Packard.] 
INSECTS OE THE GARDEN. 
33 
The Seventeen Year Cicada (Fig. 22, a, pupa; 6, the 
same, showing the rent in the back out of which the adult, 
c, creeps; d, hole made by the ovipositor for the eggs, e } 
after Riley) in its early stages injures the roots of fruit trees 
by sucking the sap with its beak, w r hile the fly in its peri 
odical visits deserts the oak trees, its natural food plant, 
and invades our orchards, causing by the deep stings of 
Fig. 22. 
Seventeen Year Cicada, eggs and pupa. 
its large, powerful ovipositor the young twigs and small 
branches to wither and break off. 
The most remarkable fact about this insect is that, while 
so far as we know the other species of Cicada pass but two 
or three years* in attaining the winged, adult state, the 
present one lives under ground over sixteen years, assuming 
towards the end of the seventeenth the winged state. We 
♦ The European species of Cicada live three years, according to Haldeman. 
1 
