District around Malt tun, Essex. 37 
to the end of tlie list there is no species that calls for special 
comment. 
The Noctuas recorded amount to 128,—not a very large 
number, but perhaps as many as one could expect to find 
in a district of the character of that under consideration. 
I think that hard night-work might perhaps add some twenty 
species to this list. It may almost he assumed that some of 
the better “Wainscots” occur on the swampy ground near 
Maldon; and that several regular oak- and birch-feeders 
exist at Danbury. 
Appended is a list of all the species hitherto discovered 
round Maldon, with short notes on those that call for special 
remark :— 
Diurni. 
Papilio machaon, L.—A single specimen in 1882. Recorded 
in ‘Entomologist,’ Oct., 1872, pp. 223-4. 
Pieris BRASSimu, L.—Common, but rarely appears in great 
abundance. 
P. rapje, L.—Very common. 
P. napi, L. 
Anthocharis cardamines, L.—Abundant. 
Gonepteryx rhamni, L.—Fairly common, although Rham- 
nus, its ordinary food-plant, is scarce. 
Colias edusa, F.; C. hyale, L. — Abundant in certain 
years, when they are generally distributed in the district, but 
commoner near Maldon. Most plentiful in clover and 
lucerne fields. In 1875 both species were abundant. In 
1877 my brother, Mr. A. G. S. Raynor, took a specimen of 
C. edusa , var. helice, at Hazeleigh. 
Argynnis paphia, F.—Hazeleigh Wood; rare. 
A. adippe, S. Y. — Occurs sparingly in Parson’s Wood, near 
Woodham Mortimer Church. 
A. euphrosyne, L.—Danbury, common ; Woodham Ferrers 
Hall Wood, abundant. 
A. selene, S. V.—Woodham Ferrers Hall Wood; plentiful. 
Vanessa c-album, L.—Mundon. One specimen taken by 
Mr. R. E. Stuart. Recorded Ent., Dec., 1872, p. 264. 
Y. URTICiE , L. 
Y. polychloros, L.—Occurs very generally. The larv®, 
being gregarious when young, strip whole elm-branches, and 
are very conspicuous. 
Y. antiopa, L.—Maldon. One specimen recorded Ent., 
Oct., 1872, p. 216. In the autumn of 1872 this species was 
