4 * 
56 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
■C* 
BARNABY & MOOER'S PATENT SIDE-HILL AND LEVEL LAND PLOW, 
to the depth of at least two feet, as the roots, like those 
of most other perennial plants, run deep; and on the 
richness and good condition of the soil, the size and 
quality of the shoots will mainly depend. It may be 
cultivated either by roots transplanted or by seed; and 
in either case, when properly performed in the early 
spring, success may be considered as certain. A few 
potatoes may be planted in March, and early varieties 
should be selected. If the seed end, or that end contain¬ 
ing the greatest number of eyes, is selected for planting, 
the product will come to maturity some ten or twelve 
days earlier than when other parts of the root are used. 
The Lancashire gardeners, who mainly supply the Lon¬ 
don market with potatoes, are very careful* to observe 
this rule. 
iDto-Dork Jilarktft. 
MONTHLY REPORT FOR FEBRUARY, 1842. 
(Prepared for The Cultivator.) 
COTTON—There has been little activity or change in the mar¬ 
ket during the month, and at the last,dates the daily expectation 
of advices from Liverpool, rendered it very quiet—both buyer 
and seller being disposed to wait for their reception. The sales 
from the 22d of January to the 23d of February, amounted to 
19,850 bales. The total imports' from the 1st to 22d of the 
month was 16,003; and the expoits from the 1st to the 16th, 
was 8,759 bales. The receipts up to the 16th were about 100,- 
000 bales more than during the same period year before last, 
which was the greatest Cotton year before known. The quota¬ 
tions are as follows : 
February 1st. February 23d. 
New Orleans, — 7 1-2 @ 11 .6 3-4 @ 11 
Mobile,. 7 1-4 @ 10 1-2. 6 3-4 10 1-2 
Upland and Florida, 7 (d, 9 1-4 . 6 (eg 9 1-2 
FLOUR AND MEAL—Most of the articles coming under this 
head have been characterized by an excessive dulness. In the 
firs; part of the month, there was a tendency to advance, but 
of late there has been a disposition on the part of holders 
to submit to a decline of 12 1-2 cts U barrel, and prices 
now are about the same as at the close of January. The sup¬ 
ply is moderately large. The quotations on the 23d were 
as follows:—Michigan $6; Ohio $6 (tv 6 12 1-2; Baltimore How- 
ard-street, $'6 Cw, 6 12 1-2; Richmond City Mills $'7 50. Rye 
Flour $'4 12 1-2 @ 4 2s; Jersey Corn Meal $3 @ 3 25; Bran¬ 
dywine in bbls. about the same, in hhds. $14 50 (tv, 15. This is 
an advance of about 12 1-2 et3. on the prices of last month. 
Rye Flour is plenty, and in moderate request. Corn Meal 
scarce and w.Kited. 
GRAIN—At the first and middle of the month, there was con¬ 
siderable activity in every desciiption, but more particularly in 
wheat. Of late, however, a greater degree of dullness lias pre¬ 
vailed, and prices are nearly the same as at first of the month. 
Wheat is scarce and in demand, at $1 24 @ 1 25 sge bus. for 
Ohio and Genesee, and $1 20 for Southern. Rye, little in mar¬ 
ket, Norihern is quoted at 72 @ 73 bu.. Barley, 74 1-2 cts. 
and nothing doing. Oats, Northern 50 @ 53; Southern, 45 @ 47 
ctsqp*bu.; the demand being confined to the Tetail trade, and 
receipts light. Corn comes forward very slowly, The demand 
for distilling is light, and export has subsided. On the 2d of 
the month, 4000 bus. N. river Rye were shipped to England on 
experiment. Northern and Jersey Corn is worth 61 (gJ, 62 cts.; 
Southern 53 @ 59. 
PROVISIONS—The transactions in all descriptions are ex¬ 
tremely limited, and the market is dull and heavy. There is a 
large stock on hand, especially of Pork, of which there has 
been large receipts from New-Orlcans. Since the first of the 
month prices have gradually declined, and on the 23d the quo¬ 
tations were as follows :—Beef, 7 50 («■ 6 25 for mess, and prime 
at $4 25 @ 4 75; Por. §7 12 1-2 (tij, 9; and prime $5 26 @ 7 25. 
Lardjis in fair demand at 4 a 6 1-2 lb. In Butler there is 
but little doing and prices are 18 cts. for prime ; ordinary to 
good 12 @ 14 ets. The stock of Cheese is light, and prices are 
7 @ 8 1-2 cts. V lb. Smoked Hams, plenty at 8 1.2 @ 8 3-4 cts. 
qp lb. Smoked Beef 7 1-2 % S cts. 
TOBACCO—During the month there has been, little inquiry 
for any description, and parcels forced on the market sold at 
very low prices. The new crop is dull of’ sale, and being gene¬ 
rally cured unusually early is of inferior quality, quite below 
the average. Prices are but nominal, at tiie same rates as at 
the close of the month, with two or three exceptions, viz : 
Richmond and Petersburgh, 3 % 5 1-2. North Carolina, 3 @ 5; 
Kentucky, 3 1-2 @ 9 1-2; St. Domingo, 11 1-2 (tf 20c. In other de¬ 
scriptions prices remain without change, viz:—Culm, 12 1-2 (g, 
20 c.; Manufactured, No. 1, 12 @ 15 c.; No. 2, 10 (gj, 11 c.. No. 3, 
7 @ 1G c., 32 lumps, 1C @ 20 c.; Ladies Twist, 16 @ 20 c.; 
Cavendish, 10 @ 40 c. 
T O which was awarded the first premium, a silver Cup , by 
the American Institute at their plowing match for 1840, 
having on that occasion to compete with the best plows from 
nine different states. 
Also, the first premium, a Gold Medal, by the same Institute, 
at their annual plowing match for 1841; having some of the 
best common or horizontal plows in the country as competitors 
for the prize medal. 
It was also awarded the Honorary premium, and equal to the 
first of $30, by the New-York State Agricultural Society, at 
their annual Fair and test of plows at Syracuse for 1841. 
The State Committee on plows, say in their report, “ they 
have a most arduous duty to perform. Near twenty of them 
(plows,) were presented for our inspection, and the Committee 
are free to say, that they never have seem so great a number of 
remarkably excellent plows together before.” 
The undersigned having been for the fourteen years past con¬ 
nected with a furnace and machine shop, and being a practical 
mechanic, has devoted much of his time during that period to 
the improvement of the Plow, believing it was, and still is, one 
of the most important implements used in agriculture. In the 
spring of 1839, in connection with Mr. Ambrose Barnaby, we 
conceived the plan of making a plow which would serve for 
“ general purposes,” and relieve the farmer from the inconve¬ 
nience and expense of having one plow for level land, and 
another for side-hill. 
Subsequently, 1 purchased of Mr. Barnaby one-fourth of the 
patent, which made me proprietor of three-fourths of the whole; 
since that time, which is about eighteen months, until recently, 
I have intentionally confined it to narrow limits, knowing al¬ 
though the main or new principle, had been obtained, it still 
would require time, actual use, and continued experiments in 
plowing in various kinds of soil, and under different circum¬ 
stances, to attain and combine the three most important points 
requisite to make a good plow, viz. 1st. Lightness of draft. 2d. 
Elegance of work done. 3d. Strength and durability. In this I 
have been assisted by a dynamometer, to ascertain the exact 
power required to draw the plow; and having appropriated 
considerable time for the express purpose of experimenting 
and testing plows, with Some of the best plowmen and scienti¬ 
fic farmers in this section of country, and several suggestions 
made by them have been useful to me. The above testimonials 
(and many others might be added,) and the honorable source 
from whence obtained, show how far I have succeeded in the 
object sought. 
The cut above is a very good representation of the plow in 
its present form, showing the whole of one side and a portion 
of the mold-board on the opposite side. Both sides of the plow 
arc precisely alike. The standard by which the plow is drawn, 
is a continuation up of one of the mold-boards, and is round, 
allowing the beam to revolve between the handles, and on the 
opposite side of the same, is projecting from the standard, and 
cast fast to it a flange, or short land side, to which the other 
mold-board is firmly bolted, and the points of the mold-hoard 
coming together, the share which is in the shape of a V covers 
them, Kid by one holt and nut on each side is made fast to the 
same. This arrangement gives the plow great strength forward, 
and where it is most required. The mold-board which is cast 
with the standard, forms the cutting edge, and when a coulter 
is not used, and as can be seen from the engraving of the plow, 
that part which is most liable to wear out, is a piece inserted 
and held on by the share, which when worn can be replaced by 
a new one at a very trifling expense. 
The curvature of the mold-board is so formed that a straight 
edge or stick applied, placing one end at the point of the share, 
the other extending back, will lay flat to the mold-board at any 
place from the bottom, half way up to the top, or usual depth 
of plowing. This part of the mold-board makes the land side 
when used as such. When the hind end of the beam is near one 
of the handles, it brings it then parallel or in line with the 
share and mold-board on that side, and that Hide is then land- 
side, and the opposite side or mold-board at the same time turns 
over the furrow. In coming round to plow back, the plowmaE 
tpuches with the foot the hold-fast, passing through the soeke 
at the end of the beam, pressing on it in the same manner as 
done on a thumb latch to open a door, which disengages the 
hold-fast from a catch on the back side of the cross-piece be¬ 
tween the handles, the team moving round at the same time 
carries the end of the beam to the opposite handle, where the 
hold-fast by a spring behind it is forced into a catch as on the 
other end of the cross-piece, confining the beam there unti 
removed, as above described. The catches referred to, are 
placed into a groove on the backside of the cross-piece and can 
be moved, the object of which is to make either a wide or nar¬ 
row furrow. To make the furrotvs wider or take more land, the 
catches must be moved towards and nearer the handles; for a 
narrow furrow the opposite direction, or nearer together. In 
this manner the furrows can be made to vary from eight to 
eighteen inches in width. 
The advantages of this kind of plow over any other now in 
use, are several and important. Among then) are, 
1st. The field can lie plowed without going round lands, be¬ 
ginning on one side, turning the furrows all one way, avoiding 
dead furrows arid leaving the ground level and in good condi¬ 
tion, especially for seeding down. 
2d. The arrangement already mentioned, admitting of amuch 
wider or narrower furrow, as the condition of the ground may 
require. 
3d. By placing one ot the catches in a hole made for that 
purpose in the center of the cross-piece, to confine the beam 
there, it is then a “ double mold-board plow," throwing the fur¬ 
rows both ways at the same time, adapting it to the use of 
plowing between rows or drills, making ditches, digging pota¬ 
toes by plowing deep and splitting the rows, and making ridges 
to plant upon by throwing two furrows together. 
4th. If the farmer has side-hill to plow, with one of these he 
is prepared for it at once, and I hazard nothing in saying that 
as yet it has not even a competitor. 
5th. The peculiar construction of the mold-boards which this 
principle admits of, renders it possible to make a plow of light¬ 
er draft, than on any other plan heretofore discovered. Late 
experiments made with the dynamometer and the results pub¬ 
lished, fully sustain mein my opinion. 
I am at the date hereof, the sole proprietor of the patent right 
of the above named plow, for the following states:—New-Hamp- 
shire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, 
Virginia, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, 
Michigan, Tennessee, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Mis¬ 
souri, Arkansas and South Carolina. Of the territories of 
Wiskonsan and Iowa; also of the following counties in the 
state of New-York-.—Broome, Madi-son, Oneida, Herkimer, 
Montgomery, Fulton, Saratoga, Clinton, Washington, Essex, 
Franklin, Warren, Rensselaer, Albany, Schenectady, Schoharie, 
Greene, Sullivan, Orange, Rockland, Dutchess, Columbia, 
Westchester. Delaware, Ulster, New-York, Richmond, Kings, 
Queens and Suffolk. Also the undivided liajf and joint owner 
with Justus Slater, of the counties of St. Lawrence, Jefferson, 
Hamilton, Lewis, Oswego, Cayuga, Cortland, Tioga, Chemung, 
Steuben, Allegany, Livingston, Cattaraugus, Chautauque, Erie, 
Niagara, Orleans, Wayne, Monroe, Genesee, Wyoming and Se¬ 
neca. All of which 1 offer to sell the right of patent, either by 
states or counties, and in all cases if wanted, furnish the pat¬ 
terns for the different sizes, and a sample plow. 
Orders from farmers and others for plows, directed to me at 
Ithaca, Tompkins county, N. Y. will be promptly attended to, 
and plows forwarded subject to charges of trasportation, to any 
of the above named territories, while they shall belong to me. 
The sizes i now make, are, No. 3, weight 70 lbs.—price $10: 
No. 4, weight 80 lbs. $10-60. No. 5, 90 lbs. $11 Coulter if 
wanted, laid with steel, $2. Wheel $1. Extra shares, 50 cents 
and extra shin pieces 12 1-2 cents each. 
February A, 1842. HENRY MOOERS. 
DOWNING’S BOTANIC GARDENS AND NURSE- 
SERIES, NEWBURGH, N. Y. 
rpHIS establishment contains at present one of the largest 
-L collections of Trees and Shrubs to be found in the United 
States: and, from its peculiar position near the Highlands of 
the Hudson, its productions are found to possess a great ad¬ 
vantage in point of hardiness, when transplanted, over those 
raised further south. 
It is constantly the aim of the proprietors to conduct the bu¬ 
siness of the establishment in the most scientific and careful 
manner; and all persons ordering trees or plants, are assured 
that no pains are spared to insure the genuineness of every ar¬ 
ticle sent out. 
Especial attention is paid to Fruit Trees, and a collection is 
offered comprising all the finest Varieties that are worthy of 
cultivation. Also, a great variety of Ornamental Trees, flow¬ 
ering shrubs, herbaceous plants, and a large stock of the most 
beautiful hardy roses, dahlias, Ac. Ac. 
For hedges a large quantity of the Newcastle (N. J.) thorn, 
an American species, better adapted than any other to this cli¬ 
mate, is offered. 
Priced Catalogues will be furnished gratis on application by 
mail, and all orders, post paid, will receive prompt attention. 
Trees and plants will he carefully packed for transportation to 
anv portion of the Union. A. J. DOWNING & CO. 
I Newburgh , N. Y. Feb. 1842. 
' WOBURN PIGS. 
mHE subscriber informs those wanting pigs of this valuable 
1 breed, that he will be prepared to execute orders during 
the months of April and May next, from choice stock and pure 
blood. 
As the demand last fall far exceeded the supply, the adver¬ 
tiser would suggest to those wanting Woburns to order early 
and secure the supply. 
The price is uniformly fifty dollars per pair delivered caged 
in New-York; the money to be paid on delivery when not ac¬ 
companying the order. 
The subscriber can also furnish Berkshire pigs from some of 
the choicest stock selected in New-York state. Price, deliver¬ 
ed as above mentioned, twenty dollars per pair. Orders by 
mail to be directed to Mendham, Morris county, New-Jersey. 
February 21, 1842. CHARLES STARR, Jr. 
DURHAM BULLS. 
OR SALE—Four Durham Eulls, viz : two, two years old ihe 
coming spring, and two, one year old the coming spring. 
Aubur n, Feb. 16, IS42._ J, M. SHERVVOOD. 
GREAT SALE OF BLOODED STOCK. 
H AVING disposed of my farm, I shall sell by public auction 
on Tuesday, 29th of March, at my resilience in Greece, 
adjoining the Erie canal, six miles west of Rochester: 90 Head 
of cattle, 14 Horses, 300 Sheep, 50Hogs, which will embrace all 
my choice Durham, Short Horns; a tine selection of grade ani¬ 
mals, 30 prime Milch Cows, some very superior Horses, both 
as to blood and action, several thorough-bred improved Leices¬ 
ter Bucks, with a fine flock of Ewes in Lamb. Also several 
exelleut Leicester and Berkshire Hogs; 3 superior Stud Horses 
sired by imported Turk. 
A liberal term of credit will be given to purchasers. 
Rochester, Feb. 21, 1842. THOMAS WEDDLE. 
FRUIT & ORNAMENTAL TREES A. SHRUBS, 
GREEN HuUSE'PLANTS, &c. Ac. 
LPHE subscribers are prepared to execute all orders for Fruit 
-I- and Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Green House Plsnts, Bul¬ 
bous Flower Roots, Double Dahlias, and all other articles in 
the the nursery line, on the most moderate terms. 
Persons who are about establishing new nurseries, or who 
wish to act as agents for the sale of any of the above articles, 
will be very liberally dealt with; and all such are requested to 
communicate their intentions to us immediately. 
Where several persons in the same neighborhood are desirous 
of procuring trees, they will do well to have their several orders 
forwarded by one person, to whom a commission of 10 per cent 
will be allowed where the whole order amounts to $50 or up¬ 
wards ; this method will save considerable trouble and expense. 
All who wish trees for planting, the ensuing spring, should 
transmit their orders as early as possible, so that they may be 
forwarded in due season; spring planting should be performed 
a3 soon as the state of the earth and weather will admit. 
It is requested that all orders he accompanied with a remit¬ 
tance or satisfactory reference in Rochester or vicinity. 
Priced Catalogues will he sent gratis to all applicants. Ad¬ 
dress (post paid,) all letters, orders, Ac. to 
ELLWANGER & BARRY. 
Mt. Hope Botanic Garden and Nursery, Rochester, N. Y. 
ISABELLA GRAPE VINES, 
F proper age for forming vineyards, propagated from and 
containing all the good qualities which the most improved 
cultivation for over 10 years has conferred on the vineyards at 
Croton Point, are now offered to the public. Those who may pur¬ 
chase will receive such instructions as will enable them to cul¬ 
tivate the Grape with entire success, [provided their locality is 
not too far north.] All communications, post paid, addressed 
to R. T. UNDERHILL, M. D. 400 Broadway, N. Y. will receive at¬ 
tention. He feels quite confident that he has so far ameliora¬ 
ted the character and habits of the grape vines in his vineyards 
and nurseries, by improved cultivation, pruning. Ac., that they 
will generally ripen well and produce good fruit when planted in 
most of the Northern, all the Western, Middle and Southern 
states. 
IMPROVED YORKSHIRE PIGS. 
J Sc E. A. HARLAND, wish to inform the breeders of hogs 
• that they will have a number of their Improved Yorkshire 
Hogs Toady for shipment at the opening of the navigation. The 
Improved Yorkshires have obtained the best premiums at 
all the public shows where they have been exhibited, and J. Sc 
E. A. II. believe themselves fully warranted in pronouncing 
them equal, if not superior to any other breed of hogs on this 
continent. The price per pair, at the age of two months, is 
$25, free on board steamer at the head of Lake Ontario. 
Guelph, Canada, 1 mo. 19, 1842. 
MULBERRIES FOR SILK, Ac. 
T-yiLLIAM R. PRINCE oilers for sale, at the Linntean Bo- 
> V tunic Garden, 100,000 Mulberies oi the finest kinds for the 
silk culture, which will he sold at low rates, and at a credit 
that will enable the purchaser to pay therefor from the silk pro¬ 
duced. They consist of the New Circassian, Multicaulis, Al¬ 
pine, Moretti, Elata, Broussa, and Expansa varieties. Also, 
the usual immense assortment of Fruit and Ornamental Trees 
and Shrubbery,Green House Plants,Bulbous Roots, and splendid 
Dahlias. The new priced Catalogues will he sent gratis to eve¬ 
ry one who applies post paid. On all orders enclosing cash or 
a good draft, a discount of ten per cent will be made. 
Flushing, near New-Yoik, Feb. 10, 1842. 
FROM THE STEAM PRESS OF C. VAN SENTHUYSEN. 
