THE CULTIVATOR. 
appearances, that the citizens are not strong advocates of “ in¬ 
ternal improvements,” so far as their own corporation is con¬ 
cerned. 
The public buildings are the great, I may say the only orna¬ 
ments of Washington. Tome the Patent office possesses the 
greatest interest. Independent of the models, nearly all of 
which that were burnt having been replaced, there is the great 
“ Hall of Manufactures,” in which it is designed to exhibit spe¬ 
cimens of all kinds of manufactures of the United States, form¬ 
ing one of the most interesting collections in the country. It is 
also intended to exhibit specimens of every known kind of ag¬ 
ricultural implement, from the earliest ages to this time; also 
a collection of all kinds of grains and seeds. 
The Smithsonian collection of curiosities, and also that of 
the. exploring expedition, together with the gallery of Indian por¬ 
traits, are now exhibited in this building, forming in the whole, 
an extensive free museum. 
From Washington to Baltimore, along the line of the rail¬ 
road, the land is mostly miserably poor and uncultivated. It 
is surprising to see what a mass of human beings daily pass 
over this road. If half of our agricultural population pursued 
their calling with the earnestness that multitudes of men and 
women seem to pursue some ignus fatuus over stage route, 
rail-road and steam-boat route, they would accomplish won¬ 
ders. 
It was a lovely pleasant day that I arrived in this busy city, 
celebrated for its monuments and pretty women. The thriving 
appearance of Baltimore, indicates a thriving state of agricul¬ 
ture in the vicinity. Among the ornaments of the place I can¬ 
not omit to mention the beautiful and romantic resting-place 
for the dead, which I had an opportunity of visiting during a 
ride with Robert Sinclair, Jr., out to the nursery of his father 
at Clairmont, at which place I found improvement strongly de¬ 
veloped. I also found a hearty welcome, and all the “ trim¬ 
mings,” to make my visit interesting. Besides his flourishing 
nursery business, Mr. S. has a very snug cocoonery, which he 
finds quite profitable. Having made free use of lime upon his 
worms this season, he has found them quite healthy. Mr. Sin¬ 
clair, Jr. has in the city one of the most extensive agricultural 
ware-houses, perhaps m the U. S. A large portion of the im¬ 
plements that he sells are manufactured under the same roof 
and in such a manner that he can warrant them good. From 
the polite attention bestowed upon me, a stranger, I am war¬ 
ranted in the conclusion that my agricultural friends who have 
occasion to send orders to this establishment for any kind of 
implements or seeds, will be done by as they would be done 
unto. 
Another of the pleasant days of my life was that in which I 
made the acquaintance of Mr. Sands, the publisher of the Ame¬ 
rican Farmer, the oldest agricultural paper in the Union. To 
him and his lovely family I am indebted for a very pleasant 
visit—such an one as thousands of the friends of agricultural 
improvement of the present day delight to interchange with one 
another. Mr. Sands, although grown up in a city, and I might 
say in a printing office,appears more like a plain unassuming far¬ 
mer than anything else. He is not only an advocate, like near¬ 
ly all the leading agriculturists, of temperance, but is also the 
publisher of a temperance paper. The principle circulation of 
f he Farmer is at the south, and I earnestly hope will long con¬ 
tinue to be commensurate with its and its worthy publisher’s 
worth. 
I also visited Mr. Hussey’s manufactory of his celebrated and 
valuable reaping machine. This machine is beyond doubt a 
very useful implement for the farmer, particularly upon very 
smooth land, such, for instance, as the western prairies. There 
is, however, in the west a new harvesting machine that bids 
fair to do away with machines for reaping. It is a machine 
that actually gathers the grain out of the'heads of the stand¬ 
ing grain, as clean as it can be thrashed by a machine, leaving 
the straw standing.in the field. I had seen the model of the 
machine at Chicago last spring, and most unexpectedly to-day 
I met with my friend Wright, editor of the Chicago Agricultu¬ 
rist, who informs me that the machine has been completed and 
used during the late harvest, and that it operates to perfec¬ 
tion—with three horses, gathering from 10 to 15 acres of wheat 
a day. 
Baltimore also boasts of another lately invented machine, 
that appears to me to be one that will prove of immense advan¬ 
tage to the community. This is “ Page’s Saw Mill.” The saw 
is a circular one, and it may be driven by horse or any other 
power, and is so portable that a mill large enough to saw a log 
two feet through and twelve feet long, with all the apparatus 
can be put into a two horse wagon, and taken into the woods 
and with the assistance of two men, set up and set to work in 
less than two days, and with the power of the two horses. I 
dare not say how much lumber it will cut per day, but think 
that you will be satisfied with a thousand feet, although the 
patentee would not be. In fact, no invention has met my eye 
that seems better calculatd to be useful to the agricultural com¬ 
munity than Page’s portable saw mill. 
Here as elsewhere wherever I go, 1 find an earnest spirit per¬ 
vading all the friends of agricultural improvement, that speaks 
in cheering tones that our cause is in the ascendant. 
To-morrow morning I shall again roll along toward new 
scenes, some of which I hope will prove sufficiently interesting 
to induce me again to communicate with you. Till then, ac¬ 
cept the good wishes of SOLON ROBINSON. 
Hay Riggings— (Fig. 89.) 
Messrs Gaylord Sc Tucker—I have been a reader of the Or 
tivator from its origin. I have found in its columns a gre 
deal to interest and instruct. It has been to me in many thing 
as a light that shineth in a dark place. I have in many thin: 
been enabled to profit by its instructions. I hail it as a we 
come visitor every month. I have often thought of the oblig 
tion that rests alike on all, to contribute something to the g 
neral stock of knowledge, by communicating whatever we mi 
possess on any profitable subject; but hitherto I have not di 
charged my duty in this respect, from the general reason that 
had much rather be taught, than teach ; and particularly fro 
want ot time to prepare an article such as would either intere 
or instruct others. Laying, however, these reasons aside f 
n"' 11 - ffer throu§h your paper, an answer to “ 
for August,% 1 m ) ry relative to “Hay Rigging,” (Cultivate 
. The above drawing is designed to represent a convenient a 
ncle tor hauling hay and grain upon. A, A, under rails 16 fe 
long, 4 by 3 inches square, of strong light timber ; these are 
lie upon the bolsters of the wagon on their narrow edge, so th 
they may have sufficient strength. B, B, B, B, four pieces, 41 
3 inches square, and of length sufficient to extend 3 inches < 
each side past the rim of the wheels; they should be of stroi 
light timber. These pieces are put across on top of the und 
rails, and sunk into them one inch. The first piece in front, 
say 2 inches from the end of the under rails, and the hinder 
piece in like manner. The distance between the front piece and 
second one, 4 feet 10 inches, and between the hinder one and the 
next forward one, 6 feet. _ No difference about the distance be¬ 
tween the two middle pieces. D, D, D, D, are bows inserted 
into the ends of the cross pieces by auger holes bored obliquely 
through the ends of the cross pieces, 2 inches from the ends and 
3 inches apart. These bows rise ovei the wheels and bear up 
the hay or grain oft' them; they should be about 2 inches in 
width and one in thickness. They ought to rise so high over 
the fore wheels as that the rolling of the bolster on sidling 
ground will not bring them down upon the wheels. These bows 
need no other fastening than simply to be slipped into the holes. 
C, C, two pieces 2 inches wide and 1 thick, resting on the ends 
of the two middle cross pieces to bear up the hay or grain in 
the vacancy between the bows. They are fastened on by a 
small auger hole and pin. The cross pieces are fastened to the 
under rails with iron bolts and screws. This renders it easy to 
take the frame apart and store it away when not required for 
use. It will be requisite to couple the wagon longer for this 
frame than for ordinary purposes. This has two advantages; 
it distributes the load equally between the fore and hind part 
of the wagon, and makes it less liable to upset. This frame 
will meet the wishes of A Subscriber. 
On this sort of frame we haul in this country from 20 to 30 
hundred pounds of hay, many miles, over the roughest road, 
when bound on with a good pole along in the middle of the 
load. 
If the foregoing is not worthy a place in your paper, you can 
throw it aside as waste paper, and I shall not trouble you again. 
Knox Co. East-Teivnesee , August 27, 1841. A Reader. 
Flan of a House. 
Front view—(Fig. 90.) 
Messrs. Editors — I send 
you a rough draft of a 
house, 42 feet by 25, one 
and a half stories high, 
which I think is both con¬ 
venient and cheap. As far¬ 
mers do not generally like 
to live up stairs, I think a 
story and a half house 
will suit a great many of 
them; the upper part can 
be finished with two or 
more rooms as best suits 
the proprietors. As Mr. 
W. Reed wished a plain, 
cheap, convenient house, 
End view—(Fig. 91.) tire following plan may 
suit him. The cost of this house, like all others, will vary 
in price according to the country it is built in. It could be 
built in this section of country for about §700. I have contract¬ 
ed to build one of the following size on the ground, but two 
stories high, with a portico in front, for a farm house adjoining 
the village df Titusville, which will cost about ten or eleven 
hundred dollars. The kitchen chimney will start in the cellar 
and there can be a fire-place and oven for washing and baking 
in the cellar if it is required. The plan is original, and if you 
can put it in order for your paper, and think it will benefit any 
of your subscribers, it is at your service. J. R. S. 
Ground plan—(Fig. 92.) 
Fig. 92 is a ground plan of a house, 42 feet by 26. 
A, kitchen, 16 feet by 18. 
B, parlor, 16 feet by 18. 
C, hall, 6 feet wide. 
D, stairs. 
E, E, E, bed rooms, 8 feet by 8 1-2. 
F, buttery. 
G, G, cupboards. 
H, cellar door under hall stairs. J. R. S. 
South West, Pa., July , 1841. 
Letter from Kit Cornhill. 
Misters Gaylord Sc Tucker— Fur a grate while I’ve bin think- 
in to rite yua lettur to let yu kno what a heep ov good yore Pa- 
pur wur dooin fur us aul down in what we cauls the ainshant 
dominyun, but I wus sorter jubus I’de make sich a pore fist on it 
that yu eoodent rede it. And I wus feerd too that yude laf at 
me, as I’me mity skant ov book larnin, which iz yet misrebel 
scace amung us—mo is the pitty—tho I’me glad to tel yu its git- 
tin a leetel bettur here ov late—But tuthur da, thinks I to mi- 
self, fante hart never wun fare ladee—so I’de tri—By way ov 
beginin I mus tel yu that befo we tuck to reedin yore I’apur we 
aul thort that book fokes like yu knode nuthin bout pracktekel 
mattur, but now weve larnt that yu knose a site mo than we 
duz, and so we ar gittin a sort ov a noshun that reedin yore Pa- 
pur at spar times iz grate deel bettur than idelin about at stores 
and grog-traps, or guzlin licker at home and then sleepin mo 
than natur nedes. Anuthur good thing iz that reedin yore Pa- 
pur puts us on reedin uthur things bout our biznis. Sc this givs 
us sum hed wurk to doo ov which we dun mity littel befo, Sc 
now we Andes our hand wurk gose on aul the bettur & mo kno- 
inly fur it. Evry now & then we setts sum on our boys or gals 
thats bin to skule to reedin ov nites to us Sc thcr raammys, God 
bless em, & this makes us aulluve home Sc wun anuther a vast 
site bettur than when thar wuz no reedin amung us, & nothin 
but mopein & yawnin & dozein, & ma be quorrelin arter our 
daze wurk was dun, or when it raned or snode too hard fur ot 
ov dores wurk, oh, yuve no noshun how kumfurtibel time pases* 
when we pore labrin fokes begins to git a leetel insite into the 
pleshur and proffit ov reedin good books—its liker meet & drink 
to a haf starvin man than enny thing else. But yu who always 
knode how to reed cant undurstand this—I wish yu coud, fur 
I’me shore tvvood doo yore harts good to think that yore Papur 
had‘helpt to bring so menny on us to sich a good condisliun. 
Wunee evry munth it cams shore enuf to aul on us who takes 
it, Sc we goze to our postofficis, purtickler sich as luvs play bet¬ 
tur than wurk, as too menny on us duz to tel yu the truthe ov it, 
Sc speshelly bout leeshinneerin times, when sum gits mity drou- 
thee Sc nose that them that wants ther votes wil be pushin about 
ther licker, purtendin aul the time they ar treatin us fur pure 
luv Sc frendship sake Sc not fur bribry Sc korrupshun, oh, no— 
not fur the wurld wood thay doo sich a skandalus thing—But 
we nose better, Sc so we winks at wun anuthur & swollers ther 
grog aul the same as tho we bleevd em. Then when yore Pa¬ 
pur cums—arter a drink or so—we gits our postmaster or sum 
ov our kandidits or slangwhangers, who ken make shift to reed 
without spellin, to reed it to us—Then we that scribes fur it 
takes it home Sc sliose to our children thats jest beginin to tauk 
yore mazin fine picturs ov hosses, kows, shepe Sc hogs, & twood 
make yu most split yore sides lafin to see how the littel things 
star Sc cro at em. But to be shore we has mity ofen to caul 
over the names on em Sc pints with our fingurs, speshelly at the 
hogs, befo the littel fellors seem to kno em, fur if the truthe 
mus be teld yore pictur hogs is no mo like our sharp nosd—long 
legid—slab sidid grunturs than chauks like chese—May be tis 
onely them sort ov critters that sum fokes that rites to yu sez 
wil git fat as mud eetin nuthin in the wurld but appels Sc rutes 
& sich truck—Now if this be so, I wish frum my hart we cood 
git sum ov em here, fur weve ofen did our best to fattin ourn 
with them sort ov things, but devil a bit ov fat cood we make 
gro on ther ribs enny mo than we cood on a hen’s forid—With- 
out we givs em a nashun site of Ingin corn its a gaun case with 
us fur poke fit to make baken. As fur yore kow picturs thars 
pruty much the same puzel to make our littel wuns kno them, 
Sc we shude 1 have a mity pore chance to doo it at aul if it wuz- 
ent fur the homes—fur our pore, dizmal, rickitty critters kom- 
munly looks much liker skilletens than rale kows—speshelly 
bout March Sc April when they goze stagrin along in a krank 
sided sort ov way like so menny drunken men, Sc thar oners 
purtendin aul the time tis the holler haun instid ov the holler 
belly that makes em lap thar legs over frum side to side jest 
by way ov keepin them frum fallin doun flat, I sposebecaze ther 
heds swime, pore things—And yit if yule bleeve me Misters, yu 
may ofen heer these same kow starvin gents bragin to wun anu¬ 
thur about ther methuds & ther sistims as thay cauls therdoo- 
ins—jest as if thay knode aul about farmin.& them sort of 
things—I’me not jokin wun bit gentelmen—but its enuf to make 
a dog laf—that it is—to lissen to em Sc see how knoin they looks 
in wun anuthurs faces—who but they so mity wize Sc up io 
teechin aul uthur fokes how to be farmers—its good as gwine 
to a play actin to se Sc heer em at sich sort ov tauk. 
When I wuz ritin bout hogs thar wuz wun thing I furgot to 
menshun, which wuz that in reedin ov these nu fashun critturs 
that yore friends prase so much & insis that thay wil git rite 
fat on appels, rutes Sc sich sort ov stuf without evn a bit ov 
enny kind ov grane—sum on us eoodent help suspishunin that 
sich norashuns cum mity nere what the salurs cauls long yarns 
Sc we cauls strechers—not that I myself is aultogethur wun of 
these suspishuners, bein satisfide that if wele bleeve nuthin 
that we duzent se Sc kno, wele have but a slim chance to doo 
wel ithur in this wurld or the nex—But betwene ourselves, I 
mus say that when enny fokes rite to yu what they never kno, 
is mity hard fur us clodhoppurs to undurstand Sc think tru, it 
wood always be a heep bettur to sine ther own proppur names, 
Sc ad the names ov sum witnisis too if thay cood git enny—I’ve 
jest sed that I wuzent aultogethur wun ov these suspishuners, 
but I red wun thing tuthur day that stagerd me mazinly—It tvuz 
that sum fokes—I furgit ther names—in Kanetuck did make las 
yeer 200 bushels ov corn frum ounly wun aker ov lan—Now, 
when I fust red this I wuz dumfoundid fur sum time. How- 
sumdever, arter a while I gits out ov this fix, Sc I axis a frend 
that knos aul about rethmetic matturs to kalkilate how much 
corn this wood be to the square yarde—So he sums ups Sc tels 
me, moste 9 jils—Prodijus says I, Sc evn so sez he, fur we downe 
Okie Fejinne thinks we ar takin the rag off the bush if we ken 
squese out as menny as 3 jils, Sc evn then we is moste afeerd to 
tel rt without witnisis—Stil I’ve heern say that nuthins onpos- 
sibil but fur a man to bite his own noze off, Sc tharfoor I’me not 
suar but 200 bushils Sc evn mo corn mite be made frum wun 
aker—but it sliutes so fur e hed ov enny on us heerabouts that 
to make it jinrelly knowne in these parts yit a while, wood put 
us aul mizribly down in the mouth with our own littel crops. 
And wusser yit, we shood be so out ov hart nex corn plantin 
time, that we cood have no sich good stummack to our wurk as 
we mout have if we hadent heern of this grate Kanetuck crop, 
that beats aul natur. And now gopd Misturs Gaylord & Tucker 
it yu wil exkuze bad ritin Sc a grate site wus spelin, I’le bid yu 
both farwel, beln yore rale but stranjur frend, 
Old Feginne, May 12, 1841. KIT CORNHILL. 
Relief of Choked Cattle. 
Messrs. Editors— Believing the fact is not generally under¬ 
stood, that ruta bagas seldom need cutting or slicing, I would 
state that for three years past, I have in no case cut them for 
any thing having good teeth. Sheep eat them decidedly better 
when fed whole, and cattle never choke on them. When I prac¬ 
ticed cutting, scores of cattle were sometimes choked in a sea¬ 
son ; and here permit me to remark, that when such an accident 
occurs, I use a flexible rod about four feet long, three-fourths 
ot an inch in diameter; wind a wad of tow, the size of a hen’s 
egg, around the butt end; tie a rag tightly over it,grease it and 
push gently down the throat. To keep the mouth open take a 
P*? ce v . , wo °d, one foot long, four inches wide, one inch 
thick, bring the ends to a point, bore a hole one and a half inch¬ 
es diameter through the center, push through the mouth, turn 
on the edge and pass the rod through the hole. I have never 
tailed in any instance in thus giving effectual and permanent 
relief. With such an apparatus on hand, five minutes is suffi- 
cient to relieve the worst cases. Respectfully yours, 
Whalen’s Store, Nov. 15, 1841. SETH WHALEN 
Messrs. Gaylord Sc Tucker— I avail myself of the privilege 
wnich is so freely accorded to the agricultural community, to 
address an inquiry with regard to the Canadian breed of horses. 
1 nave seen Mr. George Barnard’s seemingly undeniable proofs 
of their agency in producing the Morgan breed, which are al¬ 
most unparalleled for endurance and speed. Cult. vol. 8, No. 
10. What 1 wish to know is, lvhetlier a cross with one of them 
on the large Pennsylvania mares would not produce exactly the 
animal required, getting endurance, speed, style and action 
trom the sire, and size, weight and strength from the dam, and 
also being free from that fault of the blood horse, which is tech¬ 
nically termed having too much day-light under him. The in¬ 
troduction of the Arabian is the making of the race-horse and 
why not the Canadian our work-horse ’ ’ 
I have proposed only one cross; I hope, however, persons 
practically experienced will communicate what they know, not 
only about this, but any other cross in which they may have 
been tried. These remarks are respectfully submitted to my 
tellow-subscnbers in the hope of eliciting something on this im¬ 
portant subject. WILLIAM R. OLDEN. 
Rodman , Bucks co.) Pa., $ov . 12, 1841. 
