58 
THE CULTIVATOR 
Jta-Dork State Agricultitral Botiety. 
MEETING OF THE EX. COMMITTEE. 
At the meeting of the Executive Committee on the 
second Wednesday of March, the Premium List for the 
next Fair was completed, and the committee appointed 
at the previous meeting to select the place for holding 
the Fair, reported that they had. examined the several 
grounds to which their attention had been called, but 
would not be prepared to report definitely until the next 
meeting of the Board, which is to be held at the office 
of the “The Cultivator,” on the Second Wednesday of 
April, at 10 o’clock A. M. A full attendance of the 
members is particularly requested at this meeting. 
ANNUAL EXHIBITION FOR 1842. 
(CONTINUATION OF PREMIUM LIST.) 
ON FLOWERS. 
For the greatest variety and quantity, $5. 
For the second greatest, •• $3 | For the third greatest, •••• $2 
For the best Floral Ornament, $5. 
For the second best,.$3 j For the third best,.$2 
For the best Seedling Dahlia,.$3 
For the second best, .. 2 
For the best twenty-five varieties of Dahlias, $5. 
For tne second best,.$3 | For the third best,.$2 
ON FRUITS. 
For the greatest variety of table Apples, $5. 
For the second greatest, •• $3 ] For the third greatest,-$2 
For the best twelve sorts, not less than three of each, $3. 
For the greatest variety of table Pears, $'3 
For the second greatest,. 2 
For the greatest variety of Winter Pears, $2 
For the best twelve Quinces, . 2 
For the best twelve Peaches, . 2 
For the best twenty-four Plums, . 2 
For the best six bunches of Native Grapes, 2 
For the best six bunches of Foreign Grapes, 2 
ON VEGETABLES. 
For the 6 best stalks Celery, $2 
3 best heads Cauliflower, • ■ 2 
3 best heads Broccoli,. 2 
12 best white table Turneps, 1 
For the 12 best Carrots, ••• • 1 
For the 12 best table Beets, 1 
For the 12 best Parsneps, •• 1 
For the 12 best Onions,•••• 1 
3 best heads of Cabbage, - •• 1 
For the 12 best Tomatoes,- 1 
2 best purple Egg Plants, •• 
Best half peck Lima beans, 1 
Best half peck Windsor do. 1 
Best bunch double Parsley, 1 
For the 3 best Squashes, • • • 1 
For the largest Pumpkin, •• 1 
12 best ears seed Corn, •••• 1 
Best peck table Potatoes, 2 
For the second best half) , 
peck table Potatoes,\ 
Discretionary premiums will be awarded on choice garden 
products, not enumerated above. 
DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES. 
Best pair woolen Blankets, $5 
Best 10 yards of Flannel, •• 5 
Best 12 yds. | woolen Cloth, 5 
Best 15 yards wool Carpet, 5 
Best double carpet Coverlid, 5 
For the best 10 yards Linen, 5 
Best 12 yards linen Diaper, 5 
For the best hearth Rug, •• 3 
For the best 12 yards Kersey, $3 
Best 15 yards rag Carpet, • • 3 
Best 15 yards tow Cloth, •• 3 
For the best men’s and ) „ 
boys’cloth Caps,2 each, $ 
Best pound sewing Thread, 2 
Best pair knit Stockings, •• 1 
Best pair wove Stockings,- 1 
HORTICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, &c. 
For the best assortment of Horticultural Implements,.$10 
For the second best, . 5 
For the best cast iron Vase,. 5 
For the best metal Fountain to stand uninjured through the 
winter,. 10 
TO ARTISTS. 
For the best Design of Diploma for the New-York State Agri¬ 
cultural Society —A Gold Medal. 
For the best Plan of Farm House, Barn and necessary out 
buildings —A Gold Medal. 
For the best specimen of Floral Painting —A Silver Medal. 
The Designs for a Diploma must be forwarded to 
Luther Tucker, Rec. Sec’y, Albany, by the 1st of 
July, 1842. The other Designs on or before the 1st of 
January, 1843. 
NEW-YORK COUNTY AG. SOCIETIES. 
Cayuga.— The winter meeting of this Society was 
held in Auburn, on the 1st of Feb. at which time one 
of the most valuable Addresses which such meetings 
have called out, was delivered by David Thomas of 
Aurora. We should be glad to give the ivhole of this 
Address, but must content ourselves with the following 
extract on Tillage: 
« The celebrated Tull, observing the extraordinary 
effects of high culture, concluded that plants fed on mel¬ 
low earth, and Duhamel adopted the same notion. Their 
philosophy was coarse, but their practice was fine. If we 
were to follow their example, making plenty of fine 
earth for the plants—not to feed on, but to drink, from., our 
erops might be greatly increased. One of the chief er¬ 
rors of our husbandry is to cultivate too much land, be¬ 
cause it is only half done. Half the quantity with dou¬ 
ble the work on it, and double crops would he found 
more profitable. 
“I have long believed, however, that no part of the 
system required reformation more than our management 
of manures. Manure has been called the wealth of the 
farmer. When it is taken out in the spring, it is com¬ 
monly scattered over the ground in large lumps: the 
plow comes along and covers them or not, as the case 
may be. If covered, they intercept the ascent of the 
moisture from below, especially in dry seasons. If not 
covered, they lie wasting on the ground—of very little 
value. Indeed some exeellent farmers have satisfied 
themselves that strawy manure is unprofitable for sum¬ 
mer crops. 
“ I am far from holding that opinion, however. The 
erorr consists in not applying it to the soil in the best 
manner. In the spring of 1840, I had no ground for 
field beets, hut a small lot where corn had grown for 
two years in succession. It was unfit for such a crop 
without manure, and I had only fresh manure from the 
stable, which has long been considered most unfavorable 
to the beet. My necessity, however, prevailed against 
opinion, and I took the responsibility. From each line 
where the beets were to grow, two furrows were turned 
so as to leave a wide dead furrow. Into this the manure 
was thrown from the wagon, each fork full touching the 
one just behind it, till the row was completed. It was 
well covered by turning two furrows together over it, 
which held it down while the harrow was passing four 
times in succession, breaking, pulverizing, and mixing 
it intimately with the soil. Again two furrows were 
turned together over the row, and the harrow passed 
twice more—in all six times. By this process the ground 
was reduced to a fine tilth; and if there were any better 
beets in the county, I did not see them. 
“ To me, it was a most instructive experiment. I 
have often seen manure applied to corn fields, but never 
in any case where it was so completely incorporated with 
fine earth. Even in the driest part of that season, the 
ground was always moist and mellow. 
“ I am satisfied that we have been too saving of our 
harrows. Thirty years ago, there was a method of plow¬ 
ing in this country called ‘ cut and cover.’ It was 
plowing, not to the shares, hut the halves —the furrow 
slice covering the space where a furrow ought to have 
been. I am apprehensive that our ideas of harrowing 
were learned in the same school. When grain is sowed 
is it not the prevailing opinion that it is harrowed enough 
when the seed is covered ? I had a narrow land harrow¬ 
ed sixteen times in one day, and was satisfied that the 
labor was well applied. 
“ For beets, or corn, or potatoes, what would he the 
effect of plowing in a heavy dressing ot stable manure, 
harrowing twice, and repeating the operations of the 
plowing and harrowing four times more, adding each 
time to the depth of the soil? I have not yet performed 
the experiment, but the nearer I have approached it the 
finer has been the crop. Thorough culture would seem 
to require that every little lump should be broken, so 
that the roots could wander freely in every direction, and 
that every drop of a summer shower, should be caught 
and retained for future use. Hard land and thin soils 
have some resemblance to a dish bottom upwards.” 
Seneca _We have received a neat pamphlet of some 
20 pages, containing the Constitution, By-Laws and Pro¬ 
ceedings of this society for the year 1841, including the 
Addresses of G. V. Sacket and A. B. Dunlap, Esqs., at 
their fair in October last. The officers for this year, are 
—G. Y. Sacket, Seneca Falls, Pres’t—N. W. Folwell, 
Lodi; T. Boardman, Covert; Wm. R. Schuyler, Ovid; 
John D. Coe, Romulus; J. Y. Manning, Varick; John 
Johnston, Fayette; Joel W. Bacon, Waterloo; M. W. 
West, Junius; Jason Smith, Tyre; and Jacob Kishler, 
Seneca Falls, Y. Pres’ts—A. B. Dunlap, Ovid, Rec., and 
Samuel Williams, Waterloo, Cor. Sec’ys—Jas. Steven¬ 
son, Jr., Waterloo, Treas. 
We are much gratified with the spirit which our friends 
in Seneca have manifested in support of their Ag. Socie¬ 
ty. That they have met with the success which must 
ever attend such efforts, will be seen from the following 
extract of a letter from a friend in that county: 
“We have worthily done up the duties of our agri¬ 
cultural society for the last year, and will improve upon 
it, this. We passed resolutions at our organization to di¬ 
vide $300 in premiums; we did so, and after publishing 
our pamphlet, [a copy of which is to be placed in the 
hands of every farmer in the county,] we have, through 
the liberality of our farmers, over $100 in the hands of 
our treasurer for next year’s operations. We held our 
meeting last week to arrange for next year, and have 
agreed to divide $500 in premiums. We think this 
looks well for the little county of Seneca.” 
The Addresses of Messrs. Sacket and Dunlap, from 
which, did our limits permit, we should be glad to make 
liberal extracts, are well calculated to awaken an in¬ 
creased interest in the affairs of the society; and we 
think they have acted wisely in placing a copy of their 
pamphlet in the hands of all their farmers. That of Mr. 
Sacket gave a very interesting sketch of the early his¬ 
tory and statistics of the county; while that of Mr. Dun¬ 
lap treats of the “ Nobility of Agriculture, and the means 
by which it can be elevated.” 
Oneida.— The annual meeting was held at Whites- 
town in Feb. last, when the following officers were ap¬ 
pointedPomeroy Jones, Westmoreland, Pres't—Dr. 
T. Goodsell, Utica; Harvey Bradley, Whitestown; Geo. 
L. Brigham, Augusta; Lewis Eames, Lee; Dr. S. Case, 
Vernon; Jno. Townsend, Westmoreland; Henry Rhoades, 
Trenton; Chauncey Fuller, Paris; A. T. Tyler, Flo¬ 
rence; Col. B. P. Johnson, Rome, V. Pres’ts—Eton 
Comstock, Lee, Cor., and R. S. Doty, Rome, Rec. Sec’y’s 
—J. E. Southworth, Vernon, Treasurer. It was resolv¬ 
ed to raise one thousand dollars the present year, aside 
from the grant of the state, to be paid in premiums at 
the next fair, which is to be held at Rome, Oct. 12 and 13. 
Monroe. —The annual meeting was held at Roches¬ 
ter, Feb. 19, when the following officers were elect¬ 
ed_Henry Colman, Prest.—Wm. Garbutt, Wheatland; 
L. B. Langworthy, Greece, and Wm. C. Cornell, Henri¬ 
etta, V. Prests—H. M. Ward, Cor. and M. B. Bateham, 
Rec. Sec’y, Rochester. A Board of Managers and Town 
Committees were also appointed, and the following re¬ 
solution adopted: 
“ Resolved, That measures he taken by this Society for 
establishing an Agricultural Museum in the city of Ro¬ 
chester, and that a committee of five be appointed to 
make inquiry respecting a room for the purpose, and to 
send a petition to the Governor and Legislature for a set 
of the specimens of Natural History collected by the Ge¬ 
ological Surveyors, and to report at the next meeting of 
this society.” 
Delaware.— We have received from the President of 
this Society, Samuel A. Law, Esq., the Address deliver¬ 
ed by him at the meeting of this Society in January last. 
It is a timely and spirited appeal to the farmers of that 
county, and his arguments are so applicable to those in 
many other sections of the state, that we should be pleas¬ 
ed to transfer the Address entire to our columns. We 
have room, however, only for one extract. After a 
glance at the condition of Agriculture in the county, and 
the necessity of entering upon the work of improvement 
at once, Mr. Law proceeds: 
“Your densest, darkest forests are capable of being 
converted into exuberant meadows and pastures. And 
where now owls hoot and wolves howl, may anon be 
heard the shepherd’s pipe, and the milk maid’s song. 
“ And, come faster or slower,—this advanced state of 
improvement will surely come. 
“With us, with you, with the present inhabitants, the 
risen and rising generation, it rests, and, peradventure, in 
an eminent degree, with this Society it may rest, to hasten 
the arrival of this advanced state of improvement. 
“Up and be doing aright—and every one may help; 
every man, woman and child. None so great, none so 
small, if up and wide awake and doing aright, but may 
help. 
“ The humblest farmer who can make two spears of 
grass grow where but one grew before, can double his crop. 
He is a giant. Let his shoulder but touch the wheel and 
it goes. Every man who can make and introduce an im¬ 
provement; seta beneficial example and induce others 
to follow it; who can economically raise a better crop; 
who can most improve his stock, horses, cattle, sheep, 
hogs and what not—and most cheaply breed, and raise 
the most and best of any or all; he and they, all can help. 
Every one, young and old, rich and poor, can help im¬ 
prove and enrich his country, his county, his town, and 
(what is last, though not least, with many a one,) him¬ 
self.” * * * 
“ But,—digression apart,—what can this Agricultural 
Society do? Much every way,—if they but persist and 
persevere. 
“I have told you what individual energy may do. I 
add, that combined energy may do much more. 
“ Proceed then and persevere and prosper. As may 
well become an Agricultural Society, in every way prac¬ 
ticable encourage improvements in farming. Diffuse in¬ 
formation. Awaken attention. Proffer, and where well 
deserved, award premiums. Seek and find, and recom¬ 
mend the most economical and best modes of tilling 
lands; same as to manuring lands; ascertain and recom¬ 
mend the preferable kinds of crops; eneourage the in¬ 
troduction and breeding of improved stock of all kinds; 
commence the draining of over wet lands. The produce 
of many portions of our farms may be doubled by drain¬ 
ing. Set examples of irrigation. On thousands of pie¬ 
ces, every where scattered, the produce may be four 
folded by irrigation. Consider well, and especially en¬ 
courage leading and staple commodities. Butter, obvi¬ 
ously, should he our grand staple. Wool, or perhaps 
more probably, the raising of stock, may stand as se¬ 
cond.” 
Rensselaer. —At the annual meeting held in Troy, in 
Feb. last, after an Address by D. L. Seymour, Esq., of¬ 
ficers were chosen, as follows:—Joseph Hastings, of 
Brunswick, Pres’t—Joseph Coons, George T. Dennist .n, 
Z. P. Burdick, Isaac Akin, J. A. Fonda, Samuel W. 
Hoag, Henry Hull, Clark Baker, Wm. Van Vechten, 
James II. Jones, Jacob A. Ten Eyck, Henry W. Koon, 
Daniel H. Gardner, Richard P. Hart, Henry Burden, V. 
Pres'ts—Giles B. Kellogg, Sec'y—James M. Stevenson, 
Treas.—George Vail, W. P. Van Rensselaer, Martin 
Springer, Alexander Walsh, Henry D. Grove, Wm. A. 
McCulloch, David L. Seymour, A. D. Spoor, Samuel S. 
Fowler, Matthias P. Coons, Ex. Committee. Their 
fair for 1842, for which a liberal Premium List has been 
made out, is to be held at Lansinghurgh on the first week 
in October. 
Ontario.—W e have received the List of Premiums 
to be awarded by this Society at its next Fair, which is 
to be held at Canandaigua, on the 12th and 13th days of 
Oct. next. It embraces a great variety, the prizes 
amounting to 164 in all. 
Wayne.— Officers for 1842:—Samuel E. Hudson, Pal¬ 
myra, Prest.—E. T. Aldrich and J. A. Miller, Arcadia; 
Cullen Foster, Lyons; Wm. Walmsley, Rose; John Ba¬ 
ker, Macedon; John Borradaile, Williamson, and Wm. 
Swales, Sodus, V. Prests.—Cyrus S. Button, A. Fairchild, 
T. Ileminway, A. L. Beaumont, and P. G. Price, Ex. 
Com.—D. M. Keeler, Rec. and Stephen Culver, Cor. 
Sec’y_Jo«. A. Miller, Treas. 
Tompkins. —Officers for 1842:—Nicol Halsey, Ulys¬ 
ses, Pres’t—Nathan Benson, Groton; William Carman, 
Hector; Luther Gere, Ithaca; Joshua North, Lansing; 
H. Nurse, Danby; Henry R. Morrell, Caroline; George 
Jones, Newfield; Warren Phelps, Enfield; Robert C. 
Ellis, Dryden, Y. Pres’ts—Nathan T. Williams, Treas.— 
Lewis A. Morrell, Lansing, Cor., and George P. Frost, 
Ithaca, Rec. Sec’y. 
Steuben. —At the last annual meeting, the following 
officers were appointed for 1842:—Lazarus Hammond, 
Pres’t—Otto F. Marshall, Israel R. Wood, and Lyman 
Balcom, V. Pres’ts—Ziba A. Leland, Cor., and Theron 
Loomis, Rec. Seo’ys—Henry Brother, Treasurer 
