140 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
Ntftices of New publications. 
Cottage Residences; or a series of Designs for Rural 
Cottages and Cottage-villas,and their gardens and grounds. 
Adapted to North America. By A. J. Downing, author 
of a treatise on Landscape Gardening. Illustrated by 
numerous engravings. New-York and London: Wi¬ 
ley and Putnam, publishers. Price $2.50. 
This is the title of a work, which the readers of the 
Cultivator will remember we had the pleasure, not long 
since, of announcing was in a state of preparation by the 
accomplished author; and the expectations we had then 
formed and expressed of the peculiar fitness of the wri¬ 
ter for such an undertaking, and the value of the forth¬ 
coming work, have, we may be permitted to say, been 
fully realized. Mr. Downing has, in this beautiful vol¬ 
ume, furnished a fit companion for his Landscape Gar¬ 
dening ; and the influence of such works in correcting 
the taste, and forming the architectural character of a 
people, can scarcely be appreciated. Wealth is of but 
little consequence to its possessor, unless he has a dispo¬ 
sition and taste to expend it in ways that will benefit the 
public as well as himself, and multiply the sources of 
true and rational enjoyment. The greatest of these is a 
perception of the beautiful and the good: the beautiful, 
as it exists in nature; and the good, as it belongs to the 
moral character of man; two things more closely allied 
than we are apt to suppose, and to connect which, too 
little effort has been hitherto made. 
It is not unfrequently the case in the country, that we 
find professional men and farmers, incurring expenses in 
erecting uncouth, unsightly masses of wood or brick, 
disagreeable in appearance, and inconvenient in use, 
which would, had they been directed by a cultivated taste, 
have produced residences which would have combined 
beauty and utility in a great degree, and done much to¬ 
wards forming a more correct taste in others, and a hap¬ 
pier style of building, by the example it would have af¬ 
forded. The study of Mr. Downing's volumes, particu¬ 
larly the one now under notice, cannot fail to have a 
most salutary effect in correcting the great and acknowl¬ 
edged defects of our cottage architecture, and introducing 
a better style, more consonant to the wants of a prospe¬ 
rous people. The numerous and beautiful designs in¬ 
terspersed throughout the book, cannot fail to afford use¬ 
ful hints to those who propose building, or embellishing 
their grounds, even should no particular design be deem¬ 
ed perfectly suitable as a whole for adoption, under the 
circumstances of position or expenditure. We believe 
no one can examine the designs given by Mr. Downing, 
without at once feeling the superior beauty and effect of 
buildings and residences so constructed, and being dis¬ 
posed to desire their multiplication. 
We cannot give a better idea of the aim of Mr. Down¬ 
ing, in the preparation of this volume, or the true love 
of nature and beauty with which it is fully imbued, than 
by quoting a paragraph or two from his preface: 
“ It is in this regard, that 1 wish to inspire all persons 
with a love of beautiful forms, and a desire to assemble 
them around their daily walks of life. 1 wish them to 
appreciate how superior is the charm of that home where 
we discover the tasteful cottage or villa, and the well 
designed and neatly kept garden or grounds, full of 
beauty and harmony, not the less beautiful and harmoni¬ 
ous, because simple and limited; and to become aware 
that these superior forms, and the higher and more re¬ 
fined enjoyment derived from them, may be had at the 
same cost, and with the same labor, as a clumsy dwell¬ 
ing, and its uncouth and ill designed accessories. 
“ More than all, I desire to see these sentiments cher¬ 
ished for their pure moral tendency. ‘All beauty is an 
outward expression of inward good,’ and so closely are 
the Beautiful and the True allied, that we shall find, if 
we become sincere lovers of the grace, the harmony, and 
the loveliness with which rural homes, and rural life are 
capable of being invested, that we are silently opening 
our hearts to an influence which is higher and deeper 
than the mere symbol; and that if we have worshipped 
in the true spirit, we shall have caught a nearer glimpse 
of the Great Master whose words, in all his material 
universe, are written in lines of Beauty.” 
We cannot enter into a particular analysis of this 
Work, but we can assure our readers that it is scarcely 
possible for any one to examine its suggestions in con¬ 
nection with its beautiful designs, withoui perceiving the 
many ways in which buildings and grounds may be made 
to contribute to the elevated pleasures of mind, and assist 
in combining and developing the beauties of nature. 
Every architect should make himself familiar with the 
principles laid down in Mr. Downing’s volume; and 
every one who is intending to build should endeavor to 
unite as much of beauty with utility as is possible. To be 
able to do this, no better guide can be found than this 
work on Cottage Residences, and we recommend it to 
all, as one doing honor to the country, the subject, and 
the writer. 
Now that the intentions of Mr. Downing in regard to 
“Landscape Gardening,” and “Cottage Residences,” 
have been so happily and usefully closed, we would re¬ 
spectfully yet earnestly suggest the necessity and the pro¬ 
priety of having the subject of Farm Residences and 
Farm Buildings in general, taken up, and by some com¬ 
petent pen illustrated in as forcible a manner as has been 
the subjects treated by Mr. Downing; and if the avoca¬ 
tions of that gentleman will permit, he could scarcely 
confer a greater favor on the agricultural public, or do 
more to correct, or rather banish, the barbarous and in¬ 
convenient style of constructing and arranging farm 
buildings, so prevalent, than by preparing a work for the 
use of farmers, illustrated with designs evincing the 
same correct taste, as those of the volumes already issued 
and noticed. 
The Cottage Residences is an octavo volume of nearly 
200 pages, and like its predecessor on Landscape Gar¬ 
dening, has been got up by the publishers in the very 
best style of book making in this country. 
We are indebted to the publishers for the engravings, 
and for permission to copy the description of one of the 
beautiful Designs contained in the volume, which will 
be found in another part of this paper, and for which we 
tender them our thanks. 
Memorial of Joshua Leavitt, praying that in the revi¬ 
sion of the Tariff laws, the principle of discrimination may 
be inserted in favor of those countries in which American 
grain, flour, and salted meat, are admitted duty free. 
Washington, July, 1842. Pages, 160. 
It is not often that we find so many valuable statistical 
facts connected with the operation of the grain laws of 
different countries collected,or more luminously arranged, 
than in the memorial before us. We cannot be expected 
to go into a discussion of the various topics embraced in 
the memorial; those who wish for such an examination, 
will of course refer to the publication itself; but we find 
in it one table which we transfer to our pages, as exhi¬ 
biting in a most striking manner the immense capabili¬ 
ties ofa few of the states as compared with the others, 
derived from the Agricultural census of the U. States, 
for 1839. 
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Address delivered before the Crawford Co. Agricultural 
Society, at Van Buren, Arkansas. By G. W. Paschal. 
It is not often that we have the pleasure of perusing 
an address written with more ability, or displaying a 
more thorough acquaintance with the subjects of which 
it treats, than the address of Mr. Paschal, a copy of which 
has been kindly forwarded to us. It exhibits the sound 
sense, and practical discrimination of the self made man; 
and agriculture cannot fail to make progress when it en¬ 
gages the active support of such men as the writer of the 
address before us. We should be pleased to extract li¬ 
berally, but can only give enough to show that men of 
the right stamp are engaged in the far Southwest, in the 
support of Agricultural Societies. 
“ Born,” says the eloquent speaker, “ of indigent pa¬ 
rents, my first recollections are associated with the plow, 
the hoe, the axe, and the cry of hard times. To the se¬ 
vere toil of morning, evening, and noon, through win¬ 
ter, spring, summer and autumn, am I now indebted for 
any habits of industry and perseverance, which I may be 
thought to p issess. To the necessity of the poor farmer, 
his keeping every thing in its proper place—and of pre¬ 
serving every thing which could be useful, and of exert¬ 
ing strength and energy at the proper time, am I indebt¬ 
ed for that order and system, which alone enable me to 
succeed in an avocation which is thought to belong ex¬ 
clusively to the sons of the opulent, who have been fa¬ 
vored with the advantages of a systematic and classical 
education. 
“ The first music which I remember to have heard, was 
the music of the merry lark, the beautiful red bird, the 
hoarse thrush, the angry jay bird, the laughing wood¬ 
pecker, and that bird of universal genius and versatile 
accomplishments, the mocking bird, which, with pro¬ 
voking similarity, chimes in, imitating the same gay 
notes of these, and many others. These merry songsters 
each taught me a lesson of contentment, as well as of so¬ 
cial feeling, and real hilarity. 
“ I early learned to believe that there was great sympa¬ 
thy in the moans of the lowing herd, rather than in the 
affected tones of the proud mother inquiring for some half 
forgotten offspring, driven by stern fashion from her pre¬ 
sence to the nursery. 
“If I have thus come to the erroneous conclusion that 
there is more sympathy—more fellow feeling and real 
kindness, among the poor and middle classes, than among 
the rich and purse proud, it is the fault of my early and 
rustic education. I have learned men and things by ob¬ 
servation rather than by books.” 
And this, we wish to say to every reader of the Culti¬ 
vator, is the true way to learn. It was the w r ay that 
Washington, Franklin, Roger Sherman, Patrick Henry, 
and some of the most distinguished and honored men now 
living in this country, have learned. It is not that we 
love books less, but men and things more, that we re¬ 
commend the study of the last, to the first. These are 
truly educated men, and we wish every young man in 
our country, to keep in view the broad distinction which 
exists between mere learning and education. Few farm¬ 
ers can be learned; but every one may be educated. He 
can observe, reflect, inquire; and when books are with¬ 
in his reach, let him not refuse and reject, but profit by 
their advantages. - 
Magazine of Horticulture and Botany. Edited by C. M. 
Hovey, Boston: Monthly; Three dollars a year. 
This valuable Magazine Well sustains the high reputa¬ 
tion it has acquired, and its possession is almost indis¬ 
pensable to the American Horticulturist and Gardener. 
The July number contains a good paper on the Study of 
Natux-al History; a paper from the pen of Dr. Harris, on 
a new disease of the plum, (the substance of which we 
shall give hereafter;) Pomological notices, or notices 
Respecting new and superior varieties of fruits; a ca¬ 
pital paper on Strawberries, by N. Longwortb, Esq. of 
Cincinnati, Ohio, which we shall take an early opportunity 
to copy or condense for the Cultivator; with a copious list 
of miscellaneous articles of interest. In the No. for Au¬ 
gust, we find a very valuable paper from R. Manning, 
Esq. of Salem, describing forty-four varieties of Cherries, 
fruited at the Pomological Garden, Salem, Mass., in the 
season of 1842, for which we hope, ere long, to make 
room in the Cultivator. 
Orr’s Pictorial Guide to Niagara Falls, 1842. 
It is impossible to put Niagara Falls, their beauty, and 
their sublimity, on paper; but here is a volume which for 
truthfulness of design, andbeauty of execution, will make 
it a capital guide to every one who intends visiting that 
interesting spot. Nor will it less pleasantly call up re¬ 
membrances in those who have visited that region, and 
listened to the voices of the mighty waters that there 
rush irresistibly and unceasingly by. Repeated exami¬ 
nations made on the spot, have convinced us of the gene¬ 
ral fidelity of the drawings, and accuracy of the nume¬ 
rous illustrations which enrich the volume. We must 
say that we think the illustrations more creditable to Mr. 
Orr, as an artist, he being both their designer and en¬ 
graver, than the letter press description is to his taste as 
a writer. It must be admitted, however, that it is almost 
impossible to write or speak of Niagara, without using 
language bordering on the superlative, and the error in¬ 
to which in this respect he has fallen, in common with 
many others, may well be pardoned for the sake of the 
beauty and fidelity of his illustrations. We venture to 
say, that hereafter, Orr’s Pictorial Guide will be consi¬ 
dered indispensable by the visitor of Niagara, and its pic¬ 
turesque region. - 
The Old Countryman. 
Of all the journals printed in this country, for the par¬ 
ticular benefit of emigrants from the British empire, that 
constitute so considerable a portion of our citizens, we 
know of none better adapted to promote this end, than 
the “Old Countryman,” published at No. 3 Barclay st., 
N. York. It is printed on a large sheet of 8 pages, and 
contains a general summary of the agricultural, manu¬ 
facturing, commercial, sporting, political, and other in¬ 
telligence of that country. Price in advance, $3,00. 
The Dollar Farmer, is the title of a new monthly 
Ag. paper, issued at the office of the Louisville Journal, 
(Ky.) 16 pages quarto. It is a large and handsomely 
executed sheet, compactly filled with articles of great in¬ 
terest to the farmer. 
The Berkshire Farmer, is the title of a handsome 
paper just commenced at Pittsfield, Mass.; Wm. Bacon, 
Esq. editor; Montague & Axtell, publishers: 8 pages 
quarto, monthly, at 50 cents a year. Mr. Bacon’s repu¬ 
tation as a writer, as well as the first number of the pa¬ 
per, give abundant assurance that the Farmer will be ably 
conducted, and well worthy the support of the intelli¬ 
gent husbandmen of Old Berkshire. 
The Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.—This pa¬ 
per is hereafter to be edited by Messrs. C. T. Botts and 
L. M. Burfoot, the latter gentleman having become 
one of the proprietors of the work. It has been an ex¬ 
cellent paper under Mr. Bott’s care, and they hope to 
make it still more valuable, Mr. Burfoot being “a gen¬ 
tlemen of fine abilities, devoted to agriculture, to which 
he has been trained from his youth, and thoroughly versed 
in its principles.” 
The Farmer’s Cabinet, Philadelphia.—A new vol¬ 
ume of the Cabinet commences with the August number, 
James Pedeer and Josiah Tatem, editors. Being re¬ 
lieved from a part of his labors as editor of the Cabinet, 
Mr. Pedder, we are rejoiced to learn, is about to estab¬ 
lish an Agricultural School, on the banks of the Delaware, 
in the vicinity of Philadelphia. The August No. has 
disappeared from our fable, or we should give a more 
particular notice of Mr. P.’s prospectus of his school. 
The Western Farmer and Gardener, at Cincin¬ 
nati.—Mr. Affleck having retired from this work, it is 
hereafter to be conducted by Mr. Charles Foster, the 
publisher, assisted by our friend, M. W. Philits, Esq. 
of Mississippi. 
