PrinuRval Man in the Valley of the Lea. 129 
of Mr. John Evans). Other characteristic specimens are 
illustrated at figs. 16 and 17. Fig. 16 is a thin and 
exquisitely manipulated trimmed-flake (No. 47 in my col¬ 
lection), weighing only 1& ounces. Fig. 17 is an implement 
worked on both sides, the natural crust of the flint being 
left untouched on the butt, weight ounces (No. 627 in 
my collection). Oval implements with a cutting edge all 
round now appear; a few examples, as in the last period, 
occur where the broad end (as in Neolithic celts) appears to 
have been designed for cutting or chiselling; scrapers are 
common, not large and rough, hut as a rule small and 
extremely neat. One is illustrated at fig. 18, half actual size 
(scraper No. 22 in my collection); small knives, i. e., flakes, 
with the edge or edges showing very neat secondary trimming, 
are common, and hardly to be distinguished from Neolithic 
“knives.” As a rule every object is now neat, small, and 
fine. 
That these later implements are of a different age from the 
last is proved by the curious fact that the newer implements 
are sometimes re-made from older ones, i. e., re-trimmed after 
the lapse of a vast period of time. I have several such ex¬ 
amples, one a scraper belonging to the “ Palaeolithic Floor”: 
it is made from an old lustrous flake of medium age, all the 
more recent work being dull and sharp. 
The different surfaces — viz. , 1 , ochreous, and greatly 
abraded; 2, lustrous and subabraded; and 8, dull and per¬ 
fectly sharp—point to three periods greatly removed from 
each other in the Palaeolithic age. In some places, as in the 
loam of Canterbury, the more recent Palaeolithic implements 
are white, but when broken the inner substance is dark grey; 
the white colour is a bark of decomposition, and this white 
bark or crust has been acquired since the most recent 
Palaeolithic times. Now Neolithic flints at Canterbury 
remain blackish grey to the present day; the thousands of 
years (say from two to ten) since they were chipped have 
been insufficient to cause even the thinnest conceivable white 
film of decomposition to appear, but a Palaeolithic example 
from the same place and near the ground surface has acquired 
