168 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
be added, as the layers are put in, it aiding much in pre¬ 
serving the tomato. When the jar is full, pour on the 
tomatoes pure cold cider vinegar till all are covered, then 
close up tight for use. 
Tomato Tigs. —Take 6 lbs of sugar to 16 lbs. or one 
peck of the fruit. Scald and remove the skin in the usu¬ 
al way. Cook them over a fire, their own juice being 
sufficient without the addition of water, until the sugar 
penetrates and they are clarified. They are then spread 
on dishes, flattened and dried in the sun. A small quan¬ 
tity of the syrup should be occasionally sprinkled over 
them while drying; after which pack them down in box¬ 
es, treating each layer with powdered sugar. The re¬ 
maining syrup is concentrated by boiling, and bottled for 
use. 
Tomatoes for Winter. —Tomatoes for winter use 
may be preserved by placing them in layers with salt, in 
jars or tight boxes. When wanted, they must be soaked 
in water, in the same manner as cucumbers preserved in 
the same way. Some prefer stewing the tomatoes until 
well cooked, then spreading the mass on plates or other 
smooth surfaces, and drying them fully, when they can 
be put in bags and kept in any dry place. This is the 
mode adopted by many in New England and elsewhere, 
for drying and preserving the pumpkin. 
Some of the above directions or recipes have already 
appeared in former volumes of the Cultivator, but as the 
present is the season of tomatoes, it was thought that a 
collection of them might be acceptable and useful to our 
readers. 
DAIRY SALT. 
Perhaps there is no process in domestic economy in 
which the skill of the operator is more required, or ex¬ 
hibited to better advantage, than in those belonging to 
the dairy; and we are convinced that the success here, is 
much more frequently depending on the salt used than is 
generally imagined. The least impurity in salt, will se¬ 
riously affect the quality and preservation of butter; as it 
will aid and hasten the chemical changes through which 
butter passes while losing its fine flavor, and becoming 
rancid and intolerable. Salt that is very white and fine 
in appearance, is not unfrequently combined with other 
substances which injure its conservative powers; and 
hence that can only be relied upon which is prepared in 
such a way that a separation of these substances takes place 
previous to crystalization. In pure rock salt, nature has 
effected this separation perfectly; and where such can be 
obtained, and then ground fine, nothing as to the quality 
is left to be desired. The examinations made by our 
state geologists, prove, that next to this rock salt, (and 
vastly superior in strength and purity to the great part of 
it,) is the coarse salt produced at the Onondaga Salines, 
by solar evaporation. Thus Dr. Beck’s analysis shows 
(see page 36, of the Report for 1838,) that the salt made 
by solar evaporation at Geddes and Syracu •• contains 
992 parts of pure chloride of sodium in 10C0; while 
Turks Island and Liverpool fine salt, gave from 984 to 988 
parts in 1000. The fine salt put up as table salt, at Sali- 
na, exceeds the Liverpool in purity, and may be used in 
the dairy with perfect safety. But for a superior article, 
and one about which there can be no mistake, it is pro¬ 
bable our farmers will find the salt made by evaporation, 
and then ground, the best butter salt that can be used; 
and we are confident if such salt was generally used in 
our dairies, the quality of their products would be most 
materially improved. Those who cannot obtain this 
salt, should use the best Liverpool fine they can procure, 
or purchase rock salt, clean, and grind it. This latter 
course, we understand, is taken by the Quakers at Fair- 
field, in Maine, the excellence of whose dairy products, 
is admitted wherever they are known. There can be no 
question but the methods adopted in making and work¬ 
ing butter, have a decided influence on its quality; but 
we are inclined to believe that the kind of salt used, ex¬ 
ercises its full share in determining whether the product 
of the dairy shall be good or bad, and is deserving of 
more consideration than has usually been given it by the 
dairyman. 
CHEESE MAKING. 
From the statement of Stephen Yates, of his process 
of making cheese, published in the Report of the Ameri¬ 
can Institute, we copy the following :—“ In the making 
of cheese in the ordinary way, as is practiced by the dai¬ 
rymen of Herkimer county, I discovered that when the 
curd was scalded, an oil would arise to the top and run 
off in the whey. I directed my dairymen not to scald 
the curd, and found that I not only retained the aromatic 
oil, but also all of the cream that otherwise would es¬ 
cape in the whey; and I kept the cheese in the press for 
some days, (occasionally turning them,) until the linen 
wrapper was no more moist; after which they were at- 
.ended in the usual way, except that they were anointed 
ivith hog’s lard instead of whey butter.” 
Mince Pies.— To make mince pies without apples or 
\ider, take the requisite quantity of meat, and one-third 
the quantity of beets, that is commonly used of apples. 
Boil the beets, and let them pickle twelve hours. Chop 
.hem very fine, and one-eighth of grated wheat bread. 
Sweeten and season with spices, &c. to taste. 
Wiskonsan, 1842. F. W. S. 
For coloring Orange Color.— Take black alder 
bark, boil it well and strain the liquor; wet the cloth with 
a strong lye, and dip it into the alder liquor; let it re¬ 
main until cool enough to wring, and you have an inde¬ 
lible orange color. A. 
{klmnarg ^Department 
DISEASE IN THE SHOULDER OF THE HORSE. 
In a letter from A. Pope, Esq. of Georgia, making 
some inquiries as to the Morgan Horse, he says,—“I 
have used up some five or six horses in the three years 
just past, and the one I now have, has what our farriers 
call big or slip shoulders. Are you acquainted with such 
a disease; and if so, what remedy is the best to effect a 
cure?” 
The disease spoken of by Mr. Pope,' is occasioned by 
some violqnt shock or sprain given the deep seated mus¬ 
cles, by which the shoulder blade of the horse is attach¬ 
ed to the body. The injuring of these is not common; 
but when it does occur, inflammation ensues, and their 
thickening, and the consequent enlargement of the shoul¬ 
der is the result. In sprain of the shoulder, from the 
position of the muscles injured, few local measures of 
relief can be adopted. At the commencement of the in¬ 
flammation, bleeding from the vein on the inside of the 
arm, (the plate vein,) may be beneficial, a dose of phy¬ 
sic be given, fomentations employed on the inside of the 
arm close to the chest, and the horse must be kept as 
quiet as possible. At a later period, the cure, if ever ac¬ 
complished, must be left to time and rest from all exer¬ 
tion. 
DEATH OF A MAN FROM GLANDERS. 
It has long been known that glanders was one of the 
most incurable and fatal diseases of horses, and conta¬ 
gious in the extreme; and within a few years the alarm¬ 
ing fact has been disclosed, that man was susceptible of 
the contagion from the brute, and numerous cases are 
now on record, where hostlers and others, having the 
care of glandered horses, have fallen victims to well 
marked cases of the disease. A late No. of the “ Vete¬ 
rinarian,” gives from the Lancet, an account of the death 
of M. Rocher, a student of the hospital Necker of Paris, 
from this disease, contracted from a patient of which he 
had charge, and which died of glanders; thus proving 
that it may not only be communicated from the horse to 
man, but from one man to another. To demonstrate the 
nature of the disease from which M. Rocher died, M. 
Leblanc, a distinguished surgeon, inoculated a horse 
with the matter discharged from the tumors formed on 
body of M. R. previous to his death, and the animal died, 
exhibiting every appearance of acute glanders in its most 
mklignant form. The facts of this case, which are re¬ 
corded at length, show that great care should be used by 
those having the management of glandered horses; in¬ 
deed, the public good requires that every such horse 
should be destroyed at once. It was the opinion of the 
eminent physicians M. Berard and M. Leblanc, who at¬ 
tended the unfortunate Rocher, that he did not receive 
the disease by inoculation, but that in the acute stages of 
the disease, there is a miasmatic infection, similar to that 
of scarlatina or variola, and consequently greater pre¬ 
cautions are necessary than in diseases which can be on¬ 
ly communicated by actual contact. 
BLOODY MURRAIN. 
Messrs. Editors —Having frequently seen notices of 
the bloody murrain among cattle, and various things re¬ 
commended as a cure for this disease, I take the liberty 
of stating what little I know of it. I have seen a number 
of cattle that have died of this disease, and have lost two 
cows myself. In all, the symptoms were nearly the same, 
and all died in from three to twelve hours after they were 
taken, never having exhibited any symptoms of it before. 
Both of my cows, though they died 3 years apart, were 
in very good condition, hvaing uniformly had good food 
and water. One died in May, and the other in Februa¬ 
ry. On a post mortem examination, I found in each, a 
large quantity of extravasated blood among the viscera, 
and the liver greatly diseased, almost rotten, and from 
half to three quarters consumed. Hence I have conclu¬ 
ded, that the disease is probably of some months stand¬ 
ing, and as the animal shows no symptoms of it till just 
before death, there is no cure, and the only hope in re¬ 
gard to it is in prevention. H. A. P. 
RELIEF OF CHOKED CATTLE. 
Messrs. Gaylord & Tucker —I find in your Oct. No. 
of last year, a receipt by David F. Lott, to relieve choked 
cattle. I some months since, sent to the Agriculturist, 
Nashville, a receipt, and in a few weeks after its publi¬ 
cation, received the thanks of a gentleman who by using 
the prescribed means, saved a fine horse, after trying all 
other means recommended without effect. I send it to 
you:—Raise one of the fore feet as the smith does when 
shoeing a horse, tie a strong cord, whip cord or drum 
line will answer, tight above the knee while the foot is 
up, let the foot go, and if the animal refuses to put it to 
the ground, as it probably will, a smart stroke with a 
whip must be dealt, and in a second the beast is relieved; 
be careful in tying the string, to tie a slip knot that you 
can loosen quick, for the pain is excruciating. How it 
operates is immaterial; my theory (probably a false one,) 
is this, the hard cord acting on the nerves of the arm, 
produces nausea, the muscles of the throat are relaxed, 
and the substance by which the brute is choked is thrown 
from the gullet. John A. Jones. 
Fairie Knowe, Geo. 1842. 
Let no man or woman be ashamed to work. 
SOUTH DOWN BUCKS. 
T HREE very superior South Down Bucks, clothed with fine 
wool and long enough for combing, imported direct from 
England, from the flock of the late John Ellman, Esq , of Clyde, 
near Lewes, Sussex, are for sale, or to be let for the season, 
by the personal friend of the breeder. 
OBADIAH ELLIOT 
Elizabethtown, N. J., August 27, 1842. 
ISABELLA GRAPE VINES, 
O F proper age for forming vineyards, propagated from and 
containing all the good qualities which the most improved 
cultivation for over ten years has conferred on the vineyards 
at Croton Point, are now offered to the public. Those who 
may purchase, will receive such instructions as will enable 
them to cultivate the grape with entire success, (provided their 
locality is not too far north.) All communications, post paid, 
addressed toR. T. UNDERHILL, M. D., 400Broadway, N.Y., will 
receive attention. He feels quite confident that he has so far 
ameliorated the character and habits of the grape vines in his 
vineyards and nurseries, by improved cultivation, pruning, 
&c., that they will generally ripen well and produce good fruit 
when planted in most of the northern, all the western, middle 
and southern states. Sept., 1842. 
ALBANY NURSERY. 
T HE proprietors of the above establishment would respect¬ 
fully give notice to the lovers of good fruits, flowers, See., 
that they nave now on hand and for sale, as large and exten¬ 
sive assortment of fruit and ornamental trees, shrubs, green¬ 
house plants, &c., as will be found in this or any other section 
of the country. They would also notify those who wish to pur¬ 
chase fruit trees the coming fall, not to delay in sending their 
orders early, to ensure a good selection, as well as to size as 
fruit. 
Specimens of over fifty or sixty varieties of fall and winter 
apples can be seen at the nursery, raised on the farm of the late 
Jesse Buel, deceased ; also several very fine varieties of pears, 
&.C., which purchasers would do well to call and examine, and 
select from the fruit. 
J. B. & Co. would respectfully tender their thanks to the pub¬ 
lic generally for the very liberal patronage bestowed upon 
them, and would solicit a continuance of the same, in which 
they pledge themselves to sell as cheap and please as well as 
any other similar establishment in the country. 
Catalogues may be obtained of our city agent, Geo Dexter, 
Druggist, &c., State-street, Albany, or at the Cultivator Office. 
All orders should be addressed, post paid, to Jesse Buel & Co., 
Albany Nursery, Albany. JESSE BUEL & CO. 
FRUIT TREES, 
Of Excellent and Proved Varieties. 
I N addition to the list of peaches given in the last number of 
Cultivator, the subscribers have for sale the following se¬ 
lect varieties o> the Cherry —Black Tartarian, White Tartarian, 
Early Richmond, Black Corone,Mayduke, Transparent Guigne, 
and Carnation. The trees are of large size, and of uncommon¬ 
ly fine growth; price, fifty cents each. 
Nectarines, two excellent varieties, the Elruge and EaTly 
Violet; price, twenty-five cents each. 
Apricots, three very fine varieties, the Breda. Early Peach, 
and Peach Apricot; thirty-seven and a half cents each. 
Pears, six excellent varieties, Madeleine, Skinless, Julienne, 
Summer Bonchretien, Seckel and Virgalieu ; price, thirty-se¬ 
ven and a half cents each. 
Apples , consisting chiefly of select summer and autumn table 
fruit, and a few winter apples, of the following varieties—Yel¬ 
low Harvest, Bough, Woolman’s Early, Sine Qua Non, Buffing¬ 
ton’s Early, Strawberry, Rambo, Bellflower, Tallman Sweet¬ 
ing, and Swaar; price, twenty-five cents each. 
The object of the proprietors has been to reduce their list to 
a few of the very finest kinds, and none are ever offered for 
sale by them but PROVED VARIETIES, whose adaptation to 
our climate has been fully tested by experience. 
Orders with remittances, directed “Thomas & Smith, Mace- 
don, Wayne co., N. Y.,” will be promptly and faithfully attend¬ 
ed to. and the trees, well packed, sent by the Erie canal or by 
the Auburn and Rochester railroad. 
Catalogues, with practical directions, furnished gratis on 
post paid applications. J. J. THOMAS, 
Macedon, 10th mo. 1, 1842. W. R. SMITH. 
TO FARMERS, PLANTERS, HORTICULTURISTS, 
AND DRUGGISTS. 
T HE compound chemical whale oil soap may be considered 
at the present moment the best preparation that ever was 
compounded for the total destruction of every species of insects 
infesting the vegetable kingdom—the rose bugs,the caterpillars, 
on grape vines, melons, the hessian fly, the cut and army 
worms, will, after a few applications, be exterminated. 
Likewise fly paper, for excommunicating flies and musqui- 
toes from rooms, stores, stables, &c. 
Poisons, warranted the only original and safest ingredients 
to destroy and exterminate the moths, bed bugs, rose bugs, ca¬ 
terpillars, cockroaches, rats, mice, musquitoes, fleas, flies, 
ants, lice, and every other vermin, or larger animals, warrant¬ 
ed to eradicate and to perform all what it is intended. Seed 
Protector, for guarding all seeds when planted, against the at¬ 
tack of the grub worm, and the young sprouts from the ap¬ 
proach of the caterpillar, crow bird, &c. 
Sulphate of soda, a most valuable ingredient for adding to 
manure. Dr. LEWIS FEUCHTWANGER, 
New-York, 1842. 
Chemist, No. 1, Wall-street. 
DENNIS’ PATENT TROUGHS, 
r O prevent canker worms from ascending fruit or ornamen- 
tell trees. 
State, County, and Town Rights for sale.— The demand for 
he patent circular troughs has so much increased, that lam 
nable to supply the increasing wants from various parts of the 
ountry. I am therefore very desirous to sell state, county, 
nd town rights; where rights are not sold I wish to appoint 
aents. 
Agents Wanted. —-Where I do not sell the Tight, I should like 
o grant the privilege to some competent persons to make and 
pply the troughs, they paying me a certain sum per pound for 
11 the metal used. In granting a privilege as above, it oilers 
n opportunity to any person to commence business without 
apital, upon the most favorable terms. 
Gentlemen wishing their trees protected, are requested to re- 
ommend a suitable person that will accept the agency ior 
Hitting on the troughs. , . 
Persons wishing to purchase rights or obtain the privilege of 
iutting on the troughs, will please address (post P al( J>) JONA¬ 
THAN DENNIS, Jr., Portsmouth, Newport County , R.L, who 
as for sale, Apple Trees, a choice collection of fifty different 
finds, many of them of large size . _. . „„ 
Caution. —All persons are cautioned against making any pa- 
ent circular troughs without my,written permission, as the 
latent law allows treble damages m cases of infringement. 
aoM 
THE steam press of c. van benthuysen & CO. 
