178 On the Species of the Genus Primula in Essex. 
in Britain ? Plants with such a general distribution are 
mostly found all over England and Scotland. I suspect 
its occurrence in Iceland is doubtful. I do not think you 
have got to the bottom of the matter yet by any means.” 
Further information will be found in Nyman’s ‘ Conspectus 
Floras Europaea’ (iii., p. 608, 1881), and in Lecoq’s ‘ Greo- 
graphie Botanique de l’Europe ’ (viii., pp. 141-148, 1858). 
The latter work gives a table of its distribution. The plant 
ascends in Auvergne to 1200 metres, in the Caucasus to 
between 2000 and 8000 metres, and I have seen it at Sils 
Maria and Stalden, in the Engadine, up to nearly 7000 feet, 
or, as Lecoq says, “ au dela de la limite des sapins.” Lecoq 
seems to have considered it capricious in its distribution, for 
he says—“ Elle liabite la France, quoiquelle manque au 
plusieurs points et notamment a Bocroy et a Vervins.” 
YI.—Primula elatior and its Variations in Essex. 
The confusion as to the nomenclature of the various species 
of Primula which exists in the works of some botanists appears 
also to obtain in the minds of the inhabitants of that part of 
Essex in which the above-mentioned species grows. Thus, I 
have more than once heard the name “ Paigle ” applied to P. 
elatior by persons who would also have applied the same word 
to the Cowslip (P. veins), as is always done in other parts of 
Essex, while within a mile or two other persons have assured 
me that the name “ Paigle ” was, properly speaking, applied 
only to the Cowslip (P. veris )—the name “ Cowslip ” being 
always reserved for the true P. elatior; and Mr. Varenne, 
of Kelvedon, has been kind enough to inform me that the 
name “ Cowslip ” is, by some persons in that neighbourhood, 
even applied to the Hybrid Oxlip, the name “Paigle” being 
always used when P. veris (commonly called the Cowslip) is 
intended. I have not heard the name “ Oxlip ” ajjplied to 
P. elatior, Jacq., by the country-people inhabiting the district 
where it grows, but I have, I think, near Chelmsford heard it 
used for the Hybrid Oxlip. Of the latter and the True Oxlip 
Ed. Forster remarks (Phytol., i., p. 974)—“I suppose both 
are called Oxlips in some counties; in Essex I know they 
