PACKARD.] THE POPULATION OF AN APPLE TREE. 181 
is a smooth, fat, green worm, with two eye-like spots behind 
the head. It changes to a chrysalis in August. These 
three caterpillars do little or no harm to the tree, and are 
only mentioned on account of their large size and curious 
appearance. 
The Apple Nola. —We have no't ourselves identified the 
caterpillar of this well known moth. It is said by Dr. Fitch 
to be a rather thick, cylindrical, light green worm, an inch 
long, with five white lines and numerous white dots, and 
was observed eating notches and holes in the leaves. It 
changes to a cocoon in a curved leaf. The moth appears 
in July, and also hibernates, flying about in spring. It 
is gray, crossed by three zigzag black lines. It is the Nola 
malana. 
The Bud Worm. — One of the most injurious insects of 
the apple tree, next to the canker worm, that we have, is 
a small, reddish-brown larva, which, during certain years, 
threatens, in some localities, the extinction of our apple 
crop. It was described by Harris, in his “Treatise on the 
Insects injurious to Vegetation,” under the name of Penthina 
oculana , and should now be named Grapholitha oeulana. 
The caterpillar is a small, cylindrical, naked worm, about a 
third of an inch in length, and of a uniform reddish-brown, 
with small warts, from which arise short, fine hairs, while 
the head and upper side of the prothoracic ring, or segment 
next the head, is black. 
On May 16th I noticed this caterpillar on the apple, and 
also the pear and cherry, perforating the half expanded leaf 
and flower buds. They were very abundant on these buds, 
and afterwards, when the leaves had partially expanded, 
they had folded them. It seems to hatch out about the 
time that the canker worms and American tent caterpillars 
leave their eggs, that is, about the first day of May, when 
the buds unfold. The last of May and the first week of 
June Jihey were swarming in orchards throughout eastern 
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