The Ancient Fauna of Essex. 
17 
of things in Central France. There tlie old cave-folk lived, 
apparently, upon the Horse and the Reindeer equally, for from 
their remains it is quite evident they must have hunted them 
season and season about. It is interesting to notice that the 
remains of these animals are spread over all the metropolitan 
area, even beneath the ground upon which the New Natural 
History Museum is built. Beneath us is the old river-valley 
gravel of the Thames, and in it were found remains of the 
Mammoth and the Ox. In Gray’s Inn Lane the skeleton 
of a Mammoth and a palaeolithic flint implement were 
Fig. 8.—Skull and lower jaw of Rhinoceros leptorhinus , Owen, from the 
Pleistocene Brick-earth of the Thames Valley, at Ilford, Essex. The 
original, from the collection of the late Sir Antonio Brady, F.G.S., is now 
in the British Museum. See Geol. Mag. 1874. Decade II., vol. i., p. 898, 
pi. xv. [This woodcut is obligingly lent by Messrs. Cassell & Co., from 
their ‘Natural History,’ vol. ii., p. 884.] 
found associated together. In Piccadilly, close to where 
Burlington House stands, the remains of Hippopotamus 
were found; and also at Peckliam and at Woolwich, and 
all along the Thames, their remains are more or less 
abundant. In the Museum there is a very perfect skull of 
Rhinoceros leptorhinus , found at Ilford (fig. 8). Three species 
of Rhinoceros occur in these old brick-earths, the Woolly 
Rhinoceros which belonged to the northern fauna came south, 
c 
