 
stock of imported animals is so complete that we have 
in our hands every element of success. 
Premiums Awarded By the Institute. 
HORSES. 
Stallions. —To Nathaniel A. Cooper, for the best stud horse, 
(Messenger,) a gold medal or silver cup of the value of $15. 
To Spencer C. Smith, Warren Co., N. J., for the 2d best stud 
horse, (Top Gallant, Jr.,) a silver medal. 
To Dr. John A. Poole, New-Brunswick, N. J., for the 3d best 
stud horse (Raritan,) a diploma. 
Brood Marcs. —James A. Hamilton, Dobbs’ Ferry, N.Y., for the 
best brood mare (Janette,) a gold medal or silver cup of the va¬ 
lue of $15. 
To John H. Coster, New-York, for the 2d best brood mare 
(Gulnare.) a silver medal. 
To Dr. John A. Poole, New-Brunswick, N. J., for the 3d best 
brood mare (Medora,) a diploma. 
Colts. —To Charles M. Hall, Harlem, N. Y., for the best colt, 
not exceeding two years old (Matchem,) a silver cup of the va¬ 
lue of 08. 
To John H. Coster, New-York, for the 2d best colt, a diploma. 
SWINE. 
To Wm. Salisbury, Leeds, for the best full blood Berkshire 
sow, a silver eup of the value of $8. 
To Henry Hudson, for the 2d best Berkshire sow, a diploma. 
To Wm. Salisbury, Leeds, for the best Berkshire boar, a sil¬ 
ver cup of the value of $S. 
To Benjamin Jackson, New-York, for the best shoat, a silver 
medal. 
To Henry A. Field, New-Yo.rk, for a sow and 10 pigs, Berkshire 
breed, a diploma 
NEAT CATTLE. 
To Dr. John A. Poole, New-Brunswick, N. J., for the best bull 
(Bernard,) a gold medal or silver cup. 
To John M’D. McIntyre, for the 2d best bull (Consul,) a 
silver medal. 
To Charles M. Hall, Harlem, N.Y., for the 3d best bull (young 
Dishley,) a diploma. 
Bulls between one and three years. —To William Pirnie, West¬ 
chester co., N. Y., for the best bull (Young Wallace,) a silver 
cup. 
To Dr. John A. Poole, New-Brunswick, N. J., for the 2d best 
bull (Carter,) a silver medal. 
Cows between three and seven years. —To Henry Whitney, 
New Haven, Connecticut, for the best cow (Strawberry,) a sil¬ 
ver cup. 
To Thomas Addis Emmett, New-York, for the 2d best cow 
(White Lily,) a silver medal. 
To Wilham Pirnie, Westchester co., N. Y., for the 3d best 
cow (Fanny,) a diploma. 
To Dr. John A. Poole, New-Brunswick, N. J. for the best hei¬ 
fer (Eliza,) a silver medal. 
To James De Wolf, Throgg’s Neck, Westchester eo., N. Y., 
for the 2d best heifer (Lucy,) a diploma. 
Calves .—'To Dr. John A. Poole, New-Brunswick, N. J., for the 
best calf (Franklin,) a silver cup. 
To Stephen Van Rensselaer, Albany, N. Y., for the 2d best 
calf (Emma,) a diploma. 
To John A. Poole, New-Brunswick, N. J., for a three months 
old calf, a diploma. 
To Nelson Washbun, for Devon bull and Devon heifers, ex¬ 
cellent specimens of full bloods, a silver medal. 
To Wm. R. Townsend, New-Haven, Conn., for a pair of Dur¬ 
ham oxen, liye weight 5245 lbs., a silver cup. 
SHEEP. 
To H. N. Washbun, Butternuts, Otsego co., N. Y., for the 
best specimen of South Down ewes, a silver cup. 
To Samuel Waite, Orange co., N. Y., for the best specimen 
of South Down bucks, a silver cup. 
To Charles M. Hall, Harlem, N. Y., for the best specimen of 
Bakewell bucks, a silver cup. 
To Messrs. Corning & Sotham, Albany, N. Y., for the best 
specimen of Cotswold bucks, a silver cup. 
To George Wilson, Westchester co., N. Y., for the best speci¬ 
men of Lincolnshire bucks, a silver medal. 
To Francis Rotch, Butternuts, Otsego co., N. Y., fora South 
Down wether of great beauty and merit, a diploma. 
To Stephen Brown, Westchester co., N. Y., for superior spe¬ 
cimens of Bakewell fat ewes, a silver medal. 
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY. 
J. Scott & Co., 21 Courtland-street, N. Y., for the best assort¬ 
ment of agricultural labor-saving machines. Gold medal. 
Justus Slater, (Barnaby & Mooer’s patent,) Ithaca, N. Y., for 
the best plow. Gold medal. 
Minor & Horton, Peekskill, N. Y., for the second best plow. 
Silver medal. 
Abel Greenleaf, Williamsburgh, L. I., for the best straw cut¬ 
ter. Silver medal. 
Martin Armstrong, Williamsburgh, L. I , for the second best 
straw cutter. Diploma. 
Gideon Freeborn, 183 Front-street, for the best corn sheller. 
Diploma. 
John Mayher, Front-street, for the second best com sheller. 
Diploma. 
George Page, Baltimore, Md., for the best corn planter. Sil¬ 
ver medal. 
Calvin Olds, Marlborough, Vt., for the second best corn plant¬ 
er. Diploma. 
H. Baldwin, Washington, Conn., for the best clover seed mill. 
(Silver medal awarded last year.) Diploma. 
Joseph Ross, Boundbrook, N. J., for a combined clover seed 
and thrashing machine. Silver medal. 
William A. Crowell, Lime Rock, Conn., for the best churn. 
Diploma. 
Jordan L. Mott, Water-street, for the best agricultural boiler. 
(Silver medal awarded last year.) Diploma. 
Solon Robinson, Lake county, Indiana, for a vegetable steam¬ 
er, (simple and cheap.) Silver medal. 
Josiah Platt, Bridgeport, Conn., for the best mill for grinding 
feed. Diploma. 
Isaac Scott & Co., 21 Courtland-street, for the second best milL 
for grinding feed. Diploma. 
D. H. Southworth, Newburg, N. Y., and Charles Dowdcn, 
Speedwell, N. J., for excellent smut machines, no difference be¬ 
ing susceptible to the judges. A diploma, certifying a gold me¬ 
dal before awarded to Southworth, and a gold medal to Dow- 
den. 
D. A. Webster, 20 Bowery, N. Y., for a thrashing machine, 
(elastic beaters.) (Silver medal before awarded.) Diploma. 
John Fitchey, Newburg, N. Y., for a thrashing machine, (elas¬ 
tic bed.) Silver medal. 
E. Townley, 175 Thompson-street, for excellent bee hives. 
(Silver medal before awarded.) Diploma. 
John Sholl, Houston-street, lor a rustic bee hive. (Silver me- 
del before awarded.) Diploma. 
John Searle, Franklin, Merrimack co. N. H., for a new method 
of constructing bee houses and bee hives. Diploma. 
B. Swift, Dutchess co. N. Y., for a vegetable cutter. Diploma. 
Mark Poole, 100 Orchard-street, for an excellent garden en¬ 
gine. Silver medal. 
Jonathan Reed, 76 Barclay-street, for a horse-power reaping 
machine. Silver medal. 
H. Branch, Fulton-street, Brooklyn, for a corn cultivator. 
Silver medal. 
D. K. Minor, 120 Nassau-street, for a barrow drill. Diploma. 
Daniel Markhams, Burlington, N. Y., for a portable fence. 
Diploma. 
Martin Armstrong, Williamsburgh, for a horse-power straw 
cutting machine. Diploma. 
J. BT Vail, Columbia county, N. Y., for a specimen of hay 
pressing. Diploma. 
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONS, Ac. 
Johanis J. Lott, Flatlands, Kings county, L. I., for the best 
field of corn—yield 114 bushels 2 quarts per acre. Silver cup. 
John Schenck, Bushwick, L. I., for the second best field of 
corn—yield 112 bushels 16 quarts per acre. Diploma. 
George Chesterman, Harlem, N. Y., for the best specimen of 
Long Island white corn. Diploma. 
J. G. Bell, New-York, for the second best specimen of white 
corn. Diploma. 
E. Holbrook, Hyde Park, N. Y., for the best bushel of wheat. 
A set of the Cultivator. 
James Turner, Albany, N. Y., for a superior specimen of 
wheat. Silver medal. 
Richard Andrews, Rockland county, for the best bushel of rye. 
A set of the Cultivator. 
William Hughes, Gowanus, L. I., for the best bushel of oats. 
Silver medal. 
Stephen Yates, St. Johnsville, Montgomery co. N. Y., for the 
best specimens of cheese. Gold medal. 
B. W. Plumb, .3 Front-street, for the second best specimen of 
cheese. Silver medal. 
B. W. Plumb, 3 Pront-street, for specimen of pine apple 
cheese. Diploma. 
Coe, Hubbel & Co., Winchester, Conn., for specimens of 
cheese. Diploma. 
William Webb, Wilmington, Del , for specimens of sugar 
made from corn stalks. Diploma. 
Dr. R. M. Bolles, Harris’ Island, Conn., for the best specimens 
of seedling potatoes, (Bolles’ seedling.) Copy of Bridgeman’s 
Gardener’s Assistant. 
Thomas Bridgeman, Broadway, for the best Practical Trea¬ 
tise on Fruit and Garden Vegetables, “ Bridgeman’s Gardener’s 
Assistant.” Gold medal. 
A. Hoffy, Philadelphia, Pa., for an excellent Treatise on the 
Fruits of the United States. Silver medal. 
Alexander Walsh, Lansingburgh, N. Y., for the best design for 
an Ornamental Garden, with explanations. Gold medal. 
D. L. Farnham, 247 Water-street, for the best metal fountain. 
Gold medal. 
RAW AND MANUFACTURED SILK. 
Mrs. M. Everson and Mrs. H. Lee, Ithaca, Tompkins county, 
N. Y., for the best specimen of raw silk. Gold medal. 
Wm. O. Norcross, Munson, Mass., for the second best speci¬ 
men of raw silk. Silver medal. 
Jeoffry Hutchinson, Suffolk county, L. L, for a handsome spe¬ 
cimen of raw silk. Silver medal. 
Mrs. M. Everson and Mrs. LI. Lee, Ithaca, Tompkins county, 
N. Y., for the best specimen of large peanut cocoons. Silver 
medal. 
Edmund Morris, Burlington, N. J., for the second best speci¬ 
men of peanut cocoons. Diploma. 
Wm. H. Jones, Manchester, Conn., for the best specimen of 
sewing silk. Silver medal. 
Mathias Price, Newark, N. J., for handsome specimens of 
floss silk, cleansed silk, and spun silk hose. Diploma. 
John McRae, 109 Canal-street, for the best specimens of ma¬ 
nufactured silt, (shawls, cord and braid.) Silver medal. 
B. S. Yates, 73 Bleecker-street, for specimens of silk handker¬ 
chiefs, silk for dresses, cords and tassels. Silver medal. 
SILK REELS, MACHINERY, &c. 
Thomas White, Nashville, Tennessee, for the best domestic 
silk machine. Gold medal. 
Aaron Clarke, Greenwich, Conn., for the best silk reel for do¬ 
mestic use. (Silver medal awarded last year.) Diploma. 
Samuel Blydenburgh, 13 Yandewater-street, for the second 
best, silk reek, (having several excellent qualities.) Silver me¬ 
dal. 
Wm. H. Jones, Manchester, Conn., for the best silk reel for a 
manufactory. (It dispenses with re-reeling.) Silver medal. 
Reports of Viewing Committees. 
We have always found that the reports of the view¬ 
ing committees on farms, and the state of agriculture 
generally, if made in the right manner, have excited as 
much interest in the local or county societies, as any 
part of the proceedings. In some societies this season 
we find this has been omitted, no committees having 
been appointed, and no reports having been made, an 
omission which should not occur another year. One of 
the best papers presented to any society the present 
year, one calculated to do much good, and which might 
profitably be made exemplar in many other counties, is 
the report of the Jefferson County Viewing Committee, 
as made to the County Agricultural Society. When a 
few able farmers, and experienced observing men, tra¬ 
verse a county, and visit farms, dairies, &c. for the ex¬ 
press purpose of comparison, they more readily recog¬ 
nize improvements, or more certainly detect errors, than 
men who have no such object in view. Their observa¬ 
tions and their recommendations have deservedly great 
weight on all subjects connected with agriculture, and 
every farmer who takes an interest and pride in his 
profession will be pleased to receive a visit, and profit 
by the suggestions of such men. It has occurred to us 
that in large counties, town committees for ascertaining 
the quantities of grain, roots. Ac. grown, when it was 
intended to offer such for premiums, might he appoint¬ 
ed, as their reports could not conflict, and would proba¬ 
bly bring out a greater number of farmers as claimants 
for premiums than is now done. Some of the reports 
of committees -made to societies this year have very 
properly noticed the subject of large and small farms. 
We scarcely could name any error among farmers so 
common, or so pernicious, as the anxiety for large 
farms. We have no doubt that if all the farms of this 
State of 100 acres and over were divided, and the ma¬ 
nure and labor given to the whole, applied to one-half, 
that the products and profits would be greater than they 
now are ; and the only way to make great farms pay as 
well as small ones, is to employ the same proportion 
of capital in labor and manure, a thing rarely or never 
done in this country. If the man who has a hundred 
acres of land here, Avould divide it with his son, instead 
of sending the latter to encounter the dangers and pri¬ 
vations of a new region that he may have more land, 
we presume both would, in most cases, he benefited by 
such an arrangement. The man who has brought his 
small farm to the highest point of fertility, will usually 
he able to find other acres near, that may be advantage¬ 
ously submitted to a similar process. 
Mr. Howland’s Address. 
One of the most interesting addresses we have this 
year read or heard, is the one by H. Howland, before 
the Cayuga Society at Auburn. We alluded to it in our 
last number, but refer to it again in this place for the 
purpose of recommending it to the attention of our read¬ 
ers, Avho will find it on another page of this number. It 
is local, concise, direct. The sketch of the early history 
of that county is valuable ; (those who wish for more am¬ 
ple details of the matters to which Mr. H. alludes, will 
do well to consult O’Reilly’s “Rochester ;”) the statistics 
of the county, important to an understanding of the re¬ 
sources of that section, and his remarks on the agricul¬ 
ture and course of farming pursued, or most advisa¬ 
ble, plain and just. There is in the paragraph address¬ 
ed to young men much that Ave Avish those Avho are just 
entering upon the active business of life, Avould ponder 
upon carefully. The advice is that of truth and sober¬ 
ness, and sooner or later Avill he acknowledged as such. 
Cuyahoga Agricultural Society. 
The Cleveland, Ohio, Cattle ShoAV and Fair attracted 
a great number of farmers and others, and despite the 
stormy and disagreeable Aveather, excited much inte¬ 
rest in that flourishing section of the country. There 
Avas a very handsome exhibition of horses, cattle, sheep 
and swine ; and a manifest improvement in native stock 
over that of former exhibitions was visible. Some fine fat 
cattle, rarely equalled in the markets of Philadelphia or 
NeAV-York, Avere shown, and beautiful Burhams from 
Cuyahoga, Lorrain and Summit counties. Owing to the 
unfavorable Aveather, the ploAving match was poorly at¬ 
tended, and the in-door exhibition of manufactures, 
agricultural implements, fruits, flowers, Ac. became the 
great point of attraction and interest. The address of 
J. W. Allen, Esq. Avas rich in its illustrations, facts, 
