104 
THE CULTIVATOR 
which they are liable to be attacked late in autumn and 
early in the winter. When attacked with this, they ap¬ 
pear stupid, stand by themselves with no inclination to 
move about, refuse all food, and if not attended to in two 
or three days they die. On discovering these symptoms, 
they should be immediately caught, and with a knife or 
the thumb nail, this scale may be caught on the lower 
side of the tongue and peeled off, when they will imme¬ 
diately recover. 
Keeping Eggs— Having tried many ways of preserv¬ 
ing eggs, I have found the following to be the easiest, 
cheapest, surest and best. Take your crock, keg or bar¬ 
rel, according to the quantity you have, cover the bot¬ 
tom with half an inch of' fine salt, and set your eggs in 
it close together on the small end ; be very particular to 
put the small end down, for if put in any other position 
they will not keep as well and the yolk will adhere to 
the shell; sprinkle them over with salt so as to fill the 
interstices, and then put in another layer of eggs and co¬ 
yer with salt, and so on till your vessel is filled. Cover 
it over tight and put it where it will not freeze, and the 
eggs will keep perfectly fresh and good any desirable 
length of time. My family have kept them in this man¬ 
ner three years, and found them all as good as when laid 
down. I believe we have never had a bad egg since we 
commenced preserving them in this manner. The trou¬ 
ble is comparatively nothing, for when we have a dozen 
or so more than we wish to use, we put them in the cask 
and sprinkle them over with salt; and when at any fu¬ 
ture time we wish to take them out, they are accessible 
and the salt is uninjured. But mark! the eggs should be 
put down before they become stale, say within a week 
or ten days after they are laid. 
Every man by this process may have eggs as plenty in 
winter as in summer; and farmers who make a business 
of selling their eggs, may easily calculate the profits of 
preserving them in summer and selling them in winter. 
Eggs where I live, sell frequently in summer at eight 
cents, and in winter as high as thirty-seven and a half 
cents per dozen. In view of these various considera¬ 
tions, it must be evident that no investment that a farmer 
can make, will yield so great a profit as a few dollars in 
domestic fowls. They will cost, probably in no case, 
more than fifty cents each per year for their food; the 
trouble of taking care of them is fully counterbalanced 
ay the pleasure they give; and they will, or may be made 
to, produce each on an average from 200 to 250 eggs, be¬ 
sides an occasional brood of chickens. 
The theory of your correspondent B., in your March 
No., respecting animal food being necessary to the pro¬ 
duction of eggs, does not correspond with my observa¬ 
tion of facts. I have for years been obliged to shut up 
my fowls during most of the summer, where they could 
neither get insects nor any kind of animal food, and yet 
they continued to lay as much as any I have ever known 
that run at large. 
The banishment of cocks too, which he recommends, 
I have tried, and abandoned it as unnatural and worse 
than useless; for with a good attendance of the male, 
say one to six in summer and one to four or five in win¬ 
ter, I have always found the hens to be the most profi¬ 
table. H. A. P. 
Buffalo, March, 1842. 
STEAMING BREAD. 
Messrs. Gaylord & Tucker—I see that you devote 
a part of your valuable paper to Domestic Economy_ 
This is as it should be. Our lady readers, we think take 
an interest in our agricultural papers, and of course they 
should have a part of the paper set apart for them. There 
is no more important part of the provision of a family 
than the article of bread. If we are out of bread, we 
hardly know how to make a meal. We believe that 
every housewife almost, can or does pride herself, on 
making good bread. But, says the good housewife, as 
she looks through her specs into the Cultivator, I won¬ 
der what they wont carry steam to next? We have 
steam to drive people through the world on railroads, 
and steam for hatching chickens, and last of all, steam for 
making bread. Not steam for making bread, good lady, 
but steam for making old bread into new. It is well 
known by every housewife, who has a family, that in 
baking a large hatch of bread, some of the loaves will 
get dry and hard, before it is all used. The general 
practice is, we believe, to make puddings out of the dry 
oread. This, however, is some trouble, and we will 
come to the point at once; in the first place, fill your 
porridge pot about half full of water, and as qu>ek as it 
boils, have some short sticks or rods to lay in across the 
not, close to the water; then put in your loaf, shut down 
,he cover, and then you can let on the steam for about 
fiteen or twenty minutes. However, you can try it with 
a fork, and when it is done put it on the table; and if 
you don’t say it is as good as new bread, if not better, 
then you may set me down as a false prophet. We don’t 
think this to be entirely new, yet it may be new to some. 
It is worth a trial. It has justly been said, that “ bread is 
the staff of life,” and a certain gentleman said, that if 
bread was the staff of life, bread and butter was a staff 
with a gold head. Yours truly, 
Derby, Conn., March 21, 1842. L. Durand. 
AN EXCELLENT PASTE. 
Take half an ounce of Gum Tragacanth, dissolve it in 
water, put it into a wide-mouth bottle, and keep closely 
corked; when thus prepared, put a small quantity of 
kreosote or cologne water on the top to prevent moulding. 
Paste made in this manner, will last for years. A. 
©ariten anil tlje (Drxljarii. 
THE PEACH TREE. 
Editors of Cultivator —I think the lovers of peach¬ 
es, and especially those who are desirous of raising the 
peach tree, and who are deterred from doing so by the 
difficulty of preventing its destruction by the peach worm, 
will be gratified to learn that the very best way of effect¬ 
ing that object, (the prevention of the peach worm,) is to 
make a pile of stones around each tree, and in close con¬ 
tact with it, to the height of about 12 or 15 inches. This, 
if done and continued, before the trees have become dis¬ 
eased by the attack of the worm, will effectually prevent 
their decay from that cause ever afterwards. Let the 
sceptic try it. Anon. 
The Plains, Va., Feb. 1842. 
BLACK RUST ON PLUM TREES. 
My plum trees are all destroyed by the black rust.— 
What will cure the disease which appears to be caused 
by insects? I came into possession of the Oakland farm 
on Staten Island, late in the spring of 1839, having a num¬ 
ber of plum trees upon it affected with the rust. The 
fruit that season was nevertheless tolerable, though many 
rotted and fell off before they came to maturity. 
In the spring of 1840, the trees were trimmed and 
cleared of all the rusty knots, the bodies of the trees 
whitewashed, and holes bored into them and filled with 
sulphur. Very little good fruit that year, though plenty 
on the trees, most of it dropping off, or rotting on the 
limbs. In the fall of the year, the trees were as full as 
ever of a new crop of rust. 
In the spring of 1841, they were again trimmed and 
cleared of all the knots, and the trees manured with ashes. 
They were full of blossoms, but there was no good fruit, 
and in the autumn the rust was thicker than ever; and 
as the disease was spreading to the green-gage trees near 
them, I deemed it advisable to cut them down and burn 
the limbs, which was done in the beginning of 1842. A 
number of young plum trees were transplanted by me, 
but the disease has attacked them also. Thus it appears 
that there is no hope of raising plum trees to advantage, 
where this disease becomes so prevalent and spreads so 
rapidly as above described. Our latitude is between 41° 
and 42° north. Richmond. 
REMEDY FOR INSECTS ON PLANTS. 
Mr. D. Haggerston, of Watertown, Mass, has claimed 
the premium offered by the Mass. Hort. Soc. for the most 
cheap and effectual mode of destroying the Rose slug or 
bug. The remedy is C£ Whale oil soap aissolved at the 
rate of two lbs. in fifteen gallons of water. ” Mr. H. states 
that as there is much difference in the strength of this 
soap, it will be better to begin with this quantity, and if 
it does not kill the insects to increase the strength, which 
may be done without injury to the plants. Dissolve the 
soap in a small quantity of boiling water, and strain it 
through a fine sieve, then add the proper quantity of cold 
water,and apply it with a watering engine or syringe. The 
cost is about four mills per gallon. Mr. H. also states 
that this preparation is also an effectual remedy for other 
troublesome insects, such as the Thrips or vine fretter, 
the Aphis or plant louse, the Black fly that infests the 
young- shoots of the cherry, &c., the Acarus or red spi¬ 
der, and some insects that infest evergreens, such as the 
balsam of fir, and others. “ The disease Mildew, on the 
gooseberry, peach, grape vine, &c., is checked and en¬ 
tirely destroyed by a weak dressing of this solution.” If 
this solution of whale soap is as efficacious as is repre¬ 
sented, Mr. H. deserves the thanks of the public as well 
the offered premium, for bringing it to the notice of the 
public. There can be but little doubt it w-ill be found 
useful in many cases not specified by him, and it will 
also be be beneficial in promoting the growth of plants. 
ikterinarti department. 
DISEASE OF SHEEP. 
A note from J. Harland, Esq. Guelph, U. C. says, cc A 
subscriber states that his sheep were attacked in the early 
part of last summer, by a cough and running- at the nose, 
which has continued up to the present time. He would 
be glad to learn a remedy.” 
There are several causes which may produce the symp¬ 
toms described, such as the presence of the larvse of the 
Oestrus ovis in the frontal sinuses; the presence of the 
round hair worm, Strongylus filaria,, in the trachea and 
bronchial tubes; and what is called Coryza. The larvae 
of the oestrus are best removed by blowing tobacco smoke 
up the nostrils; no remedy has as yet been discovered 
for the hair worm; but its presence is fortunately' rare. 
Coryza is brought on by the exposure of the animal to 
storms or severe cold, after having been heated, and we 
have known severe cases arise from improper exposure 
to cold storms after shearing. Generally, the cough and 
running- of the nostrils disappear without trouble; some¬ 
times fever accompanies the attack, and then shelter and 
a purgative medicine are necessary; but sometimes the 
cough continues, the irritation of the bronchial tubes be¬ 
comes chronic, and the rot or consumption of the lungs 
follows. If the disease in its early stages appears obsti¬ 
nate, Blacklock recommends in addition to the purgative, 
<c a powder made of powdered digitalis, (foxglove,) half 
a dram; tartarized antimony, fifteen grains; nitre, two 
drams. Rub well together, and divide into fifteen parts 
or powders. Half an hour after the powder is swallowed, 
give the sheep a basin of warm gruel, and repeat the 
powder at the end of six hours, if the symptoms are not 
much abated.” Sheep so diseased, should have a dry, 
sheltered pasture, good nutritious food, and be sheltered 
from sudden or unfavorable changes of weather. In this 
country, allowing sheep to lick salt from tarred troughs, 
or giving a little tar to swallow occcasionally, has been 
strongly recommended as producing a good effect in such 
disorders of this valuable animal. 
CURE FOR BLOODY MURRAIN 
Messrs. Gaylord & Tucker— Having cured seve¬ 
ral cattle of Bloody Murrain by the following recipe, I 
send it to you for publication in the Cultivator. Take 
one pint of fat, melt it—add one gill spirits of turpentine 
—then put in half a pound of sulphur, stir it till it is 
thin—put in a junk bottle, anti pour it down the animal. 
Rockville, III. 1842. A. Hdyck. 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 
Our thanks are due to J. Boyle, Esq. England, for a copy of a 
volume recently issued at Edinburgh, entitled “ Agricultural 
lour m the United States and Upper Canada, in 184 L with mis¬ 
cellaneous notices, by Capt. Barclay, of Ury,”— loll. V. French, 
Esq. Boston, for “Constitution and By-Laws of the Mass. Hurt. 
Society, together with a report of its Transactions for 1839, 1840 
and 1841,to Hon. D. I). Barnard, M. C , for Mr. SalstonstalBs 
neport on the lariffj—to the Kditor o the JSew Farmer's Jour - 
nal, London, for the continued hies of that valuable publication. 
NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS, &c. 
Our correspondents must not think that their favors are re¬ 
jected, because some of them are kept on hand for months. 
We should be glad to give most of the communications we re¬ 
ceive, an early insertion, were it possible to make room for 
them; but notwithstanding we condense and crowd into our pa¬ 
ges all that is possible, we still find it nec essary every month 
to omit many articles which it was our wish and intention to 
have inserted. 
Besides those inserted in this paper, we have received since 
our last, communications from J. Horsfield S. McCay, Sub- 
scriber, Commentator, Good Intent, Eli Westfall, Henry Pal¬ 
mer, J. C. Stone, J. B. Cook, John Cooke, Stockport, D. G. 
Weems, Joseph Cope, Agricola, J W. McCall, C. N. Bement, 
Wm. Partridge, H. Clark, L. Durand. 
CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 
The Season and Prospects—New Work by A. J. Downing ) 
—National Agricultural Society—Correction—Orchard- j 
ist’s Companion -Rutu baga for Cows—Sugar from the > 
Maple,. c 
Dr. Dana’s Muck Manual,. 
Transactions of New Haven Hort. and Ag. Societies—The ) 
Western Shepherd—Mr. Colman’s Fourth Report— ) 
Green Manures—Sugar from Corn—Oil from Lard— ) 
Large Yheld of Corn,. j 
The Yellow Locust—Sun Flower Oil—Subsoil Plowing— 1 
Trenching—Plowing in Georgia—Poudrette—Soiling— > 
Toad Flax—Livingston Co. Plow—The Cranberry,-) 
Plaster—N. Y. County Ag. Societies—Sugar from Corn ) 
Stalks—Annual meeting of the U. S. Ag. Society—Silk > 
in Massachusetts—Indian Corn,. ) 
Farmer’s Club in Butternuts—Ashes on Cotton—Cutting ( 
off Spavin—Agriculture in Georgia—Canada Thistle— $ 
Summer Fallows and Plows—Board Fences—Weeds— ) 
Preservation of Grain—Cocoons Wanted—Large Pigs, > 
Hill-side Ditches—Water Elevator—Mr. Hall’s Piggery,- 
The Ayrshires—Culture of Potatoes, &c.—Farming in the ) 
West—Sheep Barn—Chemical Manures,. j 
Comments on March No.—The Potatoe Oat—Hay Rigging ) 
—Duty on Wheat from Canada, • • .. .j 
Salamagundi, No. 6—Cow Collar—The Morgan Horse, - •• 
A Farm Gate—Letters from Mr. Peters, No. 4—Sugges- > 
tions to Farmers, No. 2—Philo Commentator,.j 
Sun Dials—Sound Wheat in a Smut Bed—Profits on Farms ) 
—Advantages of Ag. Papers—Plaster—Bees,. $ 
Mr. Garnett’s Address,. 
Butter Making—Management of Poultry,. 
89 
90 
95 
95 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 
100 
101 
102 
103 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
Fig. 56—Mr. Newman’s Water Elevator,. 96 
Fig. 57, 58—Mr. Hall’s Piggery.. 96 
Fig. 59—Self-foddering Sheep Barn,. 97 
Fig. 60, 61—Hay Rigging or Patent Shelves,. 98 
Fig. 62—Cow Collar,. 99 
Fig. 63—A F’arm Gate,. 100 
Fig. 64, 65—Plow Points,. 93 
CLARKE S SILK REEL. 
T HE subscriber notv offers forsale hispatent Silk Reel, which 
he believes for simplicity, for saving labor, and for making 
superior silk, exceeds any other now in use in this or any other 
country. The reel is turned by the foot of the reeler with perfect 
ease, thereby saving the expense of a boy to turn; and is so con¬ 
structed that the pipe from the furnace dries the silk as fast as it 
is woven on the reel, which makes the silk more glossy and soft, 
and less liable to tangle when wound from the skeins. Reels 
may be obtained of the subscriber in Greenwich, Ct., and sent 
by him to any part of the United States ; and also of Darius 
Mead, No. 81 Maiden Lane, New-York. Also, patent rights for 
states or counties. Orders from any part of the country, post¬ 
ace paid, will be immediately attended to. Price of the reel, 
$10. AARON CLARKE. 
Greenwich, Ct. May, 1842. 
PORTABLE MILLS FOR GRINDING. 
A PATENT has lately been taken out for Mills, that will 
grind with one or two horse power, 3 or 4 bushels of grain 
per hour, with a stone of two feet in diameter. They are now 
in successful operation. The cost is about ,$100. Your Sub¬ 
scriber in Illinois, and any one else, wishing to purchase, can 
be supplied by addressing a letter to J. SHERMAN, Jr. Bridge¬ 
port, Connecticut._ May, 1842. 
PORTABLE MILLS, &c. 
I N answer to an inquiry from a subscriber in the April num¬ 
ber, respecting Portable Mills for grinding corn in the ear for 
fodder, I would inform him that they can be had in Auburn, N. 
Y. The price of the machine will be .$30; will grind from 4 to 
6 bushels per hour. With an additional expense of $20, there 
can be a fixture to the same machine, for grinding corn suffi¬ 
ciently fine for bread. 
Also, HUSSEY’S REAPING MACHINE is manufactured at the 
same establishment. Orders for either of the machines, direct¬ 
ed t the subscriber, will be duly noticed. 
Auburn , N. Y. May, 1843. T. R. HUSSEY. 
